1.2 Problem of the Study
According to the background mentioned above, the problems of the analysis are formulated as follows :
1. How many types of acronym found in The Jakarta Post articles?
2. What are the syllable structure formation of the acronyms found in The Jakarta Post
articles?
1.3 Objective of the Study
Objectives of study are to find out the : 1.
To describe the types of acronym in The Jakarta Post Article 2.
To identify the syllable structural formation of the acronyms in The Jakarta Post article.
1.4 Scope of the Study
The disscusion of this reasearch will be specified on describing the type of acronym and the formation processes of the acronym found in The Jakarta Post article, based on Bauer
theory. Articles analysed are published on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 23, 26, 28, 29, and 30 December 2012.
1.5 Significanance of the Study
This reasearch will gave a valuable and significance of the study to describe the type of acronym in The Jakarta Post article and to analysis the form in order to build a new acronym
from the data The Jakarta Post article.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Word Formation As mentionedearlierin theintroductory chapter,
this studywilldiscuss theacronyms.Therefore, this studywillusethe theoriesandopinions of expertsareusefulto
analyzethe data.Thischapteralso describesthe conceptof theabbreviation, acronymanddistributionthatwillbe usefulandhelpful inthis analysis.
Theoretical basisused inthis studyarethe conceptsthat explainabbreviationsandacronyms. There aresomeexpertswhohaveexpressed their opinions
about theabbreviationsandacronyms, such as, Francis Katamba 2002, William O’Grady 2005 dan Laurie Bauer 1985 .Opinion will be a major cornerstone in this study are are
opinion from Laurie Bauer 1985 . Meanwhile,the opinions expressedby Francis Katamba 2002, and William O’Grady 2005 Willbe usedto supplement theopinions proposed by
Laurie Bauer 1985. William O’Grady 2005 : 137 Acronym are formed by taking the initial letter of
some or all the words in a phrase or title and pronouncing them as a word . this type of word formation is especially common in names of organization and in military and scientific
terminology. Abdul Chaer explained , Acronym is the process of formation of a word by way of
abbreviating a concept that is realized in the construction of more than a word. Katamba 2002 : 183 ,says that acronym is word forming a complex expression
reffering to the name of Organization, company or a scientific concept may be reduce to their initial letters alone which together represent sound that from perfectly acceptable syllables and
hence can be pronounce as word.
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Word formation is a morphological process, supposed to form new words by compounding it or adding prefixes. This term has not special attention in linguistic.
Adams Adams : 1973 mention the reasons why word formation becomes uninteresting subject to disdcuss, it is difficult to find a general statement about word-
formation. Besides, it is connection with non-linguistic world of things and ideas for wich word provide the name and it is equivocal position as between descriptive and historical
studies. Jackson and Amvela : 2005 By “word-formatin process” we mean the different
devices whics are used in English to build new words from existing ones. Each word-formation process will result in the production of specific type of word. Consequently , an understanding
of these processes is one way of studying the different types of word that exist in English. Here are the word formation processes :
2.1.1 Compounding According to O’Grady and Guzman 1996 says it is defined as combination of some
lexical categories such as adjectives, nouns, verbs, or preposition in purpose of constructing a large unit of word, for examples : Facebook from Noun + Noun, come-on from Verb +
preposition, Anticlimax from Adjective + Noun.
2.1.2 Borrowing Hatch and Brown 1995It is all language-borrowed word from other language , for
example : Democracy drived from greek language demos and cartos, Yogurt a kind of drink wich is fermented from milk it is from Turkish.
2.1.3 Coinage O’Grady and Guzman 1996 says a word may be produced by hand writing or by
computer that is called word manufacture or coinage. This phenomenon can be faound
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generally in industrial field that need a latest and eye-catching name for goods, for example, brand name the first product name sometimes become so widely used that they are accepred
as generic terms and generalized into the other product name : xerox for photo copy, Vaseline for hand and body lotion, Rinso for detergent, ect.
2.1.4 Blending
Hatch and Brown 1995 says it is taking only the beginning of one word and joining it to the end of the other word. Some examples of bending can be seen : Brunch,from breakfast-
luch,Motel from Motor – Hotel,Smog from Smoke-Fog.
2.1.5 Clipping
O’Grady and Guzman 1996 says clipping is a process where a polysyllabic word is eliminated it is one or more syllable so that it becomes shorter.
Allan 1986 in his book divides three categories of clipping, they are : a.
Foreclipping, are those with the first part of the original word cut off , for examples : Burger for hamburger, phone for telephone.
b. Backclipping , where the end of the original has been shorn off, for examples : lab
for laboratory, demo for demonstration.
2.1.6 Backformation O’Grady and Guzman 1996 says to make a new word by deleting actual affix from
other word in a language is called “BackFormation”, here are some examples of banck formation , for examples : housekeep from housekeeper, boigraph from biography.
2.1.7 Inflection Word class or meaning , there are some kinds of inflection :
a. Plural suffixes -s which are added to noun
e.g : book books
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b. Plura suffixes -en which are added to noun
e.g : child children c.
Past tense morpheme -ed which are addedd to verbs e.g : watch watched
2.1.8 Derivation O’Grady and Guzman 1996 state that a process when a word is created where its
meaning andor its category is different from its base by adding an affix is called derivation. Here are examples of this kond of word formation process :
a. Noun to Adjective : boy + ish boyish b. Verb to Noun : sing + er singer
c. Adjective to adverb : happy + ly happily
2.1.9 Ciliticization
Some words are enable to stand alone as independent forms for phonological reasons. Such elements, called clitics, must be attached to another word in the sentence, there are some
example of cliticization : a.
I’m leaving now b.
They’re here now.
2.1.10 Reduplication
Reduplication duplicates all or part of the base to which it applies to mark a grammatical or semantic contrast. Furthermore, there are two kinds of this kind word formation
process, full reduplication and partial one.Example of full reduplication in Indonesian : a.
Orang man orang-orang men b.
Anak child anak-anak children
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2.1.11 Abbreviation
According to Kridalaksana 2007 abbreviation is a process of putting off one or some parts of lexeme or a combination of lexemes so it becomes a new word form.sometimes
abbreviations carry over into spoken language, for example: Written Abbreviations
cm – centimeters Dr. – doctor
Spoken-Written Abbreviations A.M. – ante meridiem [in the morning]
VIP – very important person There are two kinds of abbreviation, they are:
a. Initialism
Intialism is a type of abbreviation formed by the initial letters of the words and read them by spelling each word, for example: UN for United Nations.
b. Acronym
Acronym is formed by taking the initial letters of some or all of the words in a phrase or title and reading them as a word, for example: NATO for North Atlantic
Treaty Organisation O’Grady and Guzman, 1996. 2.2 Acronym
Laurie Bauer 1985 an acronym is a word coined by taking the initial letters of the word in a title or phrase and using them as new word.for example Strategic Arms Limitation
Talks gives SALT. However, not every abbreviation counts as an acronym : to be an acronym the new word must not be pronounced as a series of letters,but as a word. The lack of
predictability in acronym stems from at least two sources.
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The analysis is based on Bauer Theory on acronym. Acronyming forming processed can be devided into two :
1 Forming processed acronym by deciding factor whit the “ initial letters”of the pharase
will be taken include, such as : a EAS abreviated from “ East Asia Summit” 2 December 2012, b IPA abreviated from “ Indonesian Petroleum assosiation “20
Decemner 2012, c TAW abreviated from “ Terrain awareness warning system “ , d AGO abreviated from “Attorney General Office “ 11 December 2012 IPOC
abreviated from “Indonesian Palm Oil Conference “ 1 December 2012 2
Forming Processed acronyms by the lack of predictability,where the letters are not strictly speaking initial letters in the words in a phrase, such as a USADA abreviated
from “ Usanti Doping Agency “ 29 December 2012, b KOICA abreviated from “Korea International Coorperation Commands”28 December 2012 , c NORAD
abreviated fron “ North America Aerospace Commans “ 27 December 2012, d ANEX abreviated from “ Asean News Excanghe.
3 The analysis of syllable structure of acronym based on Kiparskys theory, he described
the string of syllable which is good or bad. Common or good rythm according to kiparski was, the combination of phonemes arranged become a syllable such as:
VCVexample : ASA Asian Soccer Academy, CVCexample : CAR Capital Adequa Ratio , VC, CV, and the uncommon or bad syllable was CCV or VCC.
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2.3 Previous Research
Studies of acronyms and abbreviations in written media ever done before. Authors found a thesis written by Ayu Indra Pratwi 2008 the Faculty of Cultural Studies, Universitas
Indonesia student,regardingthe abbreviations contained in the magazine from the teen magazinesGadis in 2007. Ayu describe patterns of abbreviations and acronyms contained in
Gadismagazine and which dominant patterns in use in the magazine. Of these studies showed that stands in Gadis magazine in 2007 classified in to 2 patterns. Meanwhile, the acronym in
Gadis magazine in 2007 can be grouped or classified into 13 patterns. And to prove that he has the acronym stands funds diverse patterns.
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CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE STUDY
There are some different methods can be applied in order to do a research or writing. For example : library research, field reserch, experiment,ect. This time on these circumstances,
the writer of this thesis used qualitative descriptive descriptive analysis, as we may know that the data used by the writer in writing this thesis are taken from written text. The source of data
is obtained from article in The Jakarta Post newspaper published on December 2012.
3.1 Reaserch Design
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