17-11
10-5 seldom obscured
FAIR TO POOR: major problems in simple complex constructions • frequent errors of negation, agreement,
tense, number, word orderfunction, articles, pronouns, prepositions andor fragment, run-
ons, deletions • meaning confused or obscured
VERY POOR: virtually no mastery of sentence construction rules • dominated by errors • does not
communicate • or not enough to evaluate
MEC HA
NI C
S 5
4
3
2 EXCELLENT TO VERY GOOD: demonstrates mastery
of conventions • few errors of spelling, punctuation, capitalization, paragraphing
GOOD TO AVERAGE: occasional errors of spelling, punctuation, capitalization, paragraphing but meaning
not obscured FAIR TO POOR: frequent errors of spelling,
punctuation, capitalization, paragraphing • poor handwri
ting • meaning confused or obscured VERY POOR: no mastery of conventions • dominated by
errors of
spelling, punctuation,
capitalization, paragraphing • handwriting illegible • or not enough to
evaluate
TOTAL SCORE :
F. Technique of Data Analysis
In analyzing the data, t-test is used to find out the effectiveness of English comic strips in teaching writing of narrative text. There are several steps to prove
the hypothesis, as the following formula
6
:
M
x
: Mean of the score of experimental class M
y
: Mean of the score of controlled class
6
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2010, p. 314.
: Standard error of experimental class : Standard error of controlled class
The steps that must be done in calculation are: 1.
Determining mean of variable X, with formula as follows:
M
x
: Mean of the score of experiment class Ʃ X : Sum of the student’s score of experimental class
N
1
: Number of students of experimental class 2.
Determining mean of variable Y, with formula as follows:
M
y
: Mean of the score of controlled class Ʃ Y : Sum of the student’s score of controlled class
N
2
: Number of students of controlled class 3.
Determining standard of deviation score of variable X, with formula as follows:
√
SD
x
: Standard deviation score of experimental class 4.
Determining the standard of deviation score of variable Y, with formula as follows:
√
SD
y
: Standard deviation score of controlled class 5.
Determining standard error of mean of variable X, with formula as follows:
√ : Standard error of experimental class
6. Determining standard error of mean of variable Y, with formula as follows:
√ : Standard error of controlled class
7. Determining standard error of different mean of variable X and variable Y,
with formula as follows: √
8. Determining t
o
, with formula as follows:
9. Determining t
table
with degree of freedom df in significance level of 5 and 1, with formula as follows:
Df : Degree of freedom
N
1
: Number of students of experimental class N
2
: Number of students of controlled class
G. Hypothesis of Statistic
The hypothesis of statistic that will be used in this research is: H
o
: µ
1
= µ
2
H
a
: µ
1
≠ µ
2
H
o
: Null hypothesis H
a
: Alternative hypothesis µ
1
: Students’ narrative writing achievement, who are taught by using English
comic strips. µ
2
: Students’ narrative writing achievement, who are taught without using English comic strips.
The assumption of the hypothesis as follows: 1. If t
o
t
table,
the null hypothesis H
o
is rejected and the alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted. It means that there is significant difference between the students’ score in learning narrative writing by using English comic strips and
the students’ score in learning narrative writing without using English comic
strips at the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas µ
1
≠ µ
2
. 2. If t
o
t
table
, the null hypothesis H
o
is accepted and the alternative hypothesis H
a
is rejected. It means that there is no significant difference between the students’ score in learning narrative writing by using English comic strips and
the students’ score in learning narrative writing without English comic strips
at the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas µ
1
= µ
2
.
