Theory of Conflict Review of Related Theories

classified to find how far the anxiety brings impacts to her. The main character who suffers bad impacts because of her anxiety are analyzed using the theory of neurosis.

B. Review of Related Theories

This part contains reviews of relevant theories applied to this paper. There are two theories as the solution in solving the problem formulation mentioned before. There are theory of conflict and psychology theory. The theories used are mostly based on Koesnosoebroto and Sto ne’s book.

1. Theory of Conflict

Conflict is one of the intrinsic elements of literature. Conflict is defined as a situation when forces oppose a person. Holman and Harmon 1986: 107 say in A Handbook to Literature, “the struggle that grows out of the interplay of the opposing forces is usually a person, or, if an animal or an inanimate object is treated as though it were a person.” The forces of conflict occurred are between individual, larger group, and even in abstract form as Robert and Jacobs define a conflict as: the opposition of two people. They may fight, argue, enlist, help against each other, and otherwise carry on their opposition. Conflicts may also exist between larger group of people, although in fiction conflicts between individuals are more identifiable and therefore more interesting. Conflicts may also exist between individual and larger forces, ideas, modes of behavior, public opinion, and the like Robert and Jacobs, 1987:87-88. Conflict is categorized into internal and external. In The Anatomy of Prose Fiction book, Drs. Sunaryono Basuki Koesnosoebroto explains: Conflict may be external or internal. Internal conflict between aspects of the personality, or external conflict between a person and an external force another person, society, environment, nature, the universe, God Koesnosoebroto, 1988:43. From the quotation above, the external conflict is influenced by a person to person, society, environment, nature, the universe, and God. However, this paper only uses the external conflicts that have been explained by Koesnosoebroto, there are: a. Man-against-Man This conflict involves a person opposing another person. In the novel, generally, the character has conflict toward another character. The possibilities also exist that the character opposes other characters. b. Man-against-Environment A person in this conflict has an opposing idea with the law of her surroundings. The opposing ideas here could be ideology, law, and custom of people. Meanwhile, the internal conflict which is applied is between man and himself. This conflict brings a person to struggle with his own idea. This conflict comes with bad ideas. As human has conscience of ego, he will fight the bad impulse naturally.

2. Theory of Anxiety