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Research Method and Design

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Research Method and Design

The study was conducted through quantitative method and the design is correlational study. This study tends to be a study of correlation because it investigates the correlation between two variables. As stated by Sangadji that correlational research is a type of research with certain characteristic of the problems of the relationship or correlation at least two variables. 1 Variable is the object of the research or what is being noticed in a research. 2 In statistical science, the correlation between two variables is known as bivariate correlation, while the correlation between more than two variables is known as multivariate correlation. Since the correlation study searches for whether or not there is a correlation between two variables or more, the correlation between two variables can be a positive correlation and negative correlation. 3 A study has a positive correlation when two variables or more move in tandem. It means if the X variable decreases, the Y variable also decreases and vice versa. However, a study has a negative correlation when one variable decreases, while the others increase and vice versa. In this research, bivariate correlation is used. There are two variables that are researched. Those are independent and dependent variables. In this research, the independent variable or the variable that explains and affects another variable is “Listening comprehension mastery” or usually known as X variable. For the dependent variable or the variable that being affected by the independent one is “speaking ability” or usually known as Y variable. 1 Etta Mamang Sangadji, Metodologi Penelitian, Yogyakarta: Andi Yogyakarta, 2010, p.71. 2 Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek,Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 1996, p.99. 3 Drs. Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: Rajawali, 2006, p.167. 27

B. Time and Place of the Research

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