A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ PROBLEM IN LEARNING ENGLISH SPEAKING AT SMA ISLAM BATU

1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

Chapter I of this research contains; background of study, statement of problems, purpose of study, significance of the study, scope and limitation and definition of key terms. Each section is presented as follows:

1.1Background of study

Language is like media that used to be instrument of communication. According to Amberg and Vause (2012:23) language is foremost a means of communication, and communication almost always takes place within some sort of social context. This is why effective communication requires an understanding and recognition between connections of a language and the people who use it. Hence, language will always be required in all conditions, for instance: in the debate, conflict, etc.

There are some more countries that used the kind of languages in this world including English. One of the countries is Indonesia that has been our beloved country. It has Indonesian language and the other countries do too. Although there are many kind of languages in this world, all of the people from over the world can communicate each other by using English because it is an international language used among them to communicate (Turk, 2003:2).

For Indonesia, English is a foreign language which has four skills in learning English that the learner should study it, they are: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The inherent of a successful language learner is their

2

speaking fluency. According to McDonough and Shaw (2003:133) stated that the competence of a language is judged from speaking skill rather than other language skills. Therefore, speaking is very important because it is the most effective tool for human being to express their ideas and to communicate in a civilized world.

Kayi (2006:1) stated that speaking is a crucial part of the foreign language learning and teaching. That is why it can be used for the student to express their ideas orally in foreign language. Without speaking skill they will just keep silent. In order to speak well, they must practice their skill in daily live. So, the teacher should give students opportunity to practice their speaking skill by giving activities that put them into the real practice communication.

Practically, speaking is not as easy as we think. Some students get difficulty to express their idea orally. For example, when the teacherasks some questions such as “what do you think about your school?”. Actually, the students understand what the teacher said but they just keep silent in the classroom. Therefore, if students do not want to express their thought and feelings in speaking, they will get bored easily, and be passive in the classroom activities.

There are some problems of learning English, especially learning speaking in the school. The learners felt difficult in learning speaking that was occurred by some factors. It is supported by Damayanti’s research (2003) was about “A Study

on Students Problems in Learning Speaking at SMAN 1 Kejayan Pasuruan”, she found out that the students had problems in learning speaking. There was 36% having problem in vocabulary, 13% in pronunciation and grammar, the last was 12% in topic. Their ways to solve their problem were: making conversation with their friend everyday, finding the meaning from any news or book, listening to the

3

western music, memorizing some vocabularies, understanding what the teacher explained.

The other reseach conducted by by Athena (2004) about The students’

nonlinguistic problems in learning speaking at second year students on SMP III

Batu”revealed that the problems of learning speaking areunattractive material, and felt a shame to express idea orally, lack of motivation was caused by the monotonous method, uninterested topic and the teacher performance. Next, the unattractive topic was caused by materials which lack of variety and materials which are too difficult. The last, being afraid of using wrong sentences and got criticized by their friend made the learners shame to express their idea orally.

From the explanation above, the researcher wants to investigate about the problems faced by students in learning speaking and also wants to know their strategies to solve the problems at SMA Islam Batu. Moreover, the researcher found a lot of speaking problems in his class after did practical teaching in that school. Thus, he tried to find more about the problems from his experience. Furthermore, the researcher also hopes to get the student’s strategies for finding the solution there in order that English becomes the interesting lesson.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

1. What are the problems faced by the XI grade students in mastering speakingat SMA Islam Batu?

2. What are student’s strategies to cope their problems in mastering speaking at SMA Islam Batu?

4 1.3 Purpose of the Study

1. To know the problems faced by the XI grade students in mastering speakingat SMA Islam Batu.

2. To figure out what the student’s strategies to cope their problems in mastering speaking at SMA Islam Batu.

1.4 Significance of the study 1. Theoretically

The result of the study can be used as input in English teaching andlearning process especially about the students’ problem in learning English Speaking and the result of the study can be used as the reference for those who want to conduct a research in the students’ problem in learning English Speaking. 2. Practically

a. For the teachers:

The result of this study can give the teachers knowledge about the kinds of students’ problem, especially in learning speaking. It can help the teacher to determine the most appropriate method for teaching English speaking and also can be used a reference in solving that problems.

b. For the students:

The result of this study can make the students understand the kind of problems in learning English speaking. Hence, they can determine the appropriate learning strategy for mastering speaking as well.

5 c. For the researchers:

The result of this study can be used as a reference for other researchers who want to conduct a research in the same field.

1.5Scope and Limitation

The research focused on the problems in learning English speaking and the solution to solve those problems. This research is limited at the second grade students of SMA Islam Batu. Thus, the result of this study only generalized or applied to the target population, specifically to the social class of second grade students at SMA Islam Batu.

1.6Definiton of Key Terms

1. Learning is acquiring or getting of knowledge of a subject or a skill by study, experience, or instruction. (Brown, 2000:7).

2. Problem is a difficulty to understand or deal with something.(Oxford, 2010:350).

3. Speaking isthe verbal use of language to communicate with others. (Fulcher, 2003:23).

4. SMA Islam Batu is the name of Islamic senior high school in Batu that would be observed in this study.

i

A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ PROBLEM IN LEARNING ENGLISH SPEAKING AT SMA ISLAM BATU

THESIS

By

SETYO BUDI RAHARJO 201010100311282

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

ii

A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ PROBLEM IN LEARNING ENGLISH SPEAKING AT SMA ISLAM BATU

THESIS

By

SETYO BUDI RAHARJO 201010100311282

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

iii

A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ PROBLEM IN LEARNING ENGLISH

SPEAKING AT SMA ISLAM BATU

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

By

SETYO BUDI RAHARJO 201010100311282

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

iv

This thesis written by Setyo Budi Raharjo was approved on November 12th_{, 2015}

By:

Advisor II, Advisor I,

v

This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

And accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

onNovember12th_{, 2015}

Approved by:

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Dean,

Dr. PoncojariWahyono, M.Kes

Examiners: Signatures:

1. Drs. Soeparto, M.Pd 1………...

2. Drs. Jarum, M.Ed 2………...

3. RahmawatiKhadijahMaro, S.Pd, M.PEd 3.………..

vi

ORIGINALITY DECLARATION

The undersigned:

Name : Setyo Budi Raharjo Student ID number : 201010100311282 Program of Study : English Department

Faculty : Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

I declare that the work presented in this thesis was carried out by myself and does not incorporate without acknowledgement any material previously submitted for a degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my knowledge this thesis does not contain any materials previously publish or written by another person except where due reference is made in text.

Malang, November12th_{, 2015}

vii MOTTO

“

Success is not final, only an achievement

”

“

Live for something or die for nothing

”

DEDICATION:

I dedicate this thesis to: My beloved mother and father, My brother, Andall of my friends.

viii ABSTRACT

A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ PROBLEM IN LEARNING ENGLISH SPEAKING AT SMA ISLAM BATU

Speaking is an ability to express the feeling and idea which is used for communication in daily activities. Based on the information from the teacher, the students still have some problems in speaking English, even though they have been encouraged to use English every day. While the researcher was an internship teacher, he found that his students got difficulty in learning speaking. In relation to that reason, the researcher conducted a study about students’ problems in learning English speaking at SMA Islam Batu. The purposes of this study are: 1) to know the problems faced by the XI grade students in mastering speakingat SMA Islam Batu, 2) to figure out what the student’s strategies to cope their problems in mastering speaking at SMA Islam Batu.

The design of this research was descriptive qualitative research. The research subject in this research was in social class that consisted of 30 students. To collect the data, the writer used observation and questionnaire as instrument to find the data about the students’ problem in learning speaking and also the students’ solution to cope with that problem.

After doing observation and questionnaire, the result showed that the students had problems with their speaking ability, particularly in term of inhibition, nothing to say, low or uneven participation, mother tongue used, speech act (pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and fluency). Furthermore, that result also revealed with the students’solutions of the problems, such as knowing the lesson carefully, remembering more vocabularies, being well prepared, learn more about tenses or correct grammar, being more confident, try to speak English more actively, listen the original pronunciation from the western music, asking the teacher about what difficulty that want to ask and make a discussion with friends to study together.

Keyword: speaking and problem

Malang, October 23rd, 2015

First Advisor The writer

ix

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In the name of Allah SWT who has given us mercy, all praises be to Allah SWT the almighty for the blessing given to the writer during his study and in completing this thesis. May Allah’s peace and blessing be upon the holy prophet Muhammad SAW.

The writer would like to express his sincere gratitude to Rahmawati Khadijah Maro, S.Pd, M.PEd as his first advisor for giving him guidance and help to finish this thesis. Hewould like to extend his sincere thanks to Erly Wahyuni, Dra. M.Si as his second advisor for her patience and suggestion.Hisspecial thank also goes to all lecturers in English Department for their help and kindness.

Hisspecials thankalso goes tohis beloved father, mother and brotherwho always support and pray the best for him. Histhank also goes to all of hisfriends at English Department 2010, especially class F.

.

Malang, November12th_{, 2015}

x

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ... i

LEGALIZATION ... ii

ORIGINALITY DECLARATION ... iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iv

ABSTRACT ... v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problems ... 3

1.3 Purpose of the Study ... 4

1.4Significance of the Study ... 4

1.5 Scope and Limitation... 5

1.6Definition of Key Terms ... 5

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Speaking ... 6

2.2 Teaching Speaking ... 7

2.3Speaking Difficulties ... 7

2.4Some Possible Solutions to Problems in Learning Speaking... ... 8

2.4.1 Solution for the Students………... 8

2.4.2 Solution from the Teacher... 10

2.5 Speaking Act... 11

2.6 Components of Speech Act... 12

2.7 The Importance of Speaking Skill... 13

2.8 Micro and Macro skills of Speaking... 14

2.9Characteristics of Successful Speaking Activity... 16

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH DESIGN 3.1 Research Design ... 18

xi

3.3Research Instrument ... 19

3.3.1 Observation………... 19

3.3.2 Questionnaire... 20

3.4 Data Collection... 21

3.5 Data Analysis... 22

CHAPTER IV: FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Research Findings ... 24

4.1.1 The Problem Faced by Social Class of Second Year at SMA Islam Batu in Learning Speaking... 24

4.1.2 The Students’ Solution of the Problem in Learning Speaking...27

4.2 Discussion... 29

4.2.1 The Students’ Problems in learning speaking... 29

4.2.2The Students’ Solution of the Problem in Learning Speaking... 31

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusion ... 33

5.2Suggestion ... 34

5.2.1 Suggestion for English Teachers...34

5.2.2 Suggestion for the Students...34

5.2.3 Suggestion for Further Researcher...34

REFERENCES……… 35

xii REFERENCES

Amberg, Julie S. And Vause, Deborah J. 2012. American English : History, Structure, and Usage. New York : Cambridge University Press

Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education (8th Edition). Wadsworth: Chengage Learning.

Athena, Terra. 2004. The students’ Nonlinguistic Problems in learning Speaking at

Second year Students on SMPN III Batu. Thesis UMM. Unpublished.

Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Language Assessments: Principles and Classroom Practices (2nd _{Edition). United States of America: Pearson Education, Inc.} Creswell, John W. 2012. Educational Research Planning, Conducting and

Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research Fourt Edition. USA: Pearson Education, Inc.

Damayanti, Evy Royhana. 2003. A study on the students' problems in learning speaking at SMA Negeri 1 kejayan Pasuruan. UMM. Unpublished.

Dawson, Catherine. 2002. Practical Research Methods. Oxford: How to BooksLtd. Febianawati, Restu. 2004. The Problems of Learning Speaking for High School

Students In Malang. Thesis UMM. Unpublished.

Fulcher, Gleen. 2003. Testing Second Language Speaking. Pearson Longman.

Kayi, Hayriye. 2006. Teaching Speaking: Activities to Promote Speaking in a Second Language. University Nevada, USA.

Kharisatul, Nina. 2011. A Study of Student’s Problem in Learning English Speaking

at SMPN 2 Batu. Thesis UMM. Unpublished.

Maxwell, Joseph. A. 2012. A Realist Approach For Qualitative Research. United States of America: SAGE Publication, Inc.

Mcmillan, James H and Schumacher, sally. 1993.Research in Education a Conceptual Introduction. United states of America: halper collins college publisher.

Richard, Jack c and Theodore s. 2001. Approaches and Methods in Languange Teaching. Second Edition. USA. Cambridge University Press.

xiii

Wilkinson, David and Birmingham, Peter. 2003. Using Research Instruments A Guide For Researchers. London and New York: Routledge Falmer.

Ur, Penny. 1996. A course in Language Teaching Practice and Theory. Cambridge University Press.

ABSTRACT

A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ PROBLEM IN LEARNING ENGLISH SPEAKING AT SMA ISLAM BATU

Speaking is an ability to express the feeling and idea which is used for communication in daily activities. Based on the information from the teacher, the students still have some problems in speaking English, even though they have been encouraged to use English every day. While the researcher was an internship teacher, he found that his students got difficulty in learning speaking. In relation to that reason, the researcher conducted a study about students’ problems in learning English speaking at SMA Islam Batu. The purposes of this study are: 1) to know the problems faced by the XI grade students in mastering speakingat SMA Islam Batu, 2) to figure out what the student’s strategies to cope their problems in mastering speaking at SMA Islam Batu.

The design of this research was descriptive qualitative research. The research subject in this research was in social class that consisted of 30 students. To collect the data, the writer used observation and questionnaire as instrument to find the data about the students’ problem in learning speaking and also the students’ solution to cope with that problem.

After doing observation and questionnaire, the result showed that the students had problems with their speaking ability, particularly in term of inhibition, nothing to say, low or uneven participation, mother tongue used, speech act (pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and fluency). Furthermore, that result also revealed with the students’solutions of the problems, such as knowing the lesson carefully, remembering more vocabularies, being well prepared, learn more about tenses or correct grammar, being more confident, try to speak English more actively, listen the original pronunciation from the western music, asking the teacher about what difficulty that want to ask and make a discussion with friends to study together.

Keyword: speaking and problem

Malang, October 23rd, 2015

First Advisor The writer

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In the name of Allah SWT who has given us mercy, all praises be to Allah SWT the almighty for the blessing given to the writer during his study and in completing this thesis. May Allah’s peace and blessing be upon the holy prophet Muhammad SAW.

The writer would like to express his sincere gratitude to Rahmawati Khadijah Maro, S.Pd, M.PEd as his first advisor for giving him guidance and help to finish this thesis. Hewould like to extend his sincere thanks to Erly Wahyuni, Dra. M.Si as his second advisor for her patience and suggestion.Hisspecial thank also goes to all lecturers in English Department for their help and kindness.

Hisspecials thankalso goes tohis beloved father, mother and brotherwho always support and pray the best for him. Histhank also goes to all of hisfriends at English Department 2010, especially class F.

.

Malang, November12th_{, 2015}

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ... i

LEGALIZATION ... ii

ORIGINALITY DECLARATION ... iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iv

ABSTRACT ... v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problems ... 3

1.3 Purpose of the Study ... 4

1.4Significance of the Study ... 4

1.5 Scope and Limitation... 5

1.6Definition of Key Terms ... 5

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Speaking ... 6

2.2 Teaching Speaking ... 7

2.3Speaking Difficulties ... 7

2.4Some Possible Solutions to Problems in Learning Speaking... ... 8

2.4.1 Solution for the Students………... 8

2.4.2 Solution from the Teacher... 10

2.5 Speaking Act... 11

2.6 Components of Speech Act... 12

2.7 The Importance of Speaking Skill... 13

2.8 Micro and Macro skills of Speaking... 14

2.9Characteristics of Successful Speaking Activity... 16

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH DESIGN 3.1 Research Design ... 18

3.3Research Instrument ... 19

3.3.1 Observation………... 19

3.3.2 Questionnaire... 20

3.4 Data Collection... 21

3.5 Data Analysis... 22

CHAPTER IV: FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Research Findings ... 24

4.1.1 The Problem Faced by Social Class of Second Year at SMA Islam Batu in Learning Speaking... 24

4.1.2 The Students’ Solution of the Problem in Learning Speaking...27

4.2 Discussion... 29

4.2.1 The Students’ Problems in learning speaking... 29

4.2.2The Students’ Solution of the Problem in Learning Speaking... 31

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusion ... 33

5.2Suggestion ... 34

5.2.1 Suggestion for English Teachers...34

5.2.2 Suggestion for the Students...34

5.2.3 Suggestion for Further Researcher...34

REFERENCES……… 35

REFERENCES

Amberg, Julie S. And Vause, Deborah J. 2012. American English : History, Structure, and Usage. New York : Cambridge University Press

Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education (8th Edition). Wadsworth: Chengage Learning.

Athena, Terra. 2004. The students’ Nonlinguistic Problems in learning Speaking at

Second year Students on SMPN III Batu. Thesis UMM. Unpublished.

Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Language Assessments: Principles and Classroom Practices (2nd _{Edition). United States of America: Pearson Education, Inc.}

Creswell, John W. 2012. Educational Research Planning, Conducting and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research Fourt Edition. USA: Pearson Education, Inc.

Damayanti, Evy Royhana. 2003. A study on the students' problems in learning speaking at SMA Negeri 1 kejayan Pasuruan. UMM. Unpublished.

Dawson, Catherine. 2002. Practical Research Methods. Oxford: How to BooksLtd. Febianawati, Restu. 2004. The Problems of Learning Speaking for High School

Students In Malang. Thesis UMM. Unpublished.

Fulcher, Gleen. 2003. Testing Second Language Speaking. Pearson Longman.

Kayi, Hayriye. 2006. Teaching Speaking: Activities to Promote Speaking in a Second Language. University Nevada, USA.

Kharisatul, Nina. 2011. A Study of Student’s Problem in Learning English Speaking

at SMPN 2 Batu. Thesis UMM. Unpublished.

Maxwell, Joseph. A. 2012. A Realist Approach For Qualitative Research. United States of America: SAGE Publication, Inc.

Mcmillan, James H and Schumacher, sally. 1993.Research in Education a Conceptual Introduction. United states of America: halper collins college publisher.

Richard, Jack c and Theodore s. 2001. Approaches and Methods in Languange Teaching. Second Edition. USA. Cambridge University Press.

Wilkinson, David and Birmingham, Peter. 2003. Using Research Instruments A Guide For Researchers. London and New York: Routledge Falmer.

Ur, Penny. 1996. A course in Language Teaching Practice and Theory. Cambridge University Press.