collected should contain vast information about analysis. The books which are used in this thesis collected from several sources such as library and book store. And for the song lyrics,
I accessed some sites or internet to collect the data. All the data will be selecting in next step.
3.3. Data Selecting Procedure
The second step is selecting the data. All of the information that I had collected were being selected. Only the very significant data are use in this thesis. After selected the data, I
decides to analyze six songs from Bob Marley related to subject matter of this thesis, they are War, Zimbabwe, So Much Things to Say, Africa Unite, Exodus and Redemption Song. They
are some books that I used to be the data, they are Rasta and Resistance 1947 by Horace Campbell, Bob Marley;Spirit of Freedom 2008 by Nando Baskara and Education, Equality
and Human Rights; Issues of Gender, ’Race’, Sexuality, disability and Social Class 2000 by Mike Cole.
3.4. Data Analyzing Procedure
The last step is analyzing the data. This procedure is the process of describing and analyzing data into the thesis’s analysis. Wellek and Warren in their Theory of Literature
1991 also proposed two approaches in analyzing literary work, they are intrinsic approach and extrinsic approach. Intrinsic approach is an approach which analyzes the literary work
based on the text and the structural points of literary work which comprises the characters, plot, setting, theme, style, and point of view. Extrinsic approach is an approach which
analyzes the literary work and its connection with other knowledge and external factors such as biography, history, culture, psychology, and sociology.
In this thesis, I will use the historical-biographical approach since we know that this approach is the best way to analyze the subject matter. Literary work is always influenced by
the writer’s living and background. It is related with the condition of the society and writer’s environment.I also use the sociological approach in this thesis, because I need to know the
description of the society and the social phenomena that happened in that time. It is very important in this analysis process because literary work is the reflection of phenomena in
daily activity in particular felt by the writer.
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
Bob Marley is not only an ordinary singer. He is a warrior and revolutionaries who regarded as icon of freedom and opponents of colonialism and slavery system. He always
supports and suggests the people to be optimistic in their life. His messages through songs are never dies and still influencing the people even though he had gone.
Marley is a legend of Reggae. He had succeed to formulate the reggae music composition become something interest where social issue, story of the struggle, and
philosophy was combined in amazing creations. Marley is also known as the man with dreadlock hairstyle, smoke marijuana, and simple appearance. Iconography about Marley is
new universal language, rebellion symbol and freedom. Music cannot be separated from Marley’s life. He is struggle by the music, and its
makes Marley famous all over the world. His music creations are not sound like other, many of his song lyrics and musical arrangement are created to criticize the injustice against the
people, especially for Blacks. His spirits of freedom and liberty are melting into the song melodies. Marley has proved that music can be used as effective medium to struggle and
conveys the messages. The social theme is also became the central idea in Marley’s songs. Zimbabwe, So
Much Things to Say, Redemption Song, he shows critical response to the political injustice which places the Blacks as lower class than the Whites. He also supports the freedom of
Blacks community in the Third World or Africa continent society. In album Survival 1979, Marley many talks about struggle for Blacks rights reflected in Through Exodus,Africa Unite,
Wake Up And Live, Babylon System and Zimbabwe. The concert in Amandla Festival in Boston on July, 1979, showed his rebel against Apartheid system in South Africa through
War. Meanwhile, the song Zimbabwe is created to support the independence of Zimbabwe from British colony. Bob Marley and The Wailers are invited to the celebration of
Zimbabwe’s independence declaration in 1980. It is the momentum of Marley who regarded as the icon of freedom of Africans.
Marley is the Rastafari follower or called as Rastaman. So, it is why Rastafari beliefs became soul of Marley’s songs. He came back from U.S to Jamaica in 1966, and he find
himself in the great momentum when Haile Selassie I visited Jamaica for special meeting
with Rastafari followers. Actually, Rastafari is introduced by his wife, Rita, but Haile’s charismaticencourages Marley become one of the followers in 1967. He joined in Rastafari
movement and began to grow dreadlock, the characteristic of Rastaman. His great support in Rastafari movement through song makes himself as prophet of
Rastafari by its followers. In album Rastaman Vibration 1976, for example, almost all songs talks about Marley’s belief in Rastafari such as Crazy Baldheads, Johnny Was, Who
TheCap Fit, and Positive Vibration. Meanwhile, War is the song in this album created by Marley based on Haile Selassie I’s speech in U.N assembly at United Nation Conferences on
October 4, 1963, in New York, USA. It is a portrayal of Marley’s admiration for Haile, the emperor of Africans and Jah of Rastaman.
The song in reggae music consists of messages about world peace, the struggle of life and social critic based on political situation in Africa. The reggae song of Marley is identic
with spirit of antislavery and desire to independence is similar to something in Rastafari belief. This spirit of liberation then broadly impacting people’s life, and since that time
reggae is defined as Rastafari’s song. Bob Marley is raised by inspiration of Marcus Garvey and Haile Selassie I. They
figures who influenced Marley in creating his songs. The both figures are known as Blacks leader and warriors in the struggle of the Blacks people. They have their own way in leads
their people to get rights and freedom. They are also the important figures in Rastafari, their struggle’s spirits are used by Marley in his several songs. And in this chapter, I will analyze
some selected songs of Marley to find out Rastaman’s concept for the Blacks people’s liberation.
There are six songs that will be analyze to find the Rastaman’’s concepts ofhuman rights equality and freedom, namely War, Zimbabwe, So Much Things To Say, Africa Unite,
Exodus and Redemption Song. The songs has lyrics consist of meaningful stanza created by Marley who known as important figure of Rastafari. Based on the belief in Rastafari, he used
many term such as Haile’s thoughts and Garveyism of repatriation in the song lyrics. It can be said that the songs is defined as Rastaman’s sound through Reggae music.
4.1. The Rastaman’s Concepts of Equalityas reflected in Bob Marley’s Selected Songs.
