2.2 Concept of Noun
Noun refers to all things either concrete or abstract those are available in our
environment. The noun is one of the most important parts of speech. It is arrangement with the verb helps to form the sentence core which is essential to
every complete sentence. In addition, it may function as the chief or “head” word in many structures of modification.
Frank 1972 classifies types of noun.
1. Proper Nouns
A proper noun begins with a capital letter in writing. It includes: a.
Personal name: Mr. John smith, etc. b.
Geographic units: Holland, Paris, etc. c.
Nationality and religion : Dutchman, Muslim, Christianity, etc d.
Name of holiday : Thanksgiving day, etc e.
Name of time Units: Monday, March, etc.
2. Concrete or Abstract Noun
a. A concrete noun is a word for physical object that can be perceived
by the senses. We can see, touch, and smell the object: flower, girl, doctor.
b. An abstract noun is a word for a concept. It is an idea that exists in
our minds only: justice, mankind, etc.
3. Countable and Noncountable Nouns
a. Countable noun are words that stated in a divided quantity. It also
can be made plural by the addition of s : cupboard, one girl, two girls.
b. Noncountable noun are words that stated in an undivided quantity:
coffee, sugar.
4. Collective Noun
A collective noun is a word for a group of people, animals or objects
considered as single units: audience, committee, class, crew, family.Frank,1972.
In relation to the theories above the researcher specified the noun that would be taught, that is concrete noun. Concrete noun is the noun that can be touched, seen,
and defined, for example: man, teacher, student Frank,1972. Then Webster 1988:928 defines noun as any class of words naming or denoting a person,
thing, place, action quality, etc woman, water, Paris, talking, beauty. While Collins and Brash 1982 states noun as a word or group that refers to person, or
things. From the definition above, it is clear that noun refers to all things either concrete or abstract those are available in our environment.
In this research, the researcher chose concrete noun that refers to profession,
because it related to the curriculum for the seventh grade of SMP students and teacher handbook, the researcher chose kinds of jobs as a material.
2.3.2 Concept of Verb
Frank 1972 defines verb as any of a language class of words that serve to
indicate the occurrence or performance of an action, the existence of a state or condition. The verb is the most complex part of speech. Its varying arrangement
with nouns determines the different kinds of sentences, statements, questions, commands, exclamations.
Frank 1972 describes differ types of verbs according to the kind of complement
they may have. Because these types may cut across each other, a verb may belong to more than one type.
1. Predicating or Linking Verb
A predicating verb is the chief word in the predicate that says something
about subject. The predicating word or predicator has traditionally been called a verb of “action”. Example: I remember her; she needs more
money. The term “event” is probably a more way to refer to what is
denoted by a predicating verb Frank :1972 A Linking verb is a verb of incomplete predication. It merely announces
that the real predicate follows. The important word in the complement is usually used adjective the girl is pretty or a noun she is pretty girl.
Example; appear, be, become, get, look, remain, seem. It also functions as perception: feel, taste, smell, sound. For example, The milk tastes sour.
2. Transitive or Intransitive Verb
A transitive verb takes a direct object he is reading book. For an
intransitively does not require an object He is walking in the park. Only transitive verbs may be used in the passive voice, because transitive has
object in the sentence. Many verbs also may be used either transitively he is writing a letter or intransitively he is writing at library for example;
read, write, look. Other verbs of transitive only and must be follow by an object, for example; have, like, need, owe, remember.
3. Reflexive Verb
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