3.7 t- test
t- test is used to see the difference of students’ reading comprehension achievement
between State Junior High School and Mts School through visual aids as a medium in learning process. There is a significant difference or not both schools. The formula in
t-test as follow:
Furchan 2007: 224 where,
Mx = the mean score of first group.
My = the mean score pf the second group
Nx = the number of the students of the first group
Ny = the number of the students of the second group
ΣX
2
= the total of the square deviation of the first group ΣY
2
= the total of the square deviation of the second group To determine the significant difference using visual aids as media in each
group, the writer uses the t -test formula:
y x
Y X
2 2
Y X
1 1
2 x
M M
t
1
y
Md t
= Σx
2
d N N- 1
Arikunto 2006: 86 Where,
t : t- value
Md : mean from d deviation between posttest and pretest
xd : the difference between deviation and mean deviation
N : the numbers of subjects
df : or db is N-1
3.8 Procedures of Collecting Data
Procedure of experiment is the guideline for conducting the experiment. First, the writer asked permission to SMP N 2 SUKOLILO as first group and MTS
MIFTAHUL FALLAH WOTAN as second group. She also consulted to English teachers in both school to ge
t students’ list and also students’ score to determine upper and lower group. Then, she determined the sample of both schools. Because in
Mts there is one class so the writer used that class as sample in this research.
Table 4. Treatment for SMP N 2 SUKOLILO
Activities Material
Date Learning process
First meeting Explaining
about reading
comprehension and recount text:
Slobber on
the train
and Mr.
Richard’s Vacation
March 23
rd
2011 1. The writer explained
about text and also reading comprehension
strategies to
comprehend the text. 2. The writer explained
about recount
and narrative text the
generic structures and languages features.
3. The writer gave the examples of recount
and narrative
text through visual aids.
4. The writer gave the students oral exercises
about the text that was given.
5. The writer explained about visual aids more
detail and gives them an example of visual
aids. Second
meeting Reviewing recount
text and starting study narrative text:
Daedalus and
Iracus and Snow White
March 24
th
2011
Third meeting Learn reading
visual aids
My Horrible
Experience
and Bawang
Merah Bawang Putih
March 30
th
2011
Table 5. Treatment for MTs Miftahul Fallah Wotan
Activities Material
Date Learning process
First meeting
Explaining about
reading comprehension and
recount text:
Slobber on
the train
and Mr.
Richard’s Vacation.
March 20
th
2011 1. The writer explained
about text and also reading
comprehension
strategies to
comprehend the text. 2. The writer explained
about recount and narrative text the
generic structures and languages features.
3. The writer gave the examples of recount
and narrative
text through visual aids.
4. The writer gave the students
oral exercises about the
text that was given.
5. The writer explained about
visual aids
more detail and gives them an example of
visual aids. Second
meeting Reviewing recount
text and starting study
narrative text:
Daedalus and
Iracus and Snow White
March 27
th
2011
Third meeting
Learning more
about reading
visual aids
My Horrible
Experience
and Bawang
Merah Bawang Putih
March 29
th
2011
At the end of meeting, the writer conducted post test in each group. Post test was conducted on March 31, 2011 for SMP N 2 SUKOLILO. For Mts Miftahul
Fallah wotan, the writer conducted the post test on April 3, 2011. The test result was
used as the data in this study. The results of post test would be measured whether there is significant different in reading comprehension between SMP and MTs
through visual aids.
45
CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter consists of the data analysis and discussion of research findings. This chapter deals with students’ reading comprehension achievement of SMP N students
and MTs students, the difference of reading comprehension achievement both schools, the application of visual aids in learning process and the advantages and
disadvantages of visual aids.
4.1 Students’ Reading Comprehension Achievement
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