lack of request strategies and that the interlocutors in the books represent a ‘can do’
society where requests are easy to make, yet actually requests are not always easy to make, and really depend on urgency, intimacy etc.
B. Conceptual Framework
This study focusing the analysis of request on request strategies available in dialogues where requests are made in all the textbooks employing a
taxonomy derived from Blum Kulka, House, and Kasper ’s 1989 categorization,
and a taxonomy of peripheral elements by Soler, Flor and Jorda 2005 for the purpose of the present study, and analyzing the contextual information available in
the dialogues using Brown and Levinson’s 1987. Since this study also accounts for the pedagogical purposes in textbooks
for language learning due to the data of the present study taken from English textbooks, the taxonomy for analyzing the request strategies derived from Blum
Kulka, House, and Kasper 1989 and Soler, Flor and Jorda 2005 are, therefore, not taken entirely. Consequently, it will result in the modification of the
categorization from the two experts to fit the need of the analysis of the present study.
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C. Analytical Construct
Figure 2: Analytical construct
Locutionary Acts Illocutionary Acts
Perlocutionary Acts English Textbooks
Pragmatic Analysis Speech Acts
Brown and Levinson’s
categorization of circumstantial factors
Request Strategies
Contextual information
Directives Assertives
Commissives Expressives
Declarations
A modified taxonomy of Blum Kulka, House, and
Kasper and Soler, Flor and Jorda.
Request
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Research Type
This study employs both the quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative approach is used to count the number of request strategies existing
in the dialogues in the books and the availability of contextual information while the qualitative approach is used to describe the findings verbally.
B. Data and Data Sources
The data of this study are 1 words, phrases, clauses andor even sentences which convey requests within all dialogues containing the request
function available in the listening sections, obtained from the listening scripts usually found in last pages of the books, and speaking sections if there are any
including in other sections if dialogues are found in the books for the analysis of the request strategies and 2 the dialogues and information about the dialogues
including names of participants for the analysis of the contextual information. The English textbooks which are analyzed in this study are the
downloadable ones for the Indonesian students of grades VII, VIII, and IX of the junior high school and those of grades XI and XII of the senior high school. The
reasons beyond the textbook selection are 1 that the researcher attempts to analyze the focus of the present study in English textbooks which are written by various
authors, 2 that the researcher prioritizes English textbooks which have listening materials and the listening scripts and which have a lot of dialogues 3 that the
textbooks are published by Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, a
