FINDINGS AND DESIGN GUIDELINES

FINDINGS AND DESIGN GUIDELINES

5.0 INTRODUCTION In this final chapter, the author will discuss the conceptual development based

on synthesis that has been done previously. This chapter will explain, the output of the study in the form of design, guidelines or technical skills. Some of the materials include conceptual development, master plan, supporting images, and sectional perspective. Thus, all these illustrations and the solutions based on aim and objective of the study.

5.1 DESIGN AIM The study aims are to enhance Gunung Lang natural landscape element as geo-tourism

spot through geological and ecological approach.

5.2 DESIGN OBJECTIVES

I. To understand and identify Gunung Lang characteristics that are suitable for tourism for attraction and public activities.

II. To enhance the natural elements and spaces for the public use and stimulate healthy community growth.

III. To provide a master plan for Gunung Lang Recreational Park as a Geotourism centre for Geopark Lembah Kinta.

5.3 CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT Basically, the conceptual development is where the idea of design proposal

generated. The overall concept development of GLRP is focused on giving a new image to the site study. Also preserving and enhancing its natural characteristics using geological and ecological approach.The conceptual development is also a process to explore the theme and design development based on the design core areas.

Figure 12.8: Conceptual Development Process Source: author

The figure above shows the process of the conceptual development of Geo Park at Gunung Lang Recreational Park. The Gunung Lang Recreational Park serves as a well know public space for Ipoh city folks. The transformation of GLRP as Geo Park may improve the use of geological features of limestone rock and also will give a new image to GLRP as geotourism hotspot in Perak. In addition, the approach is applied for the benefit geological features especially at Gunung Lang limestone wall and wetland/ swamp areas in the island area. By applying geological approach, it will increase awareness to the community about natural hazards, limestone products and unique natural features.

5.3.1 CONCEPT

Figure 12.9: Living Nature concept. Source: author

The concept is inspired by the strength and potential of GLRP. The 4 potential natural element in GLRP is lake/ pond, limestone hills, forest reserve and wetland. These 4 natural elements create a diversity of ecosystem which represents the Nature word. Meanwhile, the Living word is represented as an act as a habitat/place for both human and animals to leisure and experiencing The concept is inspired by the strength and potential of GLRP. The 4 potential natural element in GLRP is lake/ pond, limestone hills, forest reserve and wetland. These 4 natural elements create a diversity of ecosystem which represents the Nature word. Meanwhile, the Living word is represented as an act as a habitat/place for both human and animals to leisure and experiencing

5.4 THEME DEVELOPMENT

A theme is an idea or topic scope expanded in the design concept. The theme also the particular subject or idea in which the style of something that will guide the design process. The theme development is related to the concept development

5.4.1 THEME

Figure 13: Geopark Gateway theme. Source: Author

The theme is inspired from existing geopark features and tourism gateway in Ipoh. This is because the park itself is a popular tourist hotspot in Ipoh and the existing geopark features like a cave, limestone hills, lake and forest reserve make it a complete package for geopark lovers to gain geo experience. The design will include informative centre, signage, in order to tell the user about the geological characteristic of Gunung Lang and to restore the geological features.

Projection towards the geological feature in the park also need physical or visual linkage. Also, it leads the user to appreciate the geological value of the park. In addition, the cultural outcome is geo-tourism, geo product and geo trail which can create a new activity for Geopark Lembah Kinta.

5.5 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT In the design development stage, the process includes the functional diagram,

conceptual diagram, and programming diagram in order to come out with master plan design.

5.5.1 CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM Below shows conceptual diagram derived from the inspiration of natural elements in GLRP. All the coloured zoning in the design will symbolize the space characteristics which is active + strong + thrilling elements.

Signage Scenery

Community Preservation

+ + Outdoor Activity

Extreme Cave

+ History

+ Protect Figure 13.1: Conceptual Diagram Source: Author

5.5.2 FUNCTIONAL and PROGRAMMING DIAGRAM

A functional and programming diagram will indicate the functions and the relationship between the spaces by following the concept that has been proposed. It also is a plan to identify the proximity and size of zones of activity. This process is a guideline for the identification of spaces that will be injected into the design of the recreational park.

Bridge construction based on topography

Extreme activity with wide scenery

Interact between signage

Public transport shelter Enhance experiences of geopark

and seating area

Geo trail and

entrance statement

Integrated space

Geology Garden

with seating area

Main attraction

Provide linkage to

(preserve and protect)

enhance geo trail

Dangerous cliff faces provide natural boulder trap

Geological

Scenery and

Exposure

elevated structure Cave experience

Outdoor social space.

Upgrading Mini Zoo

Figure 13.2: Conceptual Diagram

Source: Author

From the functional and programming diagram above, the overall spaces is divided into 3 zones which is Zone 1 (Geo Wall), Zone 2 (Geo Experience) and Zone 3 (Geo Camp). These 3 zones is connected to each other to make successful geopark.

5.5.3 PRELIMINARIES PLAN This preliminary master plan is to show an early design that have been done based from the conceptual, functional and programming process. Preliminaries is a plan preparation before producing a final master plan. It

will detailing in term of form and spaces organization and connection between spaces. It is also prepared in scale so that it matches the existing features in site.

Plan 3.8: Preliminary masterplan of Gunung Lang Recreational Park. Source: Author

5.5.3.1 DESIGN APPROACH The design approach for creating a successful geo park is through guidelines and principles from local authorities. The related guidelines and principles used is Demarcation of Safety Zones in the Vicinity of Limestone Hills publish by (Jabatan Mineral dan Galian) JMG Malaysia and (Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar) KSAS published by Ipoh local state authority in (Rancangan Tempatan Daerah Ipoh 2020) RTD. This guidelines will help protect the limestone hills and its surrounding vicinity from unplanned development and geo hazards.

Figure 13.3: The section above shows KSAS table and Demarcation of Safety Zones in Vicinity of Limestone hills infographic. Source: Author From the above section, both guidelines should be implement at site study. This is because the natural characteristics of GLRP has a high sensitivity towards urban development and also has a high geo hazards towards community that live near to limestone vicinity. Boulder trap should be proposed in design to prevent any casualties if the geo hazard occurs.

5.5.3.2 DESIGN IDEAS Below shows the preliminaries design ideas that may be implemented into proposed design. The idea sketches are focusing in specific structures and elements based issues and problem statements. There are also borrowed images from varies resources that are referred to geological design that will be inspiration and foundation of proposed design. The example shown are like the new proposed entrance of GLRP which focuses in creating new image by applying natural limestone at entrance statement to give a cave look alike. Also the proposed flying fox structure implemented on large limestone boulder want to show user overall view of GLRP and at the same time create extreme activity. Meanwhile the proposed hanging structure at IPOH signage which give thrill and excitement to user to gain beautiful view of Ipoh limestone hills skyline and Gunung Lang itself.

Figure 13.4: Entrance statement design ideas.

Figure 13.5: Side view of flying fox structure.

Figure 13.6: Sketches showing overall structure of flying

fox activity. Source: author.

Figure 13.7: Simple section show hanging glass walk at IPOH signage. Source: author.

Figure 13.8: Geology gardens Monash University. Source: Figure 13.9: Rock climbing activity.

www.rushwright.com.

Source: perakxgames.com

5.6 OVERALL LANDSCAPE MASTERPLAN

Plan 3.9: Overall masterplan Source: author

The overall landscape masterplan consists of the Gunung Lang, Gunung Bilike and GLRP. Gunung Lang limestone hills are highlighted, is to prevent any unplanned development that may harm the Gunung Lang. There are 3 main zones in this masterplan. The zones are Zone 1 (Geo Wall), Zone 2 (Geo Experience) and Zone 3 (Geo Camp). Each zones has its own speciality that are derived from the main activity in the park.

5.6.1 LANDSCAPE MASTERPLAN

Plan 4.0 : Masterplan of Gunung Lang Recreational Park Source: author

This is the masterplan of Gunung Lang Recreational Park. The existing facilities are coloured in white and most of them are maintained and repaired to give aesthetic value to the park and also act as a node in the park. These 3 zone has been enhanced with many activities that can be explored by the targeted users. While user exploring the park, they will experience the new image of GLRP in geo park perspectives. Newly This is the masterplan of Gunung Lang Recreational Park. The existing facilities are coloured in white and most of them are maintained and repaired to give aesthetic value to the park and also act as a node in the park. These 3 zone has been enhanced with many activities that can be explored by the targeted users. While user exploring the park, they will experience the new image of GLRP in geo park perspectives. Newly

5.6.1.1 Zone 1 (Geo Wall) Zone 1 (Geo Wall) covers an area of 73,000 m 3 and the existing strength of this

zone is the man made waterfall, jetty and limestone wall of Gunung Lang. The new attraction at this zone is the geology garden beside the existing parking space. The existing area was called ‘Laman Perak’ which decorated with small nipah Malay house that act as shelter an attraction and several seating space under a shady tree. However the condition of the malay house is very bad and give no sense of attraction. By applying geology garden, visitors can learn and understand about lithology of Perak and attract new interest among youngsters. The geological garden also act as a medium for student and researchers to analyse and integrate with the rock sample which can become outdoor classes.

However the terms Geo Wall refers to Gunung Lang Limestone wall because of its beautiful karts topography has attract many visitors to come to GLRP. The new activity related to the natural limestone wall is extreme activity which is flying fox and rock climbing. This activity is targeted for adult and teenagers that craving for thrill and excitement. The flying fox is located on the large boulder of limestone that connect rock climbing wall. The length of the flying fox from one to another is 125 meters and the visitors can fly through to see the green mound, playground area and small pond. The rock climbing also is one the main attraction in this zone. Due to challenging course of climbing and beautiful scenery, medical and equipment bay is proposed to overcome any disasters that may come during the activity. Also the height of natural rock climbing wall is 80 meters from ground. Besides, the connection between the park and the surrounding community has been improve by providing pedestrian entrance that is located near to GLRP exit. The new connection also will ease the accessibility of visitors from taxi and bus hub. There is also a new attraction behind the man-made waterfall which are designed specialize for pre wedding photoshoot and visitors. The purpose of the space is to create an intimate space However the terms Geo Wall refers to Gunung Lang Limestone wall because of its beautiful karts topography has attract many visitors to come to GLRP. The new activity related to the natural limestone wall is extreme activity which is flying fox and rock climbing. This activity is targeted for adult and teenagers that craving for thrill and excitement. The flying fox is located on the large boulder of limestone that connect rock climbing wall. The length of the flying fox from one to another is 125 meters and the visitors can fly through to see the green mound, playground area and small pond. The rock climbing also is one the main attraction in this zone. Due to challenging course of climbing and beautiful scenery, medical and equipment bay is proposed to overcome any disasters that may come during the activity. Also the height of natural rock climbing wall is 80 meters from ground. Besides, the connection between the park and the surrounding community has been improve by providing pedestrian entrance that is located near to GLRP exit. The new connection also will ease the accessibility of visitors from taxi and bus hub. There is also a new attraction behind the man-made waterfall which are designed specialize for pre wedding photoshoot and visitors. The purpose of the space is to create an intimate space

5.6.1.2 Zone 2 (Geo Experience) In Zone 2 (Geo Experience) refers to stimulating the human senses. Human have

5 senses that can be used to experience Geo Experience in this zones. The existing strength of this zone is the jetty building, viewing tower, Plaza Warisan and petting zoo. A new connection is provided from Zone 1 to Zone 2 via boardwalk. This is because, user have no choice but to take boat ride to zone 2. By proposing the physical connection, users have option to walk along the boardwalk or take the boat ride. The length of the boardwalk is 300 meters from one point to another. Also the petting zoo has been enhance from it amenities and facilities to ensure visitors comfortable and enjoy the environment. The cage animals also is taken care with certificate veterinary to ensure the health of the animals.

The petting zoo also provide shelter area for family to rest during a long walk in the park. Besides petting zoo, the sand dune area is a new attraction in the park and is targeted for children that needs for adventure and fun. This area is dedicated for children to explore and learn new things from the equipment provided in the sand dune area. The Maze also has its own attraction because of its green lush hedge (Schefflera arboricola). This maze has a height of 2 feet which enable children to explore and get lost in the maze. At the same time, enable parents to notice their children in the maze play area. Lastly, the new attraction is the Sunken Island Plaza which was a bored and lame Plaza Warisan that act as a centre of the park. The existing Malay traditional house is maintained in order to create a 3 small communal space for visitors to interact with each house individually. At the centre of the plaza, a mimicking green island is created that provide a shelter for user to rest. Also the 2 path that intersect at the plaza give a clear view from wetland boardwalk and cat fish The petting zoo also provide shelter area for family to rest during a long walk in the park. Besides petting zoo, the sand dune area is a new attraction in the park and is targeted for children that needs for adventure and fun. This area is dedicated for children to explore and learn new things from the equipment provided in the sand dune area. The Maze also has its own attraction because of its green lush hedge (Schefflera arboricola). This maze has a height of 2 feet which enable children to explore and get lost in the maze. At the same time, enable parents to notice their children in the maze play area. Lastly, the new attraction is the Sunken Island Plaza which was a bored and lame Plaza Warisan that act as a centre of the park. The existing Malay traditional house is maintained in order to create a 3 small communal space for visitors to interact with each house individually. At the centre of the plaza, a mimicking green island is created that provide a shelter for user to rest. Also the 2 path that intersect at the plaza give a clear view from wetland boardwalk and cat fish

5.6.1.3 Zone 3 (Geo Camp) The Zone 3 (Geo Camp) areas consist of large wetland area and medium water

bodies. The main attraction of this zone is the camping area. However, the wetland area has been use as a passage to the maze playground area via timber boardwalk. Visitors can walk on the timber boardwalk to experience the wetland area in the park. The new camping areas has been enhance with new facilities and amenities such as camp sites, washroom, dorm, open hall and outdoor equipment activities. The gathering area also in provided in order for the visitors to gather and doing such activities. The targeted user for this zone is mostly visitors that want to do survival camp, building camp, water confident activities and other outdoor activities. Besides, there are also kayaking activity and hanging bridge for visitors to do. Overall Zone 3 (Geo Camp) is designed to concern about surrounding nature so thus its main activity.

Also there are 2 core areas that have been analysed, to create two enlargement plan. The area is focused at zone 1 (Geo Wall) which is the entrance areas and the Gunung Lang limestone wall.

5.7 ENLARGEMENT 1 The main component in enlargement 1 is main entrance, Gunung Lang limestone wall

and elevator bridge. The new entrance statement will give a new image to GLRP because the physical form of the entrance is mimicking a cave while the use of material is limestone rock in order to enhance the identity of the park.

Figure 14: Enlargement 1.

Source: author

The building frontage of Landscape and Recreation Department Ipoh also has improved with a small arboretum park. The arboretum park consists of species that has been used by Landscape Department during development of GLRP. Also the facilities around the area have been added with washroom, shelter, prayer room, playground equipment, extreme activity (wall climbing and sky fox). Whereas at the parking space, the parking lot surface materials have been changed to porous material in order to cater water runoff. The wetland area is provided with shallow deck for user to enjoy the beautiful karts landscape with calm water effect. Also the connection from residential area has been improved and proposed with bus and taxi hub to enable public transportation access.

Figure 14.1: View towards entrance statement of Gunung Lang Recreational Park

Source: author experience

– cave mimicking

The new entrance statement of GLRP give a new image to GLRP and create sense of welcoming. Also a cave mimicking experience that resemble the identity of GLRP.

activity. The new extreme activity which attract teenagers and adult to experience the 125 meters

Figure 14.2: View towards flying fox ramp – extreme Source: author

length of flying fox. The ramp is design on the topography of the limestone boulder to minimize cost and efficiency.

V1

Figure 14.4: View towards ecological bridge from shallow

deck. Source: author.

The shallow deck is design near to water

that can enable user to interact with water

V1 by feed the fish.

V2

V2

Figure 14.3: Blow up of elevator bridge and shallow deck area. Figure 14.5: View towards elevator bridge and Gunung Lang

Source: author

Karst landscape. Source: author

Figure x.x shows a blow up area of enlargement 1. The ecological bridge act as connection to elevator bridge platform and the materials used is galvanized steel bridge. As the user pass through the steel bridge, the can clearly see the water and wetland plants due to diamond mesh of the steel bridge. The man made boulder at ecological bridge and elevator bridge platform is to create a nature like settings which can attract user to Elevator Bridge.

However the purpose of elevator bridge is to enable user to see the limestone skyline of Ipoh and natural topography of Gunung Lang and also to give access to IPOH signage. The height of the elevator is 60 meters and the capacity of the lift is 5000kg. There are 2 lift, one for going up and one for going down. At the platform of elevator bridge user can explore the geological history of limestone rock formation and Geo Park Lembah Kinta via informative panel. Visitors also can relax and enjoy the calmness of small pond during the evening. Due to sun condition in the evening this area become shade that create comfortable environment. The reason why the elevator bridge has a gap between natural limestone walls is the author want to minimize the degradation of limestone wall.

5.8 ENLARGEMENT 2 The second enlargement consists of Sky platform 1, Ipoh Sky Bridge, tensile structure

and Ipoh sky walk. The sky platform 1 act as a first viewpoint of Ipoh Sky Bridge and also as a gathering area. The heights from the ground is 55 meters and connected to 200 meters length and 5 meters wide of Ipoh Sky Bridge.

Figure 14.6: Enlargement 2. Source: author

The sky bridge uses tensile structure to

support load and it is curved to create a better panoramic view towards Gunung Lang and it vicinity. However the main attraction is the Ipoh Sky Platform which 60 Figure 14.7: View towards Ipoh sky bridge – connection between both platform using tensile structure and a remarkable scenery. Source: author. meters from the ground and designed to integrate with IPOH signage. Visitors will enjoy geo trail and geo experience of Gunung Lang Geoparks.

Figure 14.8: View towards elevator bridge from sky

Source: author.

platform.

The figure 30 show view towards elevator bridge. This view is from Compass platform. As you can see in the image, the skyline of limestone hills and Ipoh city centre can be seen from this platform. The glass panel provided at the elevator bridge is for safety of visitors that has fear of heights.

Figure 14.9: Section A – A’ of Ipoh Sky Walk has a difference level due limestone Source: author.

topography. The figure 33 shows section of IPOH signage sky walk. The changes of level from the section is to highlight that limestone topography and hardness of rock surface need to

be determine to overcome casualties to visitors when using this area. The resting area are take opportunity from sun direction. The trees at the resting area act as a shade and calm settings for visitors to relax and enjoy the view.

A’

Figure 15: Blow up of elevator bridge and sky platform and a Figure 15.1: Aerial view towards Ipoh sky platform – 100 person – 60 m height. Source: remarkable scenery. Source: author. author.

The figure 31 shows a blow up of IPOH signage sky platform which is the main attraction in Zone 1 (Geo Wall). The Ipoh sky platform is integrated with the signage via trail from the tensile bridge and the changes of level that outstand the IPOH Signage. The Ipoh sky platform can withstand 100 person at a time and it heights from the ground level is 60 meters. The clear glass panel give thrill and exhilaration to visitors that like nor afraid of heights. The glass use high density material to restrain the load and the metal bar keep the structure strong a robust from natural disturbance.

5.9 CHAPTER SUMMARY In this chapter, solution from the case study has been implemented on the proposed

masterplan of Gunung Lang Recreational Park. The geological and ecological design concept has proven a great geo park affect communities, economy and nature to be better than ever. From the design aim and objectives, problems and issues of physical, environmental and social can be achieved with a variety of activities. The beauty of limestone hills and karst landscape create opportunity for geo tourism sector beside provide resources for limestone industry. Thus, it shows that by having a diversity of activities will make Gunung Lang Recreational Park a successful geo park.

6.0 CONCLUSION In conclusion the geological significance of Gunung Lang Recreational Park

has been prove it can be used to develop as geo park site. This will ease the Geo Park Lembah Kinta to entitle as national geo park and at the same will lift up the tourism sector in Perak. Meanwhile the community will expose to the uniqueness of geological features in Gunung Lang Recreational Park which may help awareness on overcome degradation of limestone hills due to unplanned urban development.

From the geological approach to ecological approach, the Gunung Lang Recreational Park is truly a liveable park with a serene nature of limestone hills. Thus the park itself is a living habitat that will continue live for our future generation to make use of it. Lastly, the geo park initiative is to preserve and conserve the geo site that have geo heritage, geo formation and geo cultural to be stored as a worldwide wonders.

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