The Analysis of Extended Metaphor

C. The Analysis of the Data

In this analysis, the writer describes the types of metaphor taken from the data description above. Therefore, the data analysis can be elaborated as follows:

1. The Analysis of Extended Metaphor

This kind of metaphor is sets up a principal subject with several subsidiary subjects or comparisons. Here is the first data that captured from the story. 1 From the sunless dawn until evening the heavy shadow had deepened, and all hearts in the City were oppressed. Far above a great cloud streamed slowly westward from the Black Land, devouring light, borne upon a wind of war; but below the air was still and breathless, as if all the Vale of Anduin waited for the onset of a ruinous storm. [pg. 80] This paragraph tells us about the siege of Gondor. The armies of Mordor, are attacking with angriness and uncontrollable. Deaths are everywhere. An extended metaphor sets up a principal subject with several subsidiary subjects as comparisons. From the sunless dawn until evening the heavy shadow had deepened. The metaphor exists in as such as the expression is taken to mean that the heavy, shadow and depened is extended. Thinking of heavy as being literally deepened does not bring us into the presence of metaphor. The word heavy combined with shadow are seem strange. Yet, in literal meaning we cannot get the meaning of heavy shadow but if we look in metaphorical expression, heavy shadow means that a symbol of evil and it is really darken the sky. So we thought that a dark sky as a heavy shadow. Look at these examples: heavy shadow, winds of war and ruinous storm. Metaphorical personification here does not refer to the natural world. The image of shadow, wind and storm as a heavy thing, kinds of war, and a ruinous destruction is not to be held up to physical shadow, wind or storm. In reading this metaphor, we are no more bothered by the fact that the shadow, wind, or storm than we are in seeing those things appear in the physical world. The tenor is shadow and vehicle is heavy. Here is another analysis, 2 A sword-day, a red day, ere the sun rises . [pg. 112] We found the word sword day, a red day. Here, the meanings are that the battle cannot run and hide. The riders of Rohan came in the late time of war when the city of Gondor almost ruined. Nevertheless, with the spirit that lighted by Theoden, King of Rohan, and the Riders ride to Gondor and face the monstrous trolls, orcs and Nazgul. These words of Theoden draw metaphor of grieve and honor as a warrior. Two different things that they must choose. They choose the second one. We cannot give the meaning of extended metaphor by using dictionary or in literal sense. A dictionary entry is associated with a set of features for it than in the normal course of semantic interpretation. Compare with this one, 3 The sullen shriveled leaves of a past year hung on them, grating and rattling in the sad airs, but their maggot- ridden buds were only just opening. Flies, dun grey, or black, marked like Orcs with a red eye-shaped blotch, buzzed and stung; and above the briar-thickets clouds of hungry midges danced and reeled. [pg. 198] Sad airs . There is no correlation between sad and air. Both are two different kinds. Sad is only happening in human object and now it combined with airs which is not a human thing. The tenor is airs and the vehicle is sad. The meaning is the air there was not good for breathing. Other example is clouds of hungry midges. Clouds here do not mean something white and grey hanging in the sky. It is a group of midges, which is mass and flying around and making formation like clouds. Clouds compared to midges. However, there is a distinction between concerning on form and structure of a sentence and concerning on content and subject matter. Here, the writer want to explore the extended metaphor through this differences. This logical thinking assume that extended metaphor is a matter of structure whereas support is a matter of content. The form- content distinction runs throughout treatment of logic. Look up at this examples: 4 The wind had dropped but the sky was grey. The land looked rather sad and forlorn; but it was after all the first of November and the fag-end of Autumn. [pg. 280] The land illustrated like human, it can be sad or forlorn. Of course, this is not literally right. It is all because the condition of the Shire after Saruman slave it. Sad and forlorn, is an attribute of Man. Nonetheless, a metaphor is essentially a contradictory predication. It sounds like an Oxymoron. 48 Because every metaphor is paradoxical. They are emotionally unified into a new entity, and it becomes impossible to distinguish literal from metaphorical elements.

2. The Analysis of Complex Metaphor