Critical Approaches Character Review of Related Theories
15 warmth, and sleep. A person who feels hungry will be motivated to eat not to
sleep. This is a way to fulfill that need. People will ignore all other needs before the physiological needs have been satisfied pp. 39-43.
2 Safety needs
Safety needs are the second level of the hierarchy of needs. After the physiological needs have been fulfilled, a sense of security will emerge. For
example, safety needs are protections from security, order, law, stability, freedom from fear, terrorism, a disease, anxiety, danger, violence, and natural disasters.
The safety needs are different from physiological needs because these needs cannot be totally fulfilled. According to Maslow, people who are not safe will be
acting and behaving like children who are not safe. They will be acting and behaving as always in a threatened pp.43-48.
3 Belonging and love needs
Belonging and love needs are the third level of the hierarchy of needs. After physiological needs and safety needs have been fulfilled, a sense of
belonging and love needs will emerge. Example of belonging and love needs are friendship, intimacy, affection and love, family, friends, and romantic
relationships. Someone who has belonging and love needs love since a child, he will not feel panic when refused of love. He will have confidence to be accepted
pp. 48-50.
4 Esteem needs
Esteem needs are the fourth level of the hierarchy of needs. After physiological needs, safety needs and belonging and love needs have been
16 fulfilled, a sense of esteem needs will emerge. These needs have two aspects, the
first aspect is the desire of power, achievement, sufficiency, preeminence, ability, and freedom. The second aspect is that what people have, is called desire of
having a good name or prestige, status, fame and glory, domination, recognition, dignity, and appreciation. The fulfillment of esteem needs bring the feeling of
believe in one. The obstacles of fulfillment these needs are inferiority and weakness pp. 50-51.
5 Self-actualization needs
Self-actualization needs are the fifth level of hierarchy of needs. Though all needs are fulfilled, people often feel growth a sense of dissatisfied and new
nervousness immediately. The example of self-actualization needs are realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, and peak experiences
p. 52. Those five levels of hierarchy of needs help to dig out Mameha’s
motivation in building her interpersonal relationship with Sayuri in
Memoirs of a Geisha.