Research Method RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the method that is used in this research. This chapter consists of six sections, namely research method, research setting, research subject, research instruments and data gathering techniques, data analysis techniques and research procedure. The first part of this chapter is research method. In this part, the researcher describes the type of the method that is used in this research. The second part is research setting which describes the place and the date when the research was conducted. The third part is research subject which tells about who the partipants or the objects of the study were. The researcher also explains the method of the sampling that was conducted in this research. The fourth part of this chapter is the research instruments and data gathering techniques. This part discusses the research instruments and the techniques of collecting data that was used in this research. The fifth part is the research procedure. In this part, the researcher discusses the steps that were implemented when conducting this research.

A. Research Method

This research aims to investigate the problems that were faced by English Language Education Study Program students in implementing Scientific Approach during Practice Teaching Program. Therefore, the researcher chose PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 28 qualitative research as the method of this study. According to Ary et al. 2010, the data in qualitative research are in the form of words and images. Those words and images are the data that will be used to answer the research question. Hence, this study was to investigate and understand a phenomenon by focusing on what the respondents experienced. Ary et al. 2010 add that qualitative researchers always focus on total pictures and do not break it down into variables. Furthermore, Merriam 2009 says that in qualitative research, the data collected in the form of words or images rather than numbers. It was in line with Fraenkel and Wallen 2009 which say that one of the characteristics of qualitative research is that the data are collected in the form of words or pictures. In addition, the researcher analyzed the data inductively which means that the researcher did not formulate a hypothesis before conducting the research. It is in line with other characteristic of a qualitative research which says that qualitative researchers should construct a picture that takes shape as they collect and examine the parts. In other words, they did not construct a picture that they had known before Bogdan Biklen, 2003. In addition, the idea of this study is to seek out participants’ problems when implementing Scientific Approach during Practice Teaching Program. The researcher wanted to describe the problems faced by the participants when implementing Scientific Approach in this study. Therefore, the researcher used qualitative descriptive research as the method of this study. According to Gall, Gall, and Borg 2003, descriptive research is similarly important in education and it is a research that is involved in making careful descriptions of educational PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 29 phenomena. A descriptive research study could use both qualitative and quantitative approach. Hence, when planning a descriptive research study, researchers should be familiar with both qualitative and quantitative approach and also description so that researchers can choose the best approach that suits to their purposes. Because of that reason, after having the research question, the researcher chose qualitative approach and descriptive research study as the best approach. The research question of this research is “what are the problems faced by ELESP students when implementing Scientific Approach during Practice Teaching Program? ” This type of question is suited to descriptive research study. According to Gall, Gall, and Borg 2003, in descriptive research, a question type of “what is” is very concerned with the nature of descriptive study. Furthermore, in this study, the researcher used survey to collect the data. According to Fraenkel and Wallen 2009, when conducting survey, researchers can get respondents’ opinion, belief, experience, and perception. Since, this study aimed to get respondents ’ experience in implementing Scientific Approach, so the researcher chose survey as the data collection method.

B. Research Setting