C. Method of the Study
This research is considered to be a library research since it is conducted by observing the literary work in the form of written docum
ent. Tennessee William‟s Summer and Smoke 1948 play script stands as the primary data of the research.
Additionally, the secondary data includes the data which are taken as the related theories and studies. The source of related theories is acquired and compiled from
several books, such as Huffman and Vernoy‟s 2000 Psychology in Action,
Reaske‟s 1966 How to Analyze Drama and Holman Harmon‟s 2003 A Handbook to Literature. Apart from that, the source data of related studies are
obtained from undergraduate thesis, journals and reviews. To be able to conduct the research, several steps were performed. Firstly,
the researcher read the whole play. While reading the whole play, she found an interesting aspect worthy of discussion and further study, Alma
Winemiller‟s character change. After doing further analysis, it was found that the character
transformation of Alma Winemiller was correlated with the operation of defense mechanisms as she was facing her internal conflict. Finding this hypothesis, three
questions were formulated as the problem formulation. This step represents the second step. The third step was marked by finding the data from the theories and
studies related to the conducted research. The source of data was acquired from books, undergraduate thesis, journal, review and reliable Internet sources. Then,
the compilation of information from related theories and studies were applied while conducting the analysis. The information from the primary data was also
required in order to give sufficient background to the topic discussed. This was regarded as the fourth step. The last step was done by drawing conclusion from
the analysis. The conclusion was formulated by answering the three questions stated in the problem formulation with a compact and brief explanation.
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
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