own language, they also confused in the differences between using infinitive and gerund in the sentence. Betty Schrampfer Azar said that some verbs can
be followed by either infinitive or gerund, sometimes with no difference in meaning and sometimes with a difference meaning.
36
36
Betty Schrampfer Azar, Understanding and Using English Grammar , ……, p. 157
24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This section is going to explain the methodology of research used in this ‘skripsi’ which is related to purpose of the research, place and time of the study,
method of the study, population and sample, instrument of the research, technique of data collecting, and technique of data analysis.
A. The Purpose of the Research
The purpose of this research is to obtain clear information about the students’
errors and to know the reason why the students make errors in using gerund at the third year student of SMP Al-fath cirendeu.
B. Place and Time of the Study
The research took place at SMP Al-fath Cirendeu at Jl. Cirendeu Raya No. 24 Pisangan, Ciputat, Tangerang 15419, Banten. The research was carried on
November 12
th
2013.
C. Method of the Study
Descriptive qualitative method is used in this research because the method is purposed to analyze the
students’ errors in learning gerund that happen at present. The data required are the information of the English teaching learning activity and
student’s test answers on the use of gerund.
D. Population and Sample
Population is all students becoming subject of research. Usually the number of population in the area of research is great. The population of this research is the
third year students of SMP Al-fath Cirendeu in academic years 20122013. It consists of two classes. Class 9L consists of 20 students and class 9N consists of
20 students. So, the total population are 40 students. Sample is part of population becoming subject of research. The data can be
gotten from part of population by using technique of purposive sampling. Based on the book of L. R Gay the sampling of research could be taken 25 of the total
samples.
E. Technique of Date Collection
Two techniques of collecting data are used in this research, they are test and interview.
1. Test.
The type of the test is Multiple Choice. It is focused on gerund. This test consists of 20 items of questions, including: Gerund as subject of
