Relevant Studies Review of Literature

particularly slang, is one of several forms of behavior that keeps the ground distinct from other groups Britanica, 1959: 766. One of the commonest social grouping is that of people who work together, like student have lab the clipped form of laboratory and gym the clipped form of gymnasium, and the second hand car dealers have creampuffs excellent car. At the same time, slang is being seriously studied by linguist and other social scientist as a revealing index to the culture that produces and uses it. According to the scientific view, slang is part of natural growth of language. A living language must continually change, and some of the changes first appear as slang. Some slangs make the language capable of giving new and delicate shades of meaning to words or add vividness, clarity, and directness to everyday expression Britanica, 1959: 767. Slang has probably always existed and probably always will exist, in all languages at all times Pei, 1967: 189. This thesis is used Eble’s theory to explain about the slang word and phrase. The theory of Lyons is used to find the lexical and contextual meaning. Palmer’s theory is used to explain about the semantic problem especially about the type of semantic change.

2.2 Relevant Studies

Actually the writer is not the first who analyze English or American slang word. First, the study of American English slang word has been conducted by graduated students of English literature faculty of Petra Christian University. The first research belongs to Handayani Wangi 2004 in her research “The Study of the English slangs Universitas Sumatera Utara and the processes that form them in sugar and spice movie”. She describes the formation process of the slang words and found out the most frequent process used in those slang. Second, the study of American slang word has been conducted by graduated students of Humanities Faculty of Diponegoro University, Semarang. They have the same topic but it is different in using theory and has different object to discuss it. This second research belongs to Septika. S. Tobing 2010 in her research “Semantic change and meaning shift analysis on film making terms”. She describe the types of semantic change in film- making terms. Based on the previous study above, the writer is interested in doing the same research concerning to the use of American slangs words in Movie Script, but is different. This study is meant to develop the absence of the topic. It is to identify the characteristic of slang and to describe the lexical meaning of slang word used in movie script. Universitas Sumatera Utara

CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH

3.1 Research Design

Mc Millar and Schumacher 1993:31 describe research design as the plan and structure of the investigation used to obtain evidence to answer research question. The design of this study was descriptive qualitative research; because of this study describe the meaning of slang word in Paul movie script. Slang is a kind of jargon marked by its rejection of formal rules, its comparative freshness and its common ephemerality, and its marked used to claim solidarity. The design describes the procedures for conducting the study, including when, from whom, and under what condition the data will be obtained. In other words, design indicates how the research is done. What happens to the object and what procedure of data collection are used. The purpose of a research design is to provide the most valid, accurate answer possible to research question. The design of this study was descriptive qualitative research. As stated by Gay 1987:11 descriptive research involves collecting data in order to test hypotheses or answer question relates to the current status of the object of the study. A descriptive study determines and reports the thing. It means that descriptive study, the research happen naturally, and the research has no control over the condition and the situation, and can only measure what already exist. To do this thesis entitled “Semantic Analysis of Slang used in PAUL Movie Script”, the writer collects some relevant references such as textbook, theories, and Universitas Sumatera Utara