2.1.5 Nazism
Nazism is the ideology of the Nazi party led by Adolf Hitler. The source of Nazism is Mein Kampf My Struggle, an autobiography of Hitler. When Hitler
became the leader of Germany, his book was applied as the foundation of his government. The main concept of Nazism came from Hitler’s own political beliefs.
Hitler saw Jews and other minor ethnics as parasitic people who were the cause of the decline of Germany. Citizens of Germany must only consist of Aryan people
the native German people. There are no places for Jews and Slavs. They were the enemies of the country and had to be eliminated. Therefore, Germany must be
united and disciplined in order to win Hitler 391-394. In the principles of Nazi, democracy or monarchy regarded as weak and
corrupt. Therefore, a strong united Germany could only be achieved through dictator regime. In order to do that, Nazism tried to control every aspect of human’s
life and encouraged people to be fanatic and loyal towards Germany 343-349. Nazism also believed that the Aryan was superior and has the rights to live in
“Lebensraum” “living space”. This concept allowed Aryan people to take their rights by invading other countries and eliminating minor ethnics such as Jews and
Slavs 467-468.
2.2 Review on History of Nazi Occupation in Europe
2.2.1 The Rise of Nazi and Its Successful Invasion in Europe
Hitler states that actually Nazi was founded under the name of German Worker’s Party DAP with small members. With his propaganda, he maintained a
good career and reached a high position. Hitler eventually became the chancellor of
Germany, changing the name of the party into National Socialist German Worker’s Party or Nazi and began a dictatorial government in Germany Shirer 42.
In 1936, Germany, Japan, and Italy formed an alliance called Axis Power. Their goal was to expand their territories by attacking their neighbour countries.
With the support of military technology and other resources, Hitler began a war called Blitzkrieg, a military operation which was carried out by special army. He
made use of modern vehicles to attack other countries. This strategy allowed him to successfully invade the other countries, such as Poland, Netherland, France,
Austria, and Belgium Tenbrock 297-298.
2.2.2 The Suffering of the Jews under Nazi Regime in Poland
Hitler in his own book Mein Kampf stated that Jews were the cause of all difficulties and suffering in Germany 234-244. When Hitler began his regime,he
ordered German people to to discriminate Jews, forbidding them from having personal properties and job. Jewish people had no rights to live in Germany. It
reached its climax in a brutal program called Holocaust Johnson 487-493. Holocaust is a term used to describe mass murder of more than six million
European Jews during World War II. It was done by Nazi military units. In order to increase the effectiveness of killing Jewish people, Nazi built several death camps
where Jews were imprisoned and killed there. Auschwitz was one of the most horrible death camps during the World War II. It was established in June 1940, in
the town of Auschwitz in Poland, about 30 miles from Krakow. Five gas chambers were built in June 1941. These gas chambers were used as instruments to kill
Jewish prisoners, especially children and old people Johnson 495.
Sosnowski 70 states that the mass killing of Jews was first done to Jewish people from the conquered countries in the East. There were two ways to
accomplish the mass murder: direct extermination, when people were killed in camps or military operations, and indirect extermination, when people died as a
result of extreme conditions such as hard work, diseases or starvation.
2.3 Theoretical Framework
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