Subject Index

Subject Index

A Belize, 32 Abolitionism and media, 226

Benetton, United Colors campaign, Advertising, 92–123

105 alcohol advertising and sports,

Blacks, see African Americans 168

Blogs, 359 cognition and marketing, 105–113

Brazil

deceptive advertising, 108–113 Olympics coverage, 166 drugs, prescription, 122

politics, ideology, and media, 252 ethics in, 101, 103–104

Breast-feeding, 56–57 “Green advertising,” 114 history, 93–94

in schools, 119–120 Captive marketing, 121 on the Internet, 120–122

Catharsis, 274–275, 303 political advertising, 245–251

Cell phone as distraction while product placements, 118–119, 348

driving, 41 psychological appeals in, 95–105

Censorship, 5–6, 200–204 regulation of, 144

Channel One, 135–136 subliminal advertising, 115–116

Children and media, 124–150 to children, 138–144

advertising to children, 138–144 types of, 94–95

and sexual media, 291 African Americans, media portrayals

media literacy, 144–149 of, 66–70

prosocial children’s TV, 127–137 Agenda-setting theory, 34–35

use of different media, 125–127 Aging adults, 80–83

Christian television, see religious Alcohol, values about, 326–327

television All in the Family, 347

Classical conditioning Amistad, 223

in advertising, 113–115 Asian Americans, media portrayals

desensitization, 267–268 of, 74–75

College students, media portrayals of, Arabs and Arab Americans

89 media portrayals of, 7

Computer-mediated communication, Radio Sawa appeal to, 185

12–13, 357–361, 367–370, Arousal, sexual, 292–293

see also Internet Attention, 40

Content analysis, 19–20 Contraception, 297–299

B Creativity and media, 127 Backward messages in music,

Crime coverage, effects of, 212–217 comprehension of, 117

Cultivation theory, 28–30, 251–253, Beer commercials, messages of

269, 350 masculinity in, 63

Subject Index 472

D Fifties (1950s), 320 Debates, televised presidential,

Food styling, 110 235–237

Football, 162–163 Deception in advertising, 108–113

Foreign names for products, 98 Desensitization in response to

Foreign policy, news reporting viewing violent media,

effects on, 217–220 267–268

Framing of political candidates, Disabilities, media portrayals of

238–240 person with, 83–84 Disclaimers in advertising, 139–140

Disorders, psychological, media Gay men, media portrayals of, portrayals of persons with,

Gender bias in sports, 172–175 Docudrama, 221–223

Drugs

advertising of prescription drugs,

122 Health media campaigns, see Social illicit drugs in sports, 176

Marketing

Hero worship and sports, 175–178

Hispanics, see Latinos E Homosexuals, see Gay Men and

Effects of media Lesbians models, 21–22

Horror films, 307–310 strength of, 26–27, 278, 285

Hum Log, 345–347 types of, 22–26

Humor

Elaboration Likelihood Model, 104 in advertising, 102 Election of 2000 (U.S.), coverage of,

psychology of, 45–48 242–245

Electronic vs. print media, 3

Emotion and media, 151–155

sports, 171–172 Identification with media characters, Empathy, 43–44, 276

42–43 Entertainment-Education media,

Imperialism, cultural, 37 344–349

India, 32, 308 ER, 348

Influencing media, 361–365 Exposure research, 21

group efforts, 363–365

individual efforts, 362–363

Internet

F advertising on, 120–122 Families, 320–327

growth of, 354, 367–370 composition of families in media,

uses of, 357–361 321–322

Iran hostage crisis 1979–1981, 197 family relations, 323

Iraq War 2003, 207–208 influence of TV on, 325

Islam, 77, 210 solidarity values, 322–325

Farmers and rural life in media,

Fear Japan, pornography in, 302 appeals in advertising, 100–101

Journalism, science, 365–367

473 A Cognitive Psychology of Mass Communication

L limits of media influence, Landmine avoidance, teaching

222–224 through comic books, 150

manipulation of, 200–208 Latinos

memory for, 209–211 advertising to, 100

political news, 225–245 media portrayals of, 70–72

religion and the news, 330–333 Lawrence, in “For Better or For

responses to crime coverage, Worse,” 79

212–217 Lawyers and the law in media, 86–87

sexual details in, 294–294 Lesbians, media portrayals of, 78–80

violent images, 265 Limited capacity model, 39

Newspaper use, 10–11 Literacy, media, 144–149, 282–284,

Nielsen ratings, 20 311–312

North Korean cinema, 49 Nuclear war

M as entertainment TV, 43 Magazine use, 11–12

news coverage, 193 Men, media portrayals of, 60–65

Mental illness, see Disorders,

psychological Occupations, media portrayals of, Minority portrayals, 65–78

85–89 stages of, 65–66

Older adults, see Aging Modeling effects of viewing

Olympic Games, 163–166 violence, 260–264

Overview of book, 14–17 Mood management through media,

48 P

Murphy Brown and Dan Quayle, 296 Parental mediation of television, Music, popular, 178–186

147–149, 283–284 African pop music, 180

Patriotic appeals, 99–100 as memory cue, 185–186

Perceived reality, 48–52, 271–272 backward messages in, 117

Perfectionism and sports fanship, 172 content of lyrics, 181–183

Persian Gulf War 1991, coverage of, effects of, 183–184

205–207 MTV, 179

Police officers in media, 86 uses and gratifications of,

Polling, public opinion, 232 180–181

Politics, 225–254

campaign coverage, 228–235

N candidates’ use of media, Namibia

237–242 radio in, 11

debates, televised presidential, rich versus poor in, 369–370

235–237 Native Americans, media portrayals

election of 2000, coverage of, of, 72–74

242–245 News coverage, 187–245

moderation, TV as cultivator of as creating a perceived reality,

political, 251–253 199–208

political advertising, 245–251 characteristics of newsworthy

Pornography, see Sex in media events, 191–198

Pornography commissions 1970,

Subject Index 474

Product placements, 118–119, 348 Sexes, portrayals of, 54–65 Pseudo-events, 240–241

effects of portrayals, 63–65 Psychologists and psychiatrists in

Simpson, O.J., trial of, 199 media, 87–88

Simpsons, 329 Public Service Announcements

Singapore, 32 (PSAs),

Slasher movies, 307–310 see also Social Marketing

Social cognitive theory, 27–28 for AIDS, 177, 343–344

Socialization theories, 30–31 Social marketing, 335–344

R audience factors, 338–339 Racial bias in sports coverage,

obstacles to, 336–338 174–175

positive effects of, 339–341 Radio use, 9–10

public health media campaigns, Rape, see Sexual Violence

341–344 Ratings, MPAA, 13, 283

Soul City, 345–347 Reading in competition with TV, 128

Sports and media, 155–178 Reality shows, 351

history of, 156–157 Religion, 328–335

how TV has changed, 157–166 effects of TV on, 334–335

psychological issues in, 166–178 in TV series, 328–329

Stanford Five-City Multifactor Risk religion and news, 330–333

Reduction Project, 342–343 religious professionals, portrayals

Stereotyping of groups in media, of, 329

53–91 religious television, 333–334

Subliminal messages, 113–117 Research frameworks, 19–27

Subtitles in film and TV, 355 Risks, misperceptions from news

Suicides, media as trigger, 217 reporting, 212–217

Suspense, 44–45

Suspension of disbelief, 41–42

Schema theory, 35–39

Science shows for children, 135 Talk shows on TV, 154–155 Sensation-seeking, 276

Teen shows on TV, 136–137 Sensitization as response to media

Television

violence, 264–267 use by groups, 6–9 Sesame Street, 129–132

stages of impact, 8 Sex in media, 287–316

technological advances, 356–357 content analyses, 288–292

worldwide growth, 353–354 effects of viewing, 292–304

Testimonials in advertising, 103–104, in advertising, 113–115

176 prevailing tone, 303–304

Theories of mass communication promiscuity and U.S. Presidents,

research, 27–39 234

Third-person effect, 25 scientific theory and ideology,

Tobacco

315 advertising and role modeling, sex crimes, 294, 301–303,

values about, 326–327 sexual values, 293–299

Toys and television, 140–142

475 A Cognitive Psychology of Mass Communication

U Vietnam War Uses and gratifications theory, 31–34

in movies, 266 Violence, 255–286

V effects of viewing, 257–275 V-chip, 282–283

longitudinal studies, 277–279 Values and media, 317–335

public perception of research, alcohol and tobacco, 326–327

279–280 economic, 326

sexual violence, 305–314 family, 320–325

sports violence, 170–171 religion, 328–335

video games, 280–282 sexual 293–299

who watches it, 275–276 Wal-Mart as values gatekeeper,

336

Vamp and virgin narratives of Wal-Mart and values, 336 reporting rape, 312–314

Weather forecasts, 190 Video games, violence, 280–282

Weight loss, 57 Women, media portrayals of, 54–60