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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Method
In this research, the researcher applies a descriptive qualitative method. By using descriptive qualitative method, the researcher only collects,
classifies, analyzes the data and then draws a conclusion. According to Sutopo, in qualitative research, the data collected are in the forms of words, sentences or
pictures, which have meaning rather than numbers or frequencies 2002: 35. A further explanation about qualitative research is also given by Cresswell 1998:
15: “Qualitative research is an inquiry process of understanding based on
distinct methodological traditions of inquiry that explore a social or human problem. The researcher builds a complex, holistic picture,
analyzes words, reports detailed views of information and conducts the
study in a natural setting.” This research also employs a single embedded-case study since the
researcher only focuses on a particular aspect. In this study, the researcher focuses on the analysis of translation techniques and the quality of translation.
B. Data and Source of Data
Data source is the object from which the data are selected for the research. In this study, several data from the document are also completed with
pictures which function to support and to explain the data clearly.
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Sutopo states that the source of data in qualitative research can be informant, event or activity, place and document 2002: 50-54. The data of this
research are taken from two sources, namely: 1.
Documents The document is a written source of data. The document used in this research
as source of data is the novel “Avatar” in English version and the translation version in Indonesian in the same title. “Avatar” is written by James
Cameron. The researcher took the data source from the novel because of the following reasons:
1. Both the source text English and the target text Indonesian are
available. 2.
It was the one of the best seller novels. 3.
There are many noun phrases found in that novel. 2.
Informants The other data sources are informants or the raters who rate the accuracy and
acceptability of the noun phrases translation. The informants have a significant role to check the quality of the translated text. According to
Sutopo, the position of informants in qualitative research is very important because they have the information 2002: 50. Therefore, the researcher
employs the informants to assess the quality of its translation especially the accuracy and the acceptability of its translation. In this research, the data
taken from the three informants were the assessment of the accuracy and the acceptability of the document. The informants rated the degree of the
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accuracy and the acceptability of the document based on certain qualifications given by the researcher.
The informants are selected on the basis of the following criteria: 1.
The informant should master both English and Indonesian. 2.
The informant must graduate from English Department. 3.
The informant should have knowledge of translation. 4.
The informant should have practical experience in translation. The data of this study are the sentences containing the noun phrases and their
translation and the result or the score that are given by the raters, concerning with accuracy and acceptability of the translation to each datum.
C. Technique of Data Collection