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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, the writer discusses the background of the study, statement of the problems, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation,
and the definition of the key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study
English becomes the most essential language in the world. Almost all people from many different countries around the world use it to communicate. Learning
English as a foreign language is very important in Indonesia because English is the first foreign language put in education curriculum. English has been taught to
Indonesian students since they are in the Elementary level. It is because of the importance of English in any scope of their lives.
In the international relationship, English speaking ability is very important for people
to be able to participate in the wider world of work. According to Lawtie 2005 speaking is fundamental to human communication. As we know that in
modern era, we are supposed to speak English well. That is the reason why, by mastering speaking as well as our native language means that we master the world
also. This reality makes teachers and parents think that speaking ability should be mastered by their students and children.
In learning speaking skill, the students often find some problems. The problem frequently found is that their native language makes them difficult to use the
foreign language English. Another reason is because of their lack of motivation in
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practicing foreign language in the daily conversation. They are also too shy and afraid to take part in the conversation. Many factors can cause the problems for the students
in learning speaking skills; such as the material, the media including the technique in teaching English. According to Lindsay and Knight 2006, 68 speaking is a complex
process which involves constructing a message in a form that other people can understand, and delivering the message using the correct pronunciation, stress, and
intonation. Technique of teaching speaking is very useful to make the process of teaching
activity easier and more interesting. Teaching speaking is very important in foreign language learning. Consequently teaching a foreign language is complex process Ur
in Wahyurianto, 2009. The teacher must use good techniques in teaching to be able to attract the students to be more active in speaking. Teaching speaking means to help
students know about the language and the most important is to know about how to use the language communicatively in every context in their everyday life. The ability
to communicate in a foreign language clearly and efficiently contributes to the success of the learner in school and success later of their life.
According to Brown 2000 technique is any of wide variety of exercise, activities, or devices used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objectives.
Many techniques can be applied in teaching speaking because many research findings say that this technique is effective to use in teaching speaking. Teaching speaking
will be more effective and efficient depends on the technique that are used by the teacher which also supported by method, strategy and approach which are applied by
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the teacher. Every teacher must have a good technique when they teach speaking. Those techniques must be acceptable and helpful for the students to understand.
However, it is necessary to present the empirical data about the importance of technique speaking. A research conducted by Arief 2005 ” The teaching technique
in speaking class at Basic English course BEC Pare, Kediri” found some techniques such as; games, role play, small group, and drill. From the four
techniques, small groups and drilling are the most frequently used. Another research was investigated by Astuti 2005 “ An analysis of teaching technique and material
used in teaching and learning English for job preparation at NEC computer and language course Malang”. The result showed some techniques used were
presentation, discussion, simulation and role play. Based on the previous finding, the writer concludes that techniques of teaching speaking are various.
Teachers and technique cannot be separated each other that both of them affect the goal of teaching and learning in the class. In conclusion, the teacher must
create or chose appropriate techniques of teaching speaking which support the learners to speak. The techniques should be suitable with students’ characteristics and
conditions that can be implemented in bilingual class too. Recently, the government has new class program in school that is called
bilingual class. In bilingual class, both teacher and students should use one of the languages of OECD country to communicate during the classroom activities and also
for the instruction in teaching learning process Permendiknas. No: 78, 2009. It means that, bilingual class is a class that has to use two languages in teaching
learning process. The students and teacher should have ability in using two
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languages, particularly English and Bahasa Indonesia in learning process. Nowadays many schools in Indonesia conduct bilingual classes. One of the reasons is to face the
globalization era. It also happens in MAN 3 Malang. This school has bilingual class in which the teacher and the students speak English and Bahasa Indonesia in teaching
learning process. Therefore, the teacher should have the appropriate technique for teaching.
The writer chooses a bilingual class to be studied because bilingual class is the newest education program in Indonesia as being explained before that this class
uses both English and Bahasa Indonesia to communicate in class. They use both languages not only in English lesson but also in other subjects; such as biology,
mathematics, chemistry, or physics. So, the teacher should have the suitable technique that can be implemented in bilingual class.
From the explanation, the writer is interested in finding out the techniques adopted by the teacher in teaching speaking to the grade XI of bilingual class at MAN
3 Malang. This school is one of the favorite schools in Malang.
1.2 Statement of the Problems
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