ANALYZING VERB PATTERN IN READING TEXT IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK ‘GROW WITH ENGLISH’ AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF THE SIXTH GRADE

i

ANALYZING VERB PATTERN IN READING TEXT

IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK ‘GROW WITH ENGLISH’

AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF THE SIXTH GRADE

THESIS

By:

HANIFAH AL HIDAYAH 08360120

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

ii

ANALYZING VERB PATTERN IN READING TEXT

IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK ‘GROW WITH ENGLISH’

AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF THE SIXTH GRADE

THESIS

By

HANIFAH AL HIDAYAH

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

iii

ANALYZING VERB PATTERN IN READING TEXT

IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK ‘GROW WITH ENGLISH’

AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF THE SIXTH GRADE

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree English Education

By

HANIFAH AL HIDAYAH 08360120

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

vi

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

S

esungguhnya

sesudah kesulitan itu ada kemudahan

(QS. Al Insyirah:6)

D i penghujung setiap malam ada pagi yang cerah

D i balik setiap bukit ada taman yang indah

D i balik batu yang besar ada mata air yang sejuk

Setelah perjalanan jauh ada sungai yang mengalir jernih

Setelah kelelahan ada peristirahatan yang nyaman

Setelah kesedihan ada kebahagian

DEDICATION: I dedicated this thesis to:

My beloved mother, My brother and sisters, My lovely husband and children, My friends,

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alhamdulillah, the writer would like to thank to Allah Swt. for blessing and merciful given so that the writer could finish this thesis. The writer also wants to send sholawat and greeting to his beloved prophet, Muhammad SAW, as the messenger of Allah who has showed the lightness era.

The researcher realizes that there are so many persons who are involved in the process of completing this thesis. Here she would like to express his gratitude to the persons who are involved, they are:

1. Drs. Soeparto, M.Pd. his first advisor and Drs. Estu Widodo, M.Hum. her second advisor, for their suggestions, invaluable guidance and advice during the consultation period, and their comments and correction during the completion this thesis.

2. Her beloved mother Hj. Nur Solechah S. Pd who always give her support, prayers and affection to her.

3. Her brother Moch.Fuad fachrudin SE and her sister Farida Nur Azizah S.Pd and Hamida Rahmawati SE. thanks for your motivation,advise and prayer to her. 4. Her husband Muhammad Munajad who always gives support and motivation to

the writer, thanks for your patience and love.

5. Her children Neysa Sabrina Azalia and Bilqis Karima Adzakiyah you are my spirit.

Finally, she expects that this thesis would be very helpful for the next research that will be done.

Malang, October 30, 2012

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ... i

LEGALIZATION ... iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... vii

ABSTRACT ... viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... ix

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Problem of the study ... 3

1.3 Purpose of the Study ... 3

1.3 Significance of the Study ... 4

1.4 Scope and Limitation ... 4

1.5 Definition of Key Terms... 5

CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Sentence ... 6

2.2 Verb and Verb Pattern ... 10

2.3 Text ... 26

2.4 Previous Studies ... 28

CHAPTER III :RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ... 31

3.2 Object of the Study ... 32

3.3 Data Source ... 32

3.4 Research Instrument ... 32

3.5 Data Collection & Data Analysis ... 33

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CHAPTER IV : RESEACRH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

4.1 Findings ... 34

4.1.1 The verb patterns found in the Research... 34

4.1.2 The most verb patterns Used in the Research ... 40

4.2 Discussion ... 41

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESSTIONS 5.1 Conclusions ... 44

5.2 Suggestions ... 45

BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIXES

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Aijimer, Karin, and Sterstrom, Anna-Brita. 2004. Discourse Patterns in Spoken and Written Corpora. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamin Publishing Company.

Altenberg, Evelyn P and Robert M. Vago. 2010. English Grammer Understanding the Basic.

Azar, Betty Schrampfer. 1999. Understanding and Using English Grammar. Third Edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Regent.

Bogdan, R. C.&Biklen, S. K. 2002. Qualitative Research in Education: An Introduction to Theory and Methods (3rded.). Boston: Allyn Bacon.

Brown, Gillian and Yule, George.2008. Discourse Analysis. New York:Cambridge University Press.

Creswell, John W. 2009. Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approach. Third Edition. London: S.AGE Publications.

Eiskarina, Adina Intsia. 2004. Analyzing Verb Patterns Used in TOEFL Based on Hornby’s Theory. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: STIBA Malang.

Greenbaum, Sidney and Gerald Nelson. 2002. An Introduction to English.

Hornby, A.S. 1995. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. London: Oxford University Press.

Langan, John. 2009. Exploring Writing: Sentences and Paragraphs. New York : Mc Graw-Hill.

Mas’ulah, W. 2008. Analyzing Verb Pattern In Reading Texts English National Examination 2008 At Senior High School Based On Hornby’s Theory.

Unpublished Thesis.UIN Malang.

Mawarti, Nila. 2006. Analyzing Verb Pattern Found in Charlotte Bronte’s “Jane Eyre” Using Hornby’s Theory. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: STIBA Malang.

xi

Miles, Mattew B and Huberman, Michael. 1994. Qualitative Data Analysis. London: SAGE Publications.

Sobur, Alex. 2004. AnalisisTeks Media. Bandung: PT RemajaRosdakarya.

Susanti, Dwi. 2005. A Study on the Verb Patterns of Sentences Used in the Elementary School English Books. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: STIBA. Vespoor, Marjolijn, Kim Sauter. 2000. Sentence Analiysis An Introductory Course. Warriner, John E.2008. English Grammar and Composition. New York:

Harcourt,Brace, and World, Inc.

1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents background of the study, problems of the study, objectives of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, and definition of the key terms.

1.1Background of the Study

A verb is defined as a word or phrase indicating an action, an event, or a state. It consists of regular verb, irregular verb, modal/phrasal verbs, and transitive/intransitive verbs . Verb is an important part of sentence after subject and also most connection with tense in grammatical form of verb. According to Frank (in Mas’ulah, 2008:1), verb is the most complex part of speech. He says that the verb does not only have grammatical properties of person and number, properties which require agreement with the subject, but also several other grammatical properties that are shared with no other part of speech. These properties are tense, voice, mood, and aspect.

Each sentence is arranged by words together, it has certain pattern, such as noun pattern, adjective pattern, and et cetera. Verb of each sentence has also certain pattern because a sentence using patterns will be clear to understand. (Mas’ulah, 2008:1) says that knowledge of how to put words together in the right order is as important as a knowledge of their meanings. The most important pattern is verb. Grammatically, the verbs have a certain pattern, usually called formal verb the

2

beginner is more attracted to use the formal verbs because their patterns are easier than the patterns used informal or colloquial style.

Based on the characteristics and classification of verb and verb pattern above, this study would like to analyze verb patterns used in reading texts that is found in some English textbooks at Elementary school. This study chooses reading texts in English textbook of Elementary school of the sixth grade because reading comprehension is very needed by the students to increase their knowledge.One of important parts how it can be done is through understanding about the verb patterns in the sentences in reading texts. In doing so, the students can read English texts easily and they can implement as aphorism “reading is the window of the world”.

There are some previous studies which have similar discussion with the present study. The first study is conducted by Eiskarina (2004). She focused her study on analyzing verb pattern used in the TOEFL book by Barron (2001) in listening section. She found out that from 25 main patterns, there are 10 verb patterns and there are 4 verb patterns which are used in the TOEFL book in listening section. Whereas, verb patterns mostly appear is verb pattern 15 (S + Vt + noun/pronoun [DO] + Adverb [phrase]). Another preceding writer similar to this study was also conducted by Susanti (2005) that analyzed verb pattern used in the elementary school English book 5. She found out that verb pattern used in the elementary school English book 6 is verb pattern 1 (S + V + DO) because this form is very simple and easy to understand by elementary students. Then, the other is Mawarti (2006), who also studied about verb patterns used in Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre. She found out that there are 11 verb

3

patterns based on Hornby’s theory appears in Charlotte Bronte’s “Jane Eyre” and verb pattern mostly appears is verb pattern 9 (S + Vt + Clause).

Based on the previous study above, most studies discusses about verb patterns in different topics. This study discusses about verb patterns used in English textbook, especially in reading texts. It is important to analyze since it is very useful to increase the student’s knowledge through reading. Therefore, the writer is interested in “Analyzing Verb Pattern in Reading Texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade”.

1.2Problems of the Study

Based on the background of the study above, this study is intended to answer the following problems:

1. What verb patterns found in reading texts in Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade ?

2. What verb patterns are mostly found in reading texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade?

1.3 Purpose of the Study

Concerning with the previous problems of the study,the purposes of the study are:

1. To describe the verb patterns found in reading texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade.

2. To know the verb pattern which are mostly found in reading texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade.

4

1.4 Significance of the Study

This thesis is expected to be able to provide contribution both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, the study is expected to be able to give a valuable contribution to the field of syntax, especially grammar.

Practically, this study is hoped to give valuable contribution for the English teachers, English students, and next researchers. For the English teacher, it is expected that they can explain to the students about verb patterns mostly appear in reading texts. For the English students, it is expected that they will understand more about verb patterns often used in reading texts. If they understand the meaning of the grammar in the reading texts, they can be more interested in reading and they can apply an aphorism of “reading is the window of the world”. The last, for the next researchers, this study is expected can be used as a consideration in choosing the area of verb patterns study in the future.

1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The scope of this study is analyzing verb patterns in the reading texts of English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade.” This study is intended to identify, classify, and analyze the verb patterns in reading texts in Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade.

This study is limited on reading texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade especially sentences which are appropriate with types of sentence and verb patterns in English. Reading texts are studied because reading comprehension is very needed by the students to increase their

5

knowledge, especially in English reading texts. In addition, this study is focused on analyzing verb patterns in the reading texts of English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade because the English reading text still up to date. Therefore, the more actual and fresh data hopefully can be obtained.

1.6Definition of the Key Terms

To avoid misunderstanding about some basic concepts of this study, there are some explanations that can help the reader to understand the key terms used in this study.

a. Verb patterns : different patterns of verb in grammatical rules.

b. Reading text : A reading material wich used as a means of teaching reading class (Lucas, 1990).

c. Textbook : A most common information source used in the classroom (Callahan and Clark,2006).

d. Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade : One of the English textbooks that contains several meaningful reading texts.

e. Erlangga : One of text book publishers which published the text book under investigation

xi

Miles, Mattew B and Huberman, Michael. 1994. Qualitative Data Analysis. London: SAGE Publications.

Sobur, Alex. 2004. AnalisisTeks Media. Bandung: PT RemajaRosdakarya.

Susanti, Dwi. 2005. A Study on the Verb Patterns of Sentences Used in the Elementary School English Books. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: STIBA. Vespoor, Marjolijn, Kim Sauter. 2000. Sentence Analiysis An Introductory Course.

Warriner, John E.2008. English Grammar and Composition. New York: Harcourt,Brace, and World, Inc.

1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents background of the study, problems of the study, objectives of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, and definition of the key terms.

1.1Background of the Study

A verb is defined as a word or phrase indicating an action, an event, or a state. It consists of regular verb, irregular verb, modal/phrasal verbs, and transitive/intransitive verbs . Verb is an important part of sentence after subject and also most connection with tense in grammatical form of verb. According to Frank (in Mas’ulah, 2008:1), verb is the most complex part of speech. He says that the verb does not only have grammatical properties of person and number, properties which require agreement with the subject, but also several other grammatical properties that are shared with no other part of speech. These properties are tense, voice, mood, and aspect.

Each sentence is arranged by words together, it has certain pattern, such as noun pattern, adjective pattern, and et cetera. Verb of each sentence has also certain pattern because a sentence using patterns will be clear to understand. (Mas’ulah, 2008:1) says that knowledge of how to put words together in the right order is as important as a knowledge of their meanings. The most important pattern is verb. Grammatically, the verbs have a certain pattern, usually called formal verb the

2

beginner is more attracted to use the formal verbs because their patterns are easier than the patterns used informal or colloquial style.

Based on the characteristics and classification of verb and verb pattern above, this study would like to analyze verb patterns used in reading texts that is found in some English textbooks at Elementary school. This study chooses reading texts in English textbook of Elementary school of the sixth grade because reading comprehension is very needed by the students to increase their knowledge.One of important parts how it can be done is through understanding about the verb patterns in the sentences in reading texts. In doing so, the students can read English texts easily and they can implement as aphorism “reading is the window of the world”.

There are some previous studies which have similar discussion with the present study. The first study is conducted by Eiskarina (2004). She focused her study on analyzing verb pattern used in the TOEFL book by Barron (2001) in listening section. She found out that from 25 main patterns, there are 10 verb patterns and there are 4 verb patterns which are used in the TOEFL book in listening section. Whereas, verb patterns mostly appear is verb pattern 15 (S + Vt + noun/pronoun [DO] + Adverb [phrase]). Another preceding writer similar to this study was also conducted by Susanti (2005) that analyzed verb pattern used in the elementary school English book 5. She found out that verb pattern used in the elementary school English book 6 is verb pattern 1 (S + V + DO) because this form is very simple and easy to understand by elementary students. Then, the other is Mawarti (2006), who also studied about verb patterns used in Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre. She found out that there are 11 verb

patterns based on Hornby’s theory appears in Charlotte Bronte’s “Jane Eyre” and verb pattern mostly appears is verb pattern 9 (S + Vt + Clause).

Based on the previous study above, most studies discusses about verb patterns in different topics. This study discusses about verb patterns used in English textbook, especially in reading texts. It is important to analyze since it is very useful to increase the student’s knowledge through reading. Therefore, the writer is interested in “Analyzing Verb Pattern in Reading Texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade”.

1.2Problems of the Study

Based on the background of the study above, this study is intended to answer the following problems:

1. What verb patterns found in reading texts in Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade ?

2. What verb patterns are mostly found in reading texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade?

1.3 Purpose of the Study

Concerning with the previous problems of the study,the purposes of the study are: 1. To describe the verb patterns found in reading texts in English Textbook “Grow

with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade.

2. To know the verb pattern which are mostly found in reading texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade.

4

1.4 Significance of the Study

This thesis is expected to be able to provide contribution both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, the study is expected to be able to give a valuable contribution to the field of syntax, especially grammar.

Practically, this study is hoped to give valuable contribution for the English teachers, English students, and next researchers. For the English teacher, it is expected that they can explain to the students about verb patterns mostly appear in reading texts. For the English students, it is expected that they will understand more about verb patterns often used in reading texts. If they understand the meaning of the grammar in the reading texts, they can be more interested in reading and they can apply an aphorism of “reading is the window of the world”. The last, for the next researchers, this study is expected can be used as a consideration in choosing the area of verb patterns study in the future.

1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The scope of this study is analyzing verb patterns in the reading texts of English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade.” This study is intended to identify, classify, and analyze the verb patterns in reading texts in Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade.

This study is limited on reading texts in English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade especially sentences which are appropriate with types of sentence and verb patterns in English. Reading texts are studied because reading comprehension is very needed by the students to increase their

knowledge, especially in English reading texts. In addition, this study is focused on analyzing verb patterns in the reading texts of English Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade because the English reading text still up to date. Therefore, the more actual and fresh data hopefully can be obtained.

1.6Definition of the Key Terms

To avoid misunderstanding about some basic concepts of this study, there are some explanations that can help the reader to understand the key terms used in this study.

a. Verb patterns : different patterns of verb in grammatical rules.

b. Reading text : A reading material wich used as a means of teaching reading class (Lucas, 1990).

c. Textbook : A most common information source used in the classroom (Callahan and Clark,2006).

d. Textbook “Grow with English” at Elementary School of the Sixth Grade : One of the English textbooks that contains several meaningful reading texts.

e. Erlangga : One of text book publishers which published the text book under investigation