Development Creole Definitions of Terms

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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW

In carrying out this study, I present some theories which are relevant to the analysis of the novel. There are four sections in this chapter, namely theoretical review, criticism, content and theoretical framework. The first section presents the theory of literature which covers relevant and supportive theories to the study. The second section of this chapter is criticism made by some expert concerning Jane Rhys and her works. The third section is the context which covers the condition when the author writes the novel. The last section is the theoretical framework that discusses the application of the theories, which are important for the analysis of the problems. 2.1 Review of Related Theories 2.1.1 Theory of Character and Characterization Character is one of important elements in novel. Abrams in his book A Glossary of Literary Terms defines characters as the person presented in a dramatic or narrative work who are interpreted by the readers as being endowed with moral and dispositional qualities that are expressed in what they say the dialogue and what they do the action. Meanwhile, the main character is the most important person in the story. Character from the beginning to the ending parts 1981 6 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 7 In more details, Abram 1980: 20 states that as people presented in the story, characters have the same characteristics as real human beings. They have temperament and moral nature. Their temperament and moral nature will become the basis of their speeches and actions. In the story, characters may remain stable or unchanged or may undergo a radical change through its development or as result of an extreme crisis in the story itself. After we know the existing characters in the novel, we need to know another element such as characterization to describe the characters, either physically or psychologically. To make the readers know what kind of character he or she is, the author uses some methods to explain the innermost thoughts of characters. Murphy in Understanding Unseen: An Introduction to English Poetry and English Novel for Overseas Student 1972 classifies nine ways of how an author reveals the characters’ personalities and traits to the readers. The first way is by looking at the personal description. The author portrays a clear description of the characters’ physical appearance and personal description. The characters’ clothing is one aspect to know their character. The physical appearance and personal description also include some details of someone’s performance, such as face, eyes, skin, body, hair, and other distinctive features. The personal description is very important because it can give the reader very obvious clues to the characters. The second way is by examining on how character as seen by another. The author may also describe the character through the eyes and opinion of others, instead of describing the character directly, so the readers can get a reflected image. A PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI