For Extensive Reading II Lecturers For Extensive Reading II Students For Other Researchers

69 independent phase. In all those phases, most of the students agreed and strongly agreed to the statements that examined their opinion about the process of Scaffolding Strategy used in Extensive Reading II. The researcher proposed five implications of Scaffolding Strategy; those were being independent learners, being cooperative learners, developing reading interest, developing self-confidence and achieving excellence. All of those implications were responded positively by Extensive Reading II students.

B. Suggestions

In order to make better implementation of Scaffolding Strategy in Extensive Reading II class, the researcher spelled out suggestions for Extensive Reading II lecturers, Extensive Reading II students, and future research.

1. For Extensive Reading II Lecturers

Since Scaffolding Strategy aims at leading students to be independent all at once to be cooperative learners, the activities conducted should facilitate students to work independently through individual tasks or assignments and to work cooperatively through group project or group work. In Extensive Reading II Class A and Class C of 20092010 academic year, all of the tasks were assigned as individual assignments; no wonder that the students were successfully able to be independent in completing the tasks. However, group project or group work was not present along the semester. In order to lead students to be independent learners that can also work cooperatively with others, it is better to provide more group work assignments. 70

2. For Extensive Reading II Students

A lot of assignments and tasks along the semester could be burdens for some students. The researcher does expect that the students not focus too much on abundant tasks, yet to focus on the advantages they would gain from all those assignments; like being independent learners, being cooperative learners, developing reading interest, developing self-confidence, and achieving excellence.

3. For Other Researchers

Since this research – about students’ perceptions of Scaffolding Strategy used in Extensive Reading Class – is the pioneer research in the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University, the researcher admitted that this research is far from being perfect. Thus the researcher does hope that other researchers who are interested in examining Scaffolding Strategy can conduct research in wider areas of study, such as Scaffolding in literacy skills, and in better techniques to enrich this research. 71 REFERENCES Altman, S., E. Valenzi., Hodgetts, R. M. 1985. Organizational Behaviour: Theory and Practice. Florida: Academic Press, Inc. Ary, D., Jacob, L. C., Razavieh, A. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. Sixth edition. Belmont: Wadsworth Thompson Learning. Axford, B., Harder, P., Wise, F. 2009. Scaffolding Literacy: An Integrated and Sequential Approach to Teaching Reading, Spelling, and Writing. Victoria: ACER Press. Bamford, J., Day, R. R. 1997. Extensive Reading: What is It? Why? Bother?. http:www.jalt-publications.orgtltfiles97mayextensive.html , accessed on May 23, 2009 Bamford, J Ed.. 2005. Extensive Reading Activities for Teaching Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Chaiklin, S. 2006. The Zone of Proximal Development in Vygotsky Analysis of Learning and Instruction. In Konzulin, A. Eds.. 2006. Vygotsky’s Theory in Cultural Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Davidson Films. 1996. Scaffolding: Self-Regulated Learning in the Primary Grades. www.davidsonfilms.com , accessed on February 4, 2009 Forgus, R. H. 1966. Perception: The Basic Process in Cognitive Development. New York: The McGraw Hill Company, Inc. George, J. M., Jones, G. R. 2005. Understanding and Managing Organizational Behaviour. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. Gibbons, P. 2002. Scaffolding Language, Scaffolding Learning: Teaching Second Language Learners in the Mainstream Classroom. Portsmouth: Heinemann. Grabe, W., Stoller, F. L. 2002. Teaching and Researching Reading. London: Longman. Hancock, D. R., Algozzine, B. 2006. Doing Case Study Research. New York: Teachers College Press Columbia University. 72 Henry, L. 2002. Educational Concept of Scaffolding. http:condor.admin.ccny.cuny.edu~group4HenryHenry20Paper.do , accessed on February 4, 2009 Lange, V. L. 2002. Instructional Scaffolding: A Teaching Strategy. http:condor.admin.ccny.cuny.edu~group4CanoCano20Paper.doc , accessed on February 4, 2009 Larkin, M. 2002. Using Scaffold Instruction to Optimize Learning. http:www. eric.ed.govPDFSED474301.pdf, accessed on February 4, 2009 Lipscomb, L., Swanson, J., West, A. 2004. Scaffolding. In Orey, M. Ed., Emerging Perspectives on Learning, Teaching, and Technology. http:projects.coe.uga.edueplttindex.php?title=Scaffolding , accessed on February 4, 2009 Lombard, E. 2004. Support Students with Diverse Learning Needs through Scaffolding Their Learning. Summerstrand: Centre for Teaching, Learning and Media NMMU. www.nmmu.ac.za...ctlmScaffolding20Student 20Learning.pp , accessed on April 15, 2010 Mahn, H. 2006. Periods in Child Development: Vygotsky’s Perspective. In Konzulin, A. Eds.. 2006. Vygotsky’s Theory in Cultural Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. McDonough, J., McDonough, S. 2004. Research Methods for English Language Teachers. London: Arnold. McKenzie, J. 1999. Scaffolding for Success. http:www.fno.orgdec99scaffold. html , accessed on February 4, 2009 Neuman, W. L. 2006. Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approach. Sixth edition. New York: Pearson Education, Inc. Passer, M. W., Smith, R. E. 2003. Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour. Second edition. New York: McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. Pearson, P. D., Stephens, D. 1994. Learning about Literacy: A 30-Year Journey. In Ruddell, R. B., Ruddell, M. R., Singer, H. Eds.. 1994. Theoritical Models and Processes of Reading. Newark: International Reading Assosiation Inc. Pennil, E. 2002. Adolescent Learning and Development. http:esl.fis.edu lecturersfisscaffoldpage1.htm , accessed on February 4, 2009 73 Prasetyo, A. H., Herawati, H., Prihatin, P. N., Budiraharjo. M., Adjie, G. P Eds.. 2006. Panduan Akademik Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris untuk Dosen dan Mahasiswa. Fourth edition. Yogyakarta: Universitas Sanata Dharma. Steiner, V. J., Mahn, H. Sociocultural Approaches to Learning and Development: A Vygotskian Framework. http:webpages.charter.net schmolze1vygotskyjohnsteiner.html , accessed on February 4, 2009 Tull, D. S., Albaum, G. S. 1973. Survey Research: A Decisional Approach. New York: Intext Educational Publisher. Van Der Stuyf, R. R. 2002. Scaffolding as a Teaching Strategy. http:condor.admin.ccny.cuny.edu~group4Van20Der20StuyfVan 20Der20Stuyf20Paper.doc , accessed on February 4, 2009 Wallace, C. 2003. Reading. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 74 75 No Question Items Number Pre-activity 4 1. Did you ask what Extensive Reading is to the student? Why yes? What is ER II according to students’ opinion? Why not? What did you do to introduce the course? 2. Did you present clear goals to the students? What are the goals? Why not? 3. Did you present clear schedule or deadline of the assignments submission? When is the deadline? What is the purpose? Why not? 4. Did you present clear steps what students should do along the semester? What are they? Why not? Whilst activity 6

A. Modeling with Verbal Commentary Phase 1.

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