19 categorical information stored in a long-term memory or on retrieving a
summary judgment that was already made.
2.1.2 Critical Review
In the theoretical description of critical review, there are two main sections. First, the principles of critical review covering three main principles of critical
review. Second, the aspects of critical review covering the main elements.
2.1.2.1 Principles of Critical Review
In the academic field, especially English language, the ability to have a deeper understanding and critical way of thinking in both reading and writing is
essential. The students are required to have the ability to perform critical review as they read and write an article. Critical review, as one of tasks that one needs to
be performed in the academic reading, calls for a format; introduction, summary, critique and conclusion. Critical review is a complex task which demanding
proficiency in all skills areas. That is why critical review is a task which is demanding several processes, such as analysis on the text as to the author’s
purpose, main idea or thesis, and organizational techniques, as well as proficiency at summarizing.
Critical review performs a set of tasks that emphasize the process of employing all skills areas. Arnaudet and Barrett 1984 believe the most important
part of critical review is the critique. Arnaudet and Barrett 1984 state that in reviewing an article, one actually performs a twofold purpose; to let the readers to
20 know enough about the content of the article so that they can understand the
comments without actually having to read the article and to form his or her own impression as to value the article and to present the subjective impression to the
readers clearly and honestly. In the relation to what is a critical review, Arnaudet and Barrett 1984 state
that there is no one correct way of reviewing an article in which they only suggest the basic aspects for reviewing critically. Introduction, summary and critique are
obligatory in reviewing an article whereas conclusion may not be necessary depending on what has been said in the review and how those comments are
organized. Both of them agree that in reviewing an article, the most important part is the critique. Critique as the core of critical review is a bridge to figure out what
principles prop up the idea of critical review itself. There are three principles of critical review. First, critical review aims to
elicit a personal comment on a topic discussed. Second, in order to make the personal comments, one is encouraged to analyze and evaluate the content of the
article. Third, unlike a pure summary, critical review by its very nature is subjective in which one must make judgment and comment on the article being
reviewed.
2.1.2.2 Aspects in Critical Review
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