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The samples picked out from the population are 24 students coming from two classes. One class will be used as the experimental group and the other one as the
control group. The control group is taught through synthetic phonics approach. The experimental group gets analytical phonics treatment.
2. Sample
A sample in a group of individuals who represents a larger population Fraenkel and Wallen, 2000: 103. Sample is some or part of investigated variable Suharsimi,
1997: 117. In line with Suharsimi, Fraenkel and Wallen, Gay 1992: 125 clarifies that sample is a group of subjects which usually represents the larger group from
which they are selected. It means that sample is a part of population from which the research data are obtained. Johnson and Christensen 2000: 158 express that a
sample is a set of elements taken from a larger population according to certain rules. In this thesis, the writer would like to emphasize that sample is a part of the
population to represent the data. Since there are two classes in the second year of Kindergarten, the researcher takes those two classes to be the sample. It is usually
called total sampling. The sample of this research is the second year kindergarten students, two classes,
of Tunas Bangsa School in the academic year of 20102011. The two classes are chosen because they have the same ability and characteristics. This is based on the
students’ pre-test scores. The classes are Kindergarten B1 which consists of 12 students and Kindergarten B2 which consists of 12 students. Therefore, the total
number of the sample is 24 students.
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3. Sampling
Sampling is the process of drawing a sample from the population Mason and Bramble, 1997: 113. The writer would like to take the total samples from a
population. There are 24 kindergarten students in Tunas Bangsa School who are divided into two classrooms. Therefore, these two classes are going to be used as the
samples of the research. As the sample, the learners have common characteristics of population. They are as follows:
a. The learners are in kindergarten 2 level in the academic year 20102011. b. The students are taught by the same teacher.
c. The students have the same English competence, based on the students’ pre-
test. d. The students in one class are taught through analytical phonics approach.
e. The other class is taught by synthetic phonics approach. The treatments are applied to the samples.
D. Techniques of Collecting Data
