An Analysis On Acronym Found In“ The Jakarta Post ” Articles

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AN ANALYSIS ON ACRONYM FOUND IN“ THE JAKARTA POST ” ARTICLES

A THESIS

ADINDA PUSPITA KUSUMAHATI REG. NO. 110721019

DEPARTEMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2013

AN ANALYSIS ON ACRONYM FOUND IN “ THE JAKARTA POST ” ARTICLES

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A THESIS

ADINDA PUSPITA KUSUMAHATI REG. NO. 110721019

SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR

Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S 1954117 198003 1 002

Dr. Rahmadsyah, M.A

Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Departement of English

DEPARTEMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2013

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Aproved by the Departement of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.

Head, Secretary,

Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S

1954117 198003 1 002 19590419 198102 2 001

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Aproved by the Board Examiners in the partial Fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Departement of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.

The examination is held in Departement of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on ...

Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara

Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A NIP. 10511013 197603 1 001

Board of Examiners

(Name) (Signature)

... ... ... ...

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AUTHOR’S DECLRATION

I ADINDA PUSPITA KESUMA HATI HARAHAP DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED ON WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO ANITHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.

Signed : Date :

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COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

NAME : ADINDA PUSPITA KESUMA HATI HARAHAP

TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS ON ACROMYN IN “THE JAKARTA POST ARTICLE”

QUALIFICATION : S-1 / SARJANA SASTRA

DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH

IAM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTEMENT OF ENGLISH , FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES , UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USER ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.

Signed : Date :

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ABSTRAK

Skripsi ini diberi judul “ An analysis of Acronym In The Jakara Post Article” yang menganalisa tentang acronym yang terdapat dalam artikel harian The Jakarta . Bentuk kependekan dalam bahasa Inggris yang di dalamnya termasuk singkatan dan akronim muncul karena terdesak oleh kebutuhan berbahasa secara praktis dan cepat. Oleh karena itu semakin sering ditemukan singkatan dan akronim baru. Akronim tersebut muncul dengan maksud untuk membuat masyarakat lebih akrab dengan struktur akronim tersebut. Analisa data dibagi dalam 2 bagian, yaitu berapa banyak tipe akronim yang di temukan dalam harian The Jakarta Post artikel dan bagaimana struktur bentuk dari akronim yag terdapat pada artikel- artikel di harian The Jakarta Post. Ke dua analisis tersebut dipresentasikan melalui harian The Jakarta Post yang terbit pada tanggal 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,14,15,16,17,19,20,23,26,28,29, dan 30 December 2012.

Skripsi ini terdiri dari 5 bab , yakni Bab pendahuluan, Bab Lnadasan Teori, Bab Metode Penelitian, Bab Analisis dan Bab Kesimpulan dan Saran. Pada Bab I akan dijelaskan mengenai latar belakang penelitian, rumusan masalah dan pembatasan , tujuan dan manfaat penelitian . pada Bab II akan difokuskan mengenai landasan teori pembagian akronim dan struktur bunyi kata . Pada Bab III akan dirumuskan mengenai metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pada Bab IV , akan memaparkan data akronim yang terdapat pada harian The Jakarta Post. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dibagi dalam dua kelompok : beraturan dan tidak beraturan. Lalu data di analisis berdasarkan struktur suku kata yang medeskripsikan pembentukan struktur bunyi akronim .Pada Bab V , akan dirumuskan mengenai kesimpulan dan saran.

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ABSTRACT

This study entitled "An Analysis of Acronym In The Jakara Post Article" which analyzes about the acronym contained in the article The Jakarta Post. Abreviation form of the English language which includes abbreviations and acronyms appear as driven by the need to speak practically and quickly. Therefore, the more often found new abbreviations and acronyms. The acronym appears with the intent to make people more familiar with the structure of the acronym. Data analysis is divided into two parts, specifically how many types of acronyms found in the Jakarta Post article and how the structure of the form of the acronym contained in the articles in The Jakarta Post. Both of analysis presented by the Jakarta Post published on December 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,14,15,16,17,19,20,23,26, 28,29, and 30 December 2012.

This thesis consists of 5 chapters, chapter I: introduction , Chapter II :Riview of Literature,Chapter III Method of Study , Chapter IV Analysis and Finding and Chapter V Conclusions and Recommendations. In Chapter I, I will explain the background of the research, the formulation of problems and restrictions, objectives and benefits of the research. In Chapter II will focus on the theoretical basis of the distribution of the sound structure of words and acronyms. In Chapter III will be formulated regarding the descriptive qualitative research methods. In Chapter IV, will present the data contained in the acronym daily The Jakarta Post. The data collected were divided into two groups: regular and irregular. Then the data were analyzed based on syllable structure medeskripsikan acronyms sound structure formation. Meanwhile, Chapter V, will be formulated regarding the conclusions and suggestions.

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ABSTRACT ... i

TABLE OF CONTENT ... iii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Problems of the Study ... 3

1.3 Objective of the Study ... 3

1.4 Scope of the Study ... 3

1.5 Significance of the Study ... 4

CHAPTER II RIVIEW OF LITERATURE ... 5

2.1 Word Formation ... 6

2.1.1 Compounding ... 6

2.1.2 Borrowing ... 7

2.1.3 Coinage... 7

2.1.4 Blending ... 7

2.1.5 Clipping ... 7

2.1.6 Back Formation ... 8

2.1.7 Inflection ... 8

2.1.8 Derivation ... 8

2.1.9 Ciliticization ... 9

2.1.10 Reduplication ... 9

2.1.11 Abreviation ... 9

2.2 Acronym ... 10

2.3 Preview Research... 12

CHAPTER III METHOD OF STUDY ... 13

3.1 Research Design ... 13

3.2 Instrument of Collecting the Data ... 14

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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING ... 16

4.1 Data ... 17

4.1.1 Analysis of Acronym Structure ... 19

4.2 Analysis Syllable Structure of Acronym ... 30

4.3 Finding ...49

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 50

5.1 Conclusion ... 50

5.2 Sugggestion ... 51

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ABSTRAK

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ABSTRACT

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of Study

Acronyms and abbreviations are the element of languages.There is no clear sign when they were started to use but nowadays they cannotbe seperated from any of the modern lanuages.Abreviations and acronyms help people to shorten often longer word formation into a smaller fron often counting few letters.Togive example,United state of America can be abbreviated to USA,leaving out the preposition. Acronym are parts of abbreviation an acronym is an abbreviation formed from the initial components in phrase or a word. Acronym is formed by taking the initial letter of some or all of the words in a phrase or title and reading them as a new word.

An acronym is a word coined by taking the initial letters of the words in a title or phrase and using them as a new word ( Bauer, 1985 : 237) . For example Strategic Arms Limitation Talks gives SALT, Indonesian Palm Oil Conference gives IPOC, International Security Asistance Force give ISAF.

Word forming a complex expression refering to the name of organization , company or a scientific concept may be reduced to their initialletters alone which together represent sound that from perfectly acceptable syllables and hence can be pronounce as word ( Katamba, 2002).

In general , language usersdo not get difficult teach when they have touse theabbreviationandacronym. It is happensbecause thenumber ofabbreviationsandacronymsare nottoomuchandstill can bepronounced.

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However , not every abbreviation counts as acronym : to be an acronym the new word must not be pronounce as a series of letters, but as a word. Thus if Value Added Tax is called / vi ei ti/ , that is an abbreviation , but if it is called /vᴂt/ , it has became an acronym.( Bauer , 1985: 237).

Daily news as a mass media , play important rule in producing new words, such as acronym , for example POD : Plan Of Development, WADA : World Anti Doping Agency , ASITA : Association of Indonesian Tour and Travel Agencies, MAS : Malaysia Airlines .( The Jakarta Post).

Word which the user affectively used every day will be known by the speaker and became a vocabulary in that language. Word or acronym that are coming into one language must have a regular rules in order the language becomes structured. The Jakarta Post was one of daily news using English . This daily news is one of the famous English daily news in Indonesia . Acronym as universal item, it is also found in articles in the jakarta post .

In POD and WADA they make the acronym based on the initial letters and it seen customary and it can pronounce as a word, and if we go to the ASITA it is not come from the initial letters, they use two letters begin on the first word and relieve one letter (T), it is happend to convenience of the speakear, if we make abberviation based on begin latter it will be “AITTA”. MAS as acronym have a different way to make it as a new word, they take the letter begin and use the last letter to make this as a new word and it is more easy to pronounce and to rember, because as a brand is important to be familiar to the crowd.

This study will look out the acronym formation proccess and classifying them from linguistic point of view. From , type and structure of acronym as found in articles of The Jakarta Post will be the pivot point of analysis.

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1.2 Problem of the Study

According to the background mentioned above, the problems of the analysis are formulated as follows :

1. How many types of acronym found in The Jakarta Post articles?

2. What are the syllable structure formation of the acronyms found in The Jakarta Post articles?

1.3 Objective of the Study

Objectives of study are to find out the :

1. To describe the types of acronym in The Jakarta Post Article

2. To identify the syllable structural formation of the acronyms in The Jakarta Post article.

1.4 Scope of the Study

The disscusion of this reasearch will be specified on describing the type of acronym and the formation processes of the acronym found in The Jakarta Post article, based on Bauer theory. Articles analysed are published on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 23, 26, 28, 29, and 30 December 2012.

1.5 Significanance of the Study

This reasearch will gave a valuable and significance of the study to describe the type of acronym in The Jakarta Post article and to analysis the form in order to build a new acronym from the data The Jakarta Post article.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1 Word Formation

As mentionedearlierin theintroductory chapter, this studywilldiscuss theacronyms.Therefore, this studywillusethe theoriesandopinions of expertsareusefulto analyzethe data.Thischapteralso describesthe conceptof theabbreviation, acronymanddistributionthatwillbe usefulandhelpful inthis analysis.

Theoretical basisused inthis studyarethe conceptsthat explainabbreviationsandacronyms. There aresomeexpertswhohaveexpressed their opinions

about theabbreviationsandacronyms, such as, Francis Katamba (2002), William O’Grady( 2005) dan Laurie Bauer ( 1985) .Opinion will be a major cornerstone in this study are are opinion from Laurie Bauer (1985) . Meanwhile,the opinions expressedby Francis Katamba (2002), and William O’Grady (2005) Willbe usedto supplement theopinions proposed by Laurie Bauer (1985).

William O’Grady ( 2005 : 137 )Acronym are formed by taking the initial letter of (some or all) the words in a phrase or title and pronouncing them as a word . this type of word formation is especially common in names of organization and in military and scientific terminology.

Abdul Chaer explained , Acronym is the process of formation of a word by way of abbreviating a concept that is realized in the construction of more than a word.

Katamba ( 2002 : 183) ,says that acronym is word forming a complex expression reffering to the name of Organization, company or a scientific concept may be reduce to their initial letters alone which together represent sound that from perfectly acceptable syllables and hence can be pronounce as word.

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Word formation is a morphological process, supposed to form new words by compounding it or adding prefixes. This term has not special attention in linguistic.

Adams (Adams : 1973) mention the reasons why word formation becomes uninteresting subject to disdcuss, it is difficult to find a general statement about word-formation. Besides, it is connection with non-linguistic world of things and ideas for wich word provide the name and it is equivocal position as between descriptive and historical studies.

(Jackson and Amvela : 2005) By “word-formatin process” we mean the different devices whics are used in English to build new words from existing ones. Each word-formation process will result in the production of specific type of word. Consequently , an understanding of these processes is one way of studying the different types of word that exist in English. Here are the word formation processes :

2.1.1 Compounding

According to O’Grady and Guzman (1996) says it is defined as combination of some

lexical categories such as adjectives, nouns, verbs, or preposition in purpose of constructing a large unit of word, for examples : Facebook from Noun + Noun, come-on from Verb + preposition, Anticlimax from Adjective + Noun.

2.1.2 Borrowing

Hatch and Brown (1995)It is all language-borrowed word from other language , for

example : Democracy drived from greek language demos and cartos, Yogurt ( a kind of drink wich is fermented from milk) it is from Turkish.

2.1.3 Coinage

O’Grady and Guzman ( 1996) says a word may be produced by hand writing or by

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generally in industrial field that need a latest and eye-catching name for goods, for example, brand name (the first product name) sometimes become so widely used that they are accepred as generic terms and generalized into the other product name : xerox for photo copy, Vaseline for hand and body lotion, Rinso for detergent, ect.

2.1.4 Blending

Hatch and Brown ( 1995) says it is taking only the beginning of one word and joining it to the end of the other word. Some examples of bending can be seen : Brunch,from breakfast- luch,Motel from Motor – Hotel,Smog from Smoke-Fog.

2.1.5 Clipping

O’Grady and Guzman (1996) says clipping is a process where a polysyllabic word is eliminated it is one or more syllable so that it becomes shorter.

Allan (1986) in his book divides three categories of clipping, they are :

a. Foreclipping, are those with the first part of the original word cut off , for examples : Burger for hamburger, phone for telephone.

b. Backclipping , where the end of the original has been shorn off, for examples : lab for laboratory, demo for demonstration.

2.1.6 Backformation

O’Grady and Guzman (1996) says to make a new word by deleting actual affix from

other word in a language is called “BackFormation”, here are some examples of banck formation , for examples : housekeep from housekeeper, boigraph from biography.

2.1.7 Inflection

Word class or meaning , there are some kinds of inflection :

a. Plural suffixes /-s/ which are added to noun e.g : book ( books)

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b. Plura suffixes /-en/ which are added to noun e.g : child ( children)

c. Past tense morpheme /-ed/ which are addedd to verbs e.g : watch ( watched)

2.1.8 Derivation

O’Grady and Guzman (1996) state that a process when a word is created where its

meaning and/or its category is different from its base by adding an affix is called derivation. Here are examples of this kond of word formation process :

a. Noun to Adjective : boy + ish ( boyish ) b. Verb to Noun : sing + er ( singer)

c. Adjective to adverb : happy + ly ( happily)

2.1.9 Ciliticization

Some words are enable to stand alone as independent forms for phonological reasons. Such elements, called clitics, must be attached to another word in the sentence, there are some example of cliticization :

a. I’m leaving now b. They’re here now.

2.1.10 Reduplication

Reduplication duplicates all or part of the base to which it applies to mark a grammatical or semantic contrast. Furthermore, there are two kinds of this kind word formation process, full reduplication and partial one.Example of full reduplication in Indonesian :

a. Orang (man) ( orang-orang (men)

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2.1.11 Abbreviation

According to Kridalaksana (2007) abbreviation is a process of putting off one or some parts of lexeme or a combination of lexemes so it becomes a new word form.sometimes abbreviations carry over into spoken language, for example:

Written Abbreviations cm – centimeter(s) Dr. – doctor

Spoken-Written Abbreviations

A.M. – ante meridiem [in the morning] VIP – very important person

There are two kinds of abbreviation, they are: a. Initialism

Intialism is a type of abbreviation formed by the initial letters of the words and read them by spelling each word, for example: UN for United Nations.

b. Acronym

Acronym is formed by taking the initial letters of some or all of the words in a phrase or title and reading them as a word, for example: NATO for North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (O’Grady and Guzman, 1996).

2.2 Acronym

Laurie Bauer ( 1985) an acronym is a word coined by taking the initial letters of the word in a title or phrase and using them as new word.for example Strategic Arms Limitation Talks gives SALT. However, not every abbreviation counts as an acronym : to be an acronym the new word must not be pronounced as a series of letters,but as a word. The lack of predictability in acronym stems from at least two sources.

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The analysis is based on Bauer Theory on acronym. Acronyming forming processed can be devided into two :

(1) Forming processed acronym by deciding factor whit the “ initial letters”of the pharase will be taken include, such as : (a) EAS abreviated from “ East Asia Summit” ( 2 December 2012), (b) IPA abreviated from “ Indonesian Petroleum assosiation “(20 Decemner 2012), (c) TAW abreviated from “ Terrain awareness warning system “ , (d) AGO abreviated from “Attorney General Office “ ( 11 December 2012) IPOC abreviated from “Indonesian Palm Oil Conference “ ( 1 December 2012)

(2) Forming Processed acronyms by the lack of predictability,where the letters are not strictly speaking initial letters in the words in a phrase, such as (a) USADA abreviated from “ Usanti Doping Agency “( 29 December 2012), (b) KOICA abreviated from “Korea International Coorperation Commands”(28 December 2012) , (c) NORAD abreviated fron “ North America Aerospace Commans “ (27 December 2012), ( d) ANEX abreviated from “ Asean News Excanghe.

(3) The analysis of syllable structure of acronym based on Kiparskys theory, he described the string of syllable which is good or bad. Common or good rythm according to kiparski was, the combination of phonemes arranged become a syllable such as:

VCVexample : ASA ( Asian Soccer Academy), CVCexample : CAR ( Capital Adequa

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2.3 Previous Research

Studies of acronyms and abbreviations in written media ever done before. Authors found a thesis written by Ayu Indra Pratwi (2008) the Faculty of Cultural Studies, Universitas Indonesia student,regardingthe abbreviations contained in the magazine from the teen magazinesGadis in 2007. Ayu describe patterns of abbreviations and acronyms contained in Gadismagazine and which dominant patterns in use in the magazine. Of these studies showed that stands in Gadis magazine in 2007 classified in to 2 patterns. Meanwhile, the acronym in Gadis magazine in 2007 can be grouped or classified into 13 patterns. And to prove that he has the acronym stands funds diverse patterns.

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CHAPTER III

METHOD OF THE STUDY

There are some different methods can be applied in order to do a research or writing. For example : library research, field reserch, experiment,ect. This time on these circumstances, the writer of this thesis used qualitative descriptive descriptive analysis, as we may know that the data used by the writer in writing this thesis are taken from written text. The source of data is obtained from article in The Jakarta Post newspaper published on December 2012.

3.1 Reaserch Design

The writer use the descriptive method in conduct the research. This research is going to determine the nature of how a new expression is created, in this case, the specific situation is dealing with the acronym that has found in The Jakarta Post article. Thus , the aim of descriptive study in this study is to tell how many types of acronym found in The Jakarta Post article and what are the structural formation that the writer have found in the article. I would rather seek information about the acronym using in The Jakarta Post 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15,16, 17, 19, 20, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30 December 2012.

So it means that the insrument of collecting required data are the article from The Jakarta Post daily news . She will list down all the acronym that she has found and use the data for the analysis and will used the acronym as her data to do her works.

3.2 The Instrument of Collecting Data

In this study, the writer analys the type of acronym and what are the structural formation of the acronym that has found in The Jakarta Post article. The data taken from The Jakarta Post article .

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3.3 Procedur of Analysing The Data

After collect all the newspaper, the writter find out the acronym in all article in The Jakarta Post dailynewsand list down all the acronym, here the writer will mention the procedurs :

a. First , collect all The Jakarta Post dailynews from December 2012 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30)

b. Second, the writer read all the article on The Jakarta Post, and find out the acronym from all article in The Jakarta Post daily news.

c. Third, after the writer have found all the acronym, then list down all the acronym and keep it as the data for the research.

d. And continue to the forth step grouping and classifying the acronym according to their types, in here the writer use Laurie Buer theory, Buer mention, she devide acronym into two types :

1. Forming processed acronym by deciding factor whit the “ initial letters”of the pharase will be taken include, such as : (a) SIR abreviated from “ Standart Indonesian Rubber “( 14 December 2012), (b) IPA abreviated from “ Indonesian Petroleum assosiation “(20 Decemner 2012), (c) TAW abreviated from “ Terrain awareness warning system “ , (d) ATC abreviated from “ Air Trafic Control “ ( 17 December 2012) IPOC abreviated from “Indonesian Palm Oil Conference “ ( 1 December 2012)

2. Forming Processed acronyms by the lack of predictability,where the letters are not strictly speaking initial letters in the words in a phrase, such as (a) USADA abreviated from “ Usanti Doping Agency “( 29 December 2012), (b) KOICA abreviated from “Korea International Coorperation Commands”(28 December 2012) , (c) NORAD abreviated fron “ North America Aerospace Commans “ (27 December 2012), ( d)

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e. Analyzing the syllable structure

The CVX theory of syllable structure by Kiparskys (1980), described the string of syllable which is good pr bad. Common or good rythim according to Kiparski was, the combination of phonemes arranged become a syllable: VCV, CVC, VC, CV, and the uncommon or bad syllable was CCV or VCC.

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4 . ANALYSIS AND FINDING

The concept that authors used to analyze the concept of Laurie Bauer (1985). Based on these concepts can be concluded that an abbreviation can be one letters or a combination of several letters. Letter or combination of letters that can be pronounced as spelled misuse by letter and read as a word.

Acronym may occur due to the perpetuation of the letters in a word or few. The letter may consist of a single letter or combination of several letters. From the data that is analyzed in The Jakarta Post daily find two types acronym.

Acronym found in The Jakarta Post newspaper article in 2012 will classified based on their type. The data has found in the article published by From the data in The Jakarta Post published on 2012, all the acronym has taken was from the English acronym.The authors will conducted classified or grouping the data by type, that is based on the initials stands and unpredictable.

As explained in the introductory chapter, in the manage the data is, first author mark the words that the author assumes that is acronym, after getting acronym words contained in the article in the Jakarta Post newspaper writer then registering these words into two types types of acronym ,initials and unpredictable.

4.1 Analysis Data

Theanalysisconducted by the authorsthe data, the writer found 52acronymusedas data.

Datatakenfrom theacronymin EnglishonTheJakartaPostdailyonPost 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15,16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23,24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, and 31 December 2012. In this chapter, the analysis will starts to grouping the data into two types acronym , the type

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of acronym is initial letters and unpredictable. After that, it will be described again acronym based structural formationnya. The following will describe the results of the analysis by type and the acronym structural formation. The data as follow ,

1. MAS : Monetary Authority of Singapore 2. IPOC : Indonesian Palm Oil Conferen

3. ASITA : Association of Indonesian Tour and Travel Agencies 4. ASEAN: Association of South East Asian Nation

5. POD : Plan Of Development

6. LIBOR : London Interbank Offered Rate 7 IRESS : Indonesian Resources Studies

8 OPEC : Organization of Petrolium Exporting Countries 9 FAO : Food and Agriculture Organization

10JICA : Japan International Cooperation Assosiation 11STEP : Special Term for Economic Partnership 12ISAF : International Security Asistance Force 13CAR : Capital Adequa Ratio

14CAPEX : Capital Expenditure 15ASA : Asia Soccer Academy 16ESA : Endangered Species Act

17STEP : Special Term For Economic Partnership 18. PIN : Personal Identification Number

19. JAL : Japan Airlines

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22.NIWA : National Institute of Water and Athmospheric 23.CAM : Complemantary and Alternative Medicine 24.INSA : Indonesian National Ship-owner Association 25.ISOM : Informal Senior Official’s Meeting

26.ULI : Urban Land Institute

27.NEC : National Election Commision

28.ICOR : Incremental Capital Output Ratio 29. SMES : Small and Medium Enterprieses 30. AGO : Attorney General Office

31. IHEU : International Humanist and Ethical Union 32. WIC : Women Internationa Club

33. INDEF : Institute for Development of Economic and Finance 34. SIR : Standart Indonesian Rubber

35. SARC : Syrian Arab Red Cresent

36. MICE : Meeting, Incentives,Convention and Exhibitions 38. Technical Assistance Contract

39. .JAATS : Jakarta Automated Air Traffic Service 41. TAWS : Terrain Awarness Warning System

42. IPO : Initial Public Offering

43 OSCE : Organization for Security and cooperation in Europe 44 MENA : Middle East- North Africa

45 IFRA : International Fragarance Association 46 APSA : Asia Pasific Screen Awards

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49 APSA : Asia Pasicif Screen Award

50 NORAD : North American Aerospace Command’s 51 KOICA : Korea International Cooperation Agency 52 USADA : US Anti-Doping Agency

4.1.1 Data Classification

Datawill bedivided intotwogroups, basedonbauer, she divide acronym intotwo types, namely the initiallettersandunpredictable, and therefore the authorwillclassifythe data intotwotypesbased ontheformation.

a ) Initial Letters Data

1 MAS : Monetary Authority of Singapore 2 IPOC : Indonesian Palm Oil Conference

3 ASEAN : Association of South East Asian Nation 4 POD : Plan Of Development

5 EAS : East Asia Summit

6 WADA : World Anti Doping Agency

7 OPEC : Organization of Petrolium Exporting Countries 8 FAO : Food and Agriculture Organization

9 JICA : Japan International Cooperation Assosiation 10 STEP : Special Term for Economic Partnership 11 ISAF : International Security Asistance Force 12 CAR : Capital Adequa Cyratio

13 ASA : Asia Soccer Academy 14 ESA : Endangered Species Act

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17 APEC : Asean-Pasific Economy Cooperation

18 CRES : Center for the Resolution pf the Emergency Situation 19 NIWA : National Institute of Water and Athmospheric

20 CAM : Complemantary and Alternative Medicine 21 APEC : Asean-Pasific Economy Cooperation 22.ISOM : Informal Senior Official’s Meeting 23.ULI : Urban Land Institute

24.ICOR : Incremental Capital Output Ratio 25.AGO : Attorney General’s Office

26.SIR : Standart Indonesian Rubber 27.EBU : European Broadcasting Union

28.MICE : Meeting, Incentives,Convention and Exhibitions 29.TAC : Technical Assistance Contract

30.JAATS : Jakarta Automated Air Traffic Service 31.TAWS : Terrain Awarness Warning System

32.OSCE : Organization for Security and cooperation in Europe 33.MENA : Middle East- North Africa

34.APSA : Asia Pasific Screen Awards 35.SARC : Syiran Arab Red Cresent

36.JEDI : Jakarta Emergency Driging Initiative. 37.NEC : National Election Commision

38.WIC : Women Internasional Club 39.IPO : Initial Public Offering 40.NIH : National Institute of Health

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b ) Un-Predictable Acronym Data

1. ASITA : Association of Indonesian Tour and Travel Agencies 2. LIBOR : London Interbank Offered Rate

3. RUSADA: Russian Anti-Doping 4. IRESS : Indonesian Resources Studies 5. CAPEX : Capital Expenditure

6. JAL : Japan Airlines

7. SMES : Small and Medium Enterprieses

8. INDEF : Institute for Development of Economic and Finance 9. MAS : Malaysia Airlines

10.IFRA : International Fragrance Association 11.NORAD : North American Aerospace Command’s 12.KOICA : Korea International Cooperation Agency 13.USADA : US Anti-Doping Agency

14.INSA : Indonesian National Ship-owner Association

4.2 Structural Formation of the Acronym

Conceptsareusedtoanalyzethe acronymis also theconceptofLaurieBauer(1985). An acronym is a word coined by taking the initial letters of the words in a title or phrase and using them as a new word ( Bauer, 1985 : 237).From the dataobtained fromTheJakartaPostwritercategorizeacronymin 2 parts, as follows.

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4.3. Acronym Predictable

1.Acronym EAS...East Asia Summit ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V V C

Acronym EAS , consist of East, Asia, and Summit. The initial phonemes of each words is v,v, and c.

2. Acronym CAR...Capital Adequa Ratio ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C V

Acronym CAR , consist of Capital ,Adequa and Ratio. The initial phonemes of every words is c,v, and c.

3. Acronym ASA... Asian Soccer Academy ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C V

Acronym ASA, consist of Asian, Soccer and Academy. The initial phonemes of every words is v,c and v.

4.Example : PIN ... Personal Identify Number ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C

Acronym PIN , consist of Personal, Identify and Number . The initial of every words is C, V and C.

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5. Acronym ULI... Urban Land Institute ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C V

Acronym ULI, consist of Urban, Land and Institute. The initial of every words is v,c,v

6.Acronym NEC...National Election Commision ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C

Acronym NEC, consist of National, Election, and Commision. The initial of every words is c,v,c.

7. Acronym AGO... Attorney General Office ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C V

Acronym AGO , consist of Attorney, General, and office . The initial phonemes of every words is v,c,v.

8. Acroym WIC ... Women International Club ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C V C

Acronym WIC , consist of Women, international and Club. The initial phonemes of every words is c,v,c.

9. Acronym SIR ...Standart Indonesisan Rubber ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C V C

Acronyms SIR, consist of Standart, Indonesian and Rubber, the initial phonemes of each words is c,v,c.

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10.Acronym EBU... European Broadcasting Union ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C C

Acronym EBU, consist of European,Broadcasting and Union , the initial phonemes of each words is v,c, and v.

11. Acronym ESA...Endangered Species Act ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C V

Acronym ESA , consist of Endangered, Species and Act, the initial phonemes of each word is V, C and V.

12.Acronym TAC...Technical Assistance Contrac ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C

Acronym TAC, consist of Technical , Assistance and Contrac, the inital phonemes of each words is c,v,and c.

13.Acronym IPO... Initial Public Offering ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C V

Acronym IPO , Consist of initial , Public , and Offering, the initial phone of each word are : V, C and V.

14. Acronym NEC...National Election Commision ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C

Acronym NEC , consist of National , Election , and Commision . The initial phonemes of each word are : C, V and C.

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15. Acronym OPEC... Organization of Petrolium Exporting Countries ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C V C

Acronym OPEC , consist of Organization , plus conjuction of , Petrolium ,

Exporting and Countries. The initial phonemes of each word are : V, C, V and C.

16. Acronym ISOM...Informal Senior Official’s Meeting ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C C V

Acronym ISOM, consist of Informal , Senior , Official’s and Meeting . The initial phonemes of each word are V,C,C and V.

17. Acronym TAWS ...Terrain Awarness Warning System ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C V C C

Acronym TAWS , consist of Terrain, Awarness, Warning, and System. The initial phonemes of each words are C, V, C and C.

18. Acronym APSA... Asia Pasific Screen Awards ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

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Acronym APSA consist of , Asia, Pasific , Screen, and Awards. The initial phonemes of each words is : V,C , C and V.

19. Acronym MAS ... Monetary Authority of Singapore ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C

Acronym MAS , consist of Monetary , Authority plus conjuction of , and Singapore. The initial phonemes of every words is : C, V, and C.

20.Acronym POD ... Pland Of Development ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C

Acronym POD , consist of Pland conjuction Of, and Development. The initial phonemes of each words are : C,V and C.

21.Acronym FAO... Food and Agriculture Organization ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V V

Acronym FAO consist of food , conjunction andOrganisation. The initial phonemes taken to be acronym are : C,V and V.

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22. Acronym CAM ... Complementary and Alternative Medicine ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C

Acronym CAM , consist of Complemantary conjunction and , Alternative, and Medicine. The initial taken to be acronym are : C, V, and C.

23.Acronym NIH... National Institute of Health ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C

Acronym NIH , consist of National, Institute, conjunction of , and Health. The initial phonemes taken to be acronym are : C ,V and C.

24. Acronym ASEAN ...Association of South East Asian Nation ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C V V C

Acronym ASEAN , consist of Association , cunjunction of, South,East Asian and Nation,. The initial phonemes taken to be acronym are , V, C,V,V and C.

25. Acronym STEP... Special Term for Economic Partnership ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

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Acronym STEP , consist of Special, Term , conjunction for ,Economic and Partnership. The initial phonemes taken to be acronym are , C,C,V and C.

26. Acronym OSCE ...Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C C V

Acronym OSCE, consist of ,Organization , conjunction for, Security and Cooperation in Europe. The initial phonemes taken to be acronym are , V, C, C and V.

27.Acronym IPOC ...Indonesian Palm Oil Conference ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C V C

Acronym IPOC, consist of Indonesian, Palm , Oil and Conference, the initial phonemes of every words is V,C,V and C .

28.. Acronym WADA...World Anti Doping Agency ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C V

Acronym WADA , consist of World , Anti , Doping and Agency, the initial phonemes of every words is C,V,C and V

29.Acronym JICA... Japan International Cooperation Assosiation ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

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Acronym JICA , consist of Japan , International , Cooperation and Assosiation, the phonemes of every words is C, V C and V.

30. Acronym ISAF ... Internationnal Security Asistance Force ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C V C

Acronym ISAF , consist of International , Security , Asistance and force, the initial phonemes of every words is V,C,V and C

31. Acronym ICOR ...Incremental Capital Output Ratio ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C V C

Acronym ICOR , consist of Incremental , Capital , Output and Ratio , the initial phonemes of every words is V , C, V and C.

32.Acronym SARC ...Syiran Arab Red Cresent ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C C

Acronym SARC , consist of Syiran, Arab , Red and Cresent, the initial phonemes of every words is C, V, C and C.

33. Acronym APEC... Asean-Pasific Economy Cooperation ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C V C

Acronym APEC , consist of Asean-, Pasific , Economy , Cooperation. The initial phonemes of each word are V, C, V and C.

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34.. Acronym MENA...Middle East North Africa ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C V C V

Acronym MENA ,consist of Middle ,East , North , and Africa, the initial phonemes of every words is C, V, C and V.

33 . Acronym APSA ...Asia Pasific Screen Award ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C C V

Acronym APSA, consist of Asia , Pasific , Screen and Award, the initial phonemes of every words is V, C, C and V.

34. Acronym JEDI ...Jakarta Emergency Draging I ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

nitiative C V C V

Acronym JEDI, consist of Jakarta , Emergency, Draging and Initiative , the initial phonemes of each words is C, V , C and V.

35.. Acronym MICE ... Meeting, Incentives,Convention and Exhibitions ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V C V

Acronym MICE, consist of Meeting, Incentives, Convention and Exhibitions, the initial phonemes of eah word are C,V,C and V

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C C V C

Acronym CRES , consist of Center, with conjunction for and the , Resolution , plus conjuction of and the , Emergency and situation. The initial phonemes of each word are C, C, V and C.

37.. Acronym NIWA ... National Institute of Water and Athmospheric ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C V C V

Acronym NIWA consist of National , Intitute , plus conjuction of , Water , conjunction and , and Athmospheric. The initial phonemes of each are C, V,C and V.

38. Acronym IHEU ... International Humanist and Ethnical Union ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ V C V V

Acronym IHEU consist of International, Humanist, conjunction and , Ethnical, and Union . The initial phonemes of each word are V, C, V and V .

39. Acronym JAATS ...Jakarta Automated Air Traffic Service ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

C V V C C

Acronym JAATS, consist of Jakarta , Automated , Air , Traffic , and Service , the initial phonemes of each words is C,V, V,V, C and C .

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1.Example : MAS ...Malaysia Airlines ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C V C

Acronym MAS, consist of Malaysia and Airlines , the initial phonemes of every words is C,V,and C.

2. Acronym JAL ... Japan Airlines ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C V C

Acronym JAL, consist of Japan and Airlines , the initial phonemes of every word is C, V and C.

3. Acronym IFRA ...International Fr

⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

agrance Association V V C V

Acronym IFRA ,consist of International , Fragrance and Association., the initial phonemes of every word is V, V ,C and V

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⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C V C V C

Acronym LIBOR, consist of London , Interbank , Offered and Rate , the initial phonemes of every word is C,V,C,V and C.

5. Acronym IRESS...Indonesian Resources Studie ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C V C C

Acronym IRESS, consist of Indonesian , Resources and Studies, the initial phonemes of every word is V, C , V, C and C.

6. Acronym CAPEX...Capital Ex ⁞⁞ ⁞ ⁞

pendeture

C V V C

Acronym CAPEX , consist of Capital and Expendeture, the initial phonemes of every word is C,V, V, and C.

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7. Acronym NORAD...No

⁞⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ rth America Aerospace Commands

C V C V C

Acronym NORAD, consist of North , America , Aerospace and Commands, the initial phonemes of every word is C, V,C,V and C.

8. Acronym KOICA ... Ko

⁞⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ rean International Cooperation Agency

C V V C V

Acronym KOICA, consist of Korean , International , Cooperation and Agency , the initial phonemes of every words is C,V, V,C and V.

9. Acronym USADA...USA

⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ nti Doping Agency

V C V C V

Acronym USADA, consist of US , Anti , Doping and Agency the initial phonemes of every word is V, C, V , C and V .

10.Acronym RUSADA... Rus

⁞⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ sian Anti-Doping

(45)

C V C V C

Acronym RUSADA ,consist of Russian , Anti and Doping the initial phonemes of every word is C, V,C, V and C.

11. Acronym ASITA ... Association ofI

⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ndonesian Tour and Travel Agencies

V V C V

Acronym ASITA , consist of Association , of , Indonesian, Tour , and , Travel and Agencies. The initial phonemes of each word are V, V, C and V.

12.SMES...Small and Medium Enterprieses ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C C V C

Acronym SMES , consist of Small andMediumEnterprieses. The initial phonemes of each word are C,C,V ad C.

13.INDEF... In

⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ stitute for Development of Economic and Finance

V C V C

Acronym INDEF , consist of Institute for Development of Economic and Finance. The initial phonemes of each word are V, C,V and C.

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14. Acronym INSA ...Indonesian National Ship-owner Association ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C C V

Acronym INSA, consist of Indonesian ,National, Ship, -owner, and Association. The initial phonmes of each letter are , V, C, C, and V.

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUTION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclution

After analysing the data some conclution are drawn as the following:

Acronyms as shortering word-formation are still subject for intensive analysis. Acronyms are very populer because they can condense many words into one short forum. Acronym make the language easier to understand, because acronyms can be remembered better. Acronyms make the language easier to understand, because acronyms can be remembered better.

The conclutions of these analysis are: the structure of acronym formation and the structure of syllable formation of acronym. First the types of acronyms at the Jakarta Pos, based on Desember 2012 can be eategarived into two part:

1. Predicatable Acronym.

Predictable acronym is acronym which is build from the initial phonenus of words that arrange to be acronyms.

Example; ASA→ Asia Soccer Academy, IPOC →Indonesian Palm Oil Conferen and JAATS→Jakarta Automated Air Traffic Service.

2. Inpredicatable Acronym.

Interpredicatable acronym is acronym is build from the Irreqular Rule, where the letter are not strictly spearking initial letters, in the words in a phrase, such as: JAL →Japan Airlines, SMES→Small and Medium Enterprieses, CAPEX→Capital Expenditure,

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Second, the conclution is about the structural formation or pattern of the acronym found in the Jakarta Post article are: the major pattern from the process of forming acronym is the process of forming acronym by fitting the initial phonenus of words. This process was 41 acronym from 55 acronym, its 74,54 %, and the minor pattern in forming acronym pattern is 14 acronym, from 55 acronym, its 25,25%.

Acronym analysis of the Jakarta Post articles based on Kiparskys syllable structure is good rythm, the combination of phinemes aranged a syllable such as: VCV, CVC, VC, and

CV.

5.2 Suggestion

Acronym is subject for intensive analysis. Acronyms are very populer because they can condense many words into one short forum. There are so many research about acronyms can be clone.

(49)

REFERENCES

Aronoff, Mark at All. 2005.What is Morphology? Victoria, Australia : Blackwell, 2005.

Bauer, Laurie. 1983.English Word Formation. Melbourne, Australia : Cambridge University Press, 1983.

—. 1988.Introducing Linguistic Morphology. Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press, 1988.. Bloomfield, Leonard. 1995.Bahasa. Jakarta : PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1995.

Finegan, Edward.1989.Language Its Structure And Use. United States of America Harcourt Brave Jovanovich,Inc, 1989.

Fromkin,Victoria.1998. An Introduction to Language.United states of America: Harcourt Brace Collage Publisher. 1998

Haspelmath, Martin. 2002.Understanding Morphology : United States of America :Oxford University,2002.

Hatch, Evelyn. 1995. Vocabulary, Semantics, and Language Education.United States of America : Cambridge University Press.1995.

Kiparsky, Paul. 1980. Remarks on the metrical structure of the syllable. Phonologica 1980. Langacker , W Ronald . 1972. Fundamentals of Linguistic Analysis. United States of America: Harcourt Brace Jovanivich,Inc. 1972.

(1)

7. Acronym NORAD...No

⁞⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ rth America Aerospace Commands

C V C V C

Acronym NORAD, consist of North , America , Aerospace and Commands, the initial phonemes of every word is C, V,C,V and C.

8. Acronym KOICA ... Ko

⁞⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ rean International Cooperation Agency

C V V C V

Acronym KOICA, consist of Korean , International , Cooperation and Agency , the initial phonemes of every words is C,V, V,C and V.

9. Acronym USADA...USA

⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ nti Doping Agency

V C V C V

Acronym USADA, consist of US , Anti , Doping and Agency the initial phonemes of every word is V, C, V , C and V .

10. Acronym RUSADA... Rus

⁞⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ sian Anti-Doping

(2)

C V C V C

Acronym RUSADA ,consist of Russian , Anti and Doping the initial phonemes of every word is C, V,C, V and C.

11. Acronym ASITA ... Association ofI

⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ndonesian Tour and Travel Agencies

V V C V

Acronym ASITA , consist of Association , of , Indonesian, Tour , and , Travel and Agencies. The initial phonemes of each word are V, V, C and V.

12. SMES...Small and Medium Enterprieses ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ C C V C

Acronym SMES , consist of Small andMediumEnterprieses. The initial phonemes of each word are C,C,V ad C.

13. INDEF... In

⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ stitute for Development of Economic and Finance

V C V C

Acronym INDEF , consist of Institute for Development of Economic and Finance. The initial phonemes of each word are V, C,V and C.

(3)

14. Acronym INSA ...Indonesian National Ship-owner Association ⁞ ⁞ ⁞ ⁞

V C C V

Acronym INSA, consist of Indonesian ,National, Ship, -owner, and Association. The initial phonmes of each letter are , V, C, C, and V.

(4)

CHAPTER V

CONCLUTION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclution

After analysing the data some conclution are drawn as the following:

1. Predicatable Acronym.

Predictable acronym is acronym which is build from the initial phonenus of words that arrange to be acronyms.

Example; ASA→ Asia Soccer Academy, IPOC →Indonesian Palm Oil Conferen and JAATS→Jakarta Automated Air Traffic Service.

2. Inpredicatable Acronym.

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Acronym analysis of the Jakarta Post articles based on Kiparskys syllable structure is good rythm, the combination of phinemes aranged a syllable such as: VCV, CVC, VC, and

CV.

5.2 Suggestion

Acronym is subject for intensive analysis. Acronyms are very populer because they can condense many words into one short forum. There are so many research about acronyms can be clone.

(6)

REFERENCES

Aronoff, Mark at All. 2005.What is Morphology? Victoria, Australia : Blackwell, 2005.

Bauer, Laurie. 1983.English Word Formation. Melbourne, Australia : Cambridge University Press, 1983.

—. 1988.Introducing Linguistic Morphology. Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press, 1988.. Bloomfield, Leonard. 1995.Bahasa. Jakarta : PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1995.

Finegan, Edward.1989.Language Its Structure And Use. United States of America Harcourt Brave Jovanovich,Inc, 1989.

Fromkin,Victoria.1998. An Introduction to Language.United states of America: Harcourt Brace Collage Publisher. 1998

Haspelmath, Martin. 2002.Understanding Morphology : United States of America :Oxford University,2002.

Hatch, Evelyn. 1995. Vocabulary, Semantics, and Language Education.United States of America : Cambridge University Press.1995.

An Analysis On Acronym Found In“ The Jakarta Post ” Articles