17 d.
To plan future events. IF + GOING TO
They’re going to take their mother to the old house if she remembers where it is.
IF + PRESENT PERFECT If it hasn’t rained by the weekend, we’ll have to water the garden.
IF + PRESENT CONTINUOUS If they’re watching TV, they won’t hear you.
2.3.1 Present Conditional Conditional Sentence Type 2
A present conditional or conditional sentence type 2 expresses the activity which is contrary to the fact in the present time.
Example: a.
I would go if he gave me money.
b. If he had a lot of money, he would build a house.
Here further explanation about present conditional: According to Parrot 2006:233, present conditional refer to something that is
or that we perceive to be impossible or ‘contrary to fact’.
18 According to Djuharie 2007:74, present conditional explains something that
is contrary to what is is happening now or later. Here the basic form of present conditional by Djuharie 2007:74:
IF CLAUSE SIMPLE PAST + MAIN CLAUSE PAST FUTURE OR
MAIN CLAUSE PAST FUTURE + IF CLAUSE SIMPLE PAST NOTE: We only use ‘were’ to all subject.
In present conditional, the modal ‘would’ appears in the main clause and ‘V2’ appears in the if clause. Here are some examples:
• If I had time, I would go to the beach with you this weekend. • He would tell you about it if he were here.
Table 2.3 Form of present conditional and the examples Situation
If Clause Main Clause
Time in Past Future
Simple Past Past Future
If S + Verb 2 be +
ObjectComplement S + Modal would, could,
should + Verb 1 + ObjectComplement
If I knew they were honest
I would gladly lend them the money.
19 According to Surayin 2009:331, there are variant forms of if clause in
present conditional as follows:
A. IF + PAST CONTINUOUS
If we were going by boat, I would feel much happier. If my car was working
B. IF + PAST PERFECT
, I wouldcould drive you to the station.
If he had taken my advice
a. To an unlikely or hypothetical condition and its probable result.
, he would be a rich man now. Here some functions of present conditional as follows:
If the weather wasnt so bad, we would go to the park. But the weather is bad so we cant go.
If I was the Queen of England, I would give everyone a chicken. But I am not the Queen.
b.
To expresses an unfinished or continuing action or situation.
I would be working in Italy if I spoke Italian. But I dont speak Italian, so I am not working in Italy
She wouldnt be living with Jack if she lived with her parents. But she is living with Jack and not with her parents.
20
2.3.2 Past Conditional Conditional sentence type 3
