Results and Discussion possible to say that not every element, which is

3. Results and Discussion possible to say that not every element, which is

submitted for the welfare improvement really improves. Table 1 presents the activity and pacing of females.

The pacing was not observed by male cubs (Table 2). It is clear that older female (Deina) with cubs was more

There is a noticeable significant increase in the activity active than others. In the period with EE was

(about 24%), and increase in cubs contact with the non-significant more active (12%) than in the period

mother.

without EE. The stereotypical behavior from the active Animals after enriching the enclosure were more period was in days with/without EE not recorded. The active. Pacing or rather nervous pacing increased only playing with a paper box female let the cubs, helped by male suffered by new big thing. We used big boxes them with the food in boxes, watched and saved cubs. (bananas) and it was for male negative, which can not

And sometimes after their successful acquisition of food from box, she tried to remove food. The presence

be said for the other animals. The smaller the box of young animals is one of the best initiatives to

would probably to his behavior had, a more positive prevent stereotypic behavior. The younger female

influence. Other animals were not suffered. With Jacquelin (Table 1) was significant longer active with

regard to the time spent most time cubs and their EE to comparison to days without EE. She spends

mother with elements, then a younger female, last one some time by looking, “playing” with cubs in the

was male, who was active at the time, but nervous and secondary enclosure also. The period with pacing was

his pacing increase, without further contact or with enrichment significant shorter.

observation of the box. The results correspond with the Older male Pearl (Table 2) was non-significant more

findings of some of the authors [4]. When using the active in the time when were added elements for

new element was the activity and the time spent with enriching and also more time spent by moving. After

the toy significantly high, pacing shorter and according adding a box with meat at first (he smells from box the

to the reactions and interactions between the animals meat) was his activity high, but after the flipping

directly or through separating the material were also of box was the nervous pacing higher and did slightly

higher [6].

Feeding Enrichment and Leopard Pacing in ZOO Dv ůr Králové, a.s.

1027

4. Conclusion

References

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A. Mallapur, Providing Elevated Rest Sites for Leopards. sex and age were found not only in the activity, but in

[2]

The Shape of Enrichment 10 (1) (2001), available online pacing also. When comparing the responses of animals

at: www.enrichment.org.

to a new element, it was found, and other authors

A. Mallapur, R. Chellam, Environmental influences on previously demonstrated that not every change in the stereotypy and the Activity Budget of Indian Leopards (Panthera pardus) in four zoos in Southern India, Zoo enclosure and the delivery of the news may have good

[3]

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To hunt or not to hunt? a feeding enrichment experiment with captive large felid, Zoo Biology 22 (2003)

element was given to older animals, it can cause stress

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(see male). [5] S. Martin, Enrichment: What is it and why should you want it? in: World Zoo Conference, Pretoria, South Africa,

Acknowledgments

1999.

This work was supported with help MEYS (MŠMT [6] S. Achenbach, S. Graff, Effect of behavioural enrichment on the fighting conflict of the three male lions (Panthera

in Czech) 6046070901. We thank the stuffs in leo ) at Tiergarten Heidelberg, Zoologische Garten 74

carnivore section of zoo Dv ůr Králové, a. s..

(2004) 116-130.

Journal of Life Sciences 6 (2012) 1028-1033