Benefit levels, adequacy and coverage

2.5. Social dialogue and consultation with stakeholders

While many UBI proposals set out detailed parameters regarding benefit design and expected impacts, few proposals elaborate on the question on how policy processes should

be designed to generate these results. As outlined above, this concerns in particular the question on how to ensure adequate coverage and benefit levels over time, as well as equitable and sustainable funding mechanisms. Recommendation No. 202 refers specifically to the principle of solidarity of financing, which is closely linked to an “optimal balance between the responsibilities and interests among those who finance and benefit from social security schemes”. In the case of a UBI, the interests of those for whom the benefit

9 With regard to financing, the study theoretically assumes a budget-neutral scheme.

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In order to generate a broad consensus on a UBI, and to ensure its adequacy and sustainability over time, it is essential to ensure the participation of social partners and other relevant stakeholders in a national dialogue process. Recommendation No. 202 highlights tripartite participation with representative organisations of employers and workers, as well as consultation with other relevant and representative organizations of persons concerned for the setting and updating of the range and levels of benefits, and the importance of effective social dialogue and social participation for the formulation and implementation of national social protection strategies.

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