58 state formants of [i
ÿ] in4, showing the F2 value of [Ð
j
i ÿ] more than 200 Hz at the phonetic juncture than
at steady-state of [i ÿ], F3 more than 300 Hz greater, and F4 more than 200 Hz greater.
3 Phonetic juncture of [Ð
j
i ÿ]: F1 286.5 F2 2292.1 F3 3071.4 F4 3736.1
4 Steady-state of [i ÿ]:
F1 298.0 F2 2085.8 F3 2762.0 F4 3506.9 The raised F2 and F3 transitions from the palatalized consonant to the vowel are consistent with the effects
of palatalization throughout the language.
Figure 4.15. Palatalized glottal stop [ Ð
j
i ÿ].
One of the supporting evidences of secondary palatalization as an autosegmental feature instead of other suggested interpretations is based on the phonetic data showing the same type of vowel transition
phenomena following the palatalized glottal stop as follows other palatalized consonants. This is discussed further in sections 4.7 and 5.5.1.
4.4.6 Secondary palatalization of verb-final consonant clusters
When the verb-final consonant cluster in Isthmus Mixe is suffixed by a clause-type morpheme, both consonants are mutated by this palatalization and the vowels that precede and follow this consonant cluster
are also affected.
76
A common cluster is [mb] from the verbal suffix -aN ‘
DESIDERATIVE FUTURE
’ and the verb word suffix –p, which indicates an intransitive nonconjunct clause
-aN-p~‚ [amb‚]. When this cluster is palatalized by the morpheme indicating a transitive nonconjunct clause, both consonants are
palatalized -aN-p-
j~
‚ [a ÿm
j
b
j
Úÿ] and the fronted allophones of the adjacent vowels occur i.e. one palatalization autosegment affects both consonants in the cluster and the vowels preceding and following
the cluster. In the first spectrogram in figure 4.16, the formants of the transitions to the vowels are typical for transitions from bilabial consonants Ladefoged 2001, Stevens 1998, noting especially the lowered
second formants preceding [m] and following [b]. In the second spectrogram in figure 4.16, the second formants in the transition areas are raised because of effects of the adjacent palatalized consonants.
76
The vowel that follows this verb-final cluster is the vowel of a clitic; it is not part of the verb word but is nonetheless affected by the palatalization of the preceding consonant.
59 Besides the [mb] verb-final cluster, any consonant except h and
Ð may occur verb final and be followed by the intransitive nonconjunct clause-type suffix -p.
77
The resulting consonant cluster may be palatalized by the morpheme which indicates a transitive nonconjunct clause, similar to the [
m
j
b
j
] cluster, for example,
m-jaµ-pa πm-naµ¾-p-
j
[mja ÿµpaπmnaÿµ¾
j
p
j
] ‘you heal’ m- ‘second person; jaµ ‘causative’; pa πm
‘illness’; na µ¾ ‘pass’; -p ‘nonconjunct clause’; -
j
‘transitive’, in which verb final ¾ and the morpheme -p
form a word final consonant cluster and are both palatalized by -
j
‘transitive.’
Figure 4.16. Contrast of [amb ‚] and [a
ÿm
j
b
j
Úÿ].
4.4.7 Palatalization of consonants following palatal j
