4.5 Various ways constituents can be dislocated
4.5.1 Preposing a clause subject before the clause conjunction.
Normally, the clause conjunction occurs before the subject. However, at especially high points of thematic development, the subject can be preposed before the conjunction. In 62, after a long
discussion about whether to serve the king or his father-in-law, the man finally decides to serve the latter. This occurs at the climax of the story. Incidentally, this climactic fact is also marked by the
dependent clause 7a which serves to set off 7b–c more stridently. 62
Pre-NO Pre-NI
S V
OC Post-NI
Post-NO
7a [
Uyo musosi iri
akayisaliza]
That man when
he thought to himself
7b [7a]
--- anabona
kwo [7c]
he say that
7c [---
agendi kolera shevyala]
he going serve father-in-law
‘When that man got to thinking, he decided to serve the father-in-law.’ T7 In 63 the thematic problem of the story is introduced. That is, the daughter-in-law is climbing on
her father-in-law’s bed which is taboo, in order to eat the grubs which is selfish. Such things should not be done To mark this especially high thematic point in the story, the subject Uyu muhya ‘This new
wife’ is preposed before the sentence conjunction ikyanya ‘when’. 63
Pre-NO Pre-NI
S V
OC Post-NI Post-NO
4a [
Uyu muhya ikyanya
âli kizi bona kwo
This new wife when she was continuously see
that
4b navyala
ahinga]
mother-in-law was farming
4c [4a-4b]
--- anakizi manula
ikibya kyamagusha
she continuously took down
the bowl of worms
4d ---
anatondeeze ukugalya
and she began to eat them
‘This new wife, at the times when her mother-in-law was farming, she took down the bowl of grubs, and began to eat them.’ T6
4.5.2 Preposing a clause object
The clause object, normally a post-verbal constituent, can be preposed to the front of the clause, to mark points of especially high thematic development. When preposed, the clause object is obligatorily
referenced in the verbal object position within the verb. In 64 the young husband is in a predicament, because his new wife will not get off his back, and
over a month has passed At that point, both lines 25 Yugwo mwazi ‘That news’ and 26 Yabo bashosi ‘Those men’ contain preposed objects. This marks the highly thematic point when the problem is
desperate, just before a solution is to be found.
64
Pre-NO Pre-NI
S V
OC Post-NI
Post-NO
25 Yugwo mwazi
--- banaguhisa
mu bandi bashosi
That news they caused it to arrive
among other men
26a [
Yabo bashosi iri
bakaguyuvwa]
Those men when
they heard it
26b [26a]
--- banadeta
ti [26c]
and they said quote
26c [Yehee
Muzimu yugwo ---
aleeta ]
Oh my dear A demon that one
he brought
‘That news, they brought it to other men. Those men, when they heard it, that said, “O my dear He has brought a demon” ’ T9
In 65 the hikolo ‘little monkey’ is brought to the village where it is hung from a tree. It is at this point that the young man’s maturity the point of the story is about to be demonstrated.
65
Pre-NO Pre-NI
S V
OC Post-NI
Post-NO
14a [
Yihyo hikolo iri
tukahihisa ha kaaya]
That small monkey when we cause it to arrive
at village
14b [14a]
--- twanahimanika
ku kiti
and we hung it from tree
‘That small monkey, we brought it to the village, and hung it from a tree.’ T13
4.5.3 Preposing a locative phrase