DESIGNING ENGLISH READING MATERIALS FOR ALWASHLIYAH ISLAMIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS TEBING TINGGI.
DESIGNING ENGLISH READING MATERIALS FOR ALWASHLIYAH ISLAMIC
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEBING TINGGI
THESIS
Submitted to the Basic Education Study Program
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for
the Degree of Magister Pendidikan
By :
SYAWALUDDIN KETAREN
REGISTER NUMBER : 8136182053BASIC EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM POST GRADUATE SCHOOL
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN 2015
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i ABSTRCT
Syawaluddin Ketaren. Registration Number 8136182053. Designing English Reading Materials for Alwashliyah Islamic Junior High School Students Tebing Tinggi. A Thesis. Basic Education Study Program, State University of Medan 2015
This study deals with the design of English reading materials for the grade eight students of Alwashliyah Islamic School through AMA (Authentic Materials Approach) principals. The objective of this study is to design the suitable English Reading Materials which are relevant to the Islamic School students. This study was conducted by applying phases of educational research and development (R&D). The phases are (1) analizing existing syllabus, existing reading materials and the students’ needs to identify problems, (2) reviewing the theory or principle of effective reading materials (3) designing syllabus and reading materials, (4) validating new reading materials to the experts, (5) revising the new reading materials suggested by the experts in order to get quality assurance (6) Producing new Engish Reading Materials for Islamic Junior High School. The data of this research are from the existing documents such as the existing materials, sylabus, students’ questionnaire and the teacher’s interview.The result of this research shows that the existing reading materials are not suitable to the Islamic school students’ needs. Therefore, new English reading materials are designed through the AMA (Authentic Materials Approach) principles in order to meet the Islamic students needs.The new english reading materials are from . https://storiesformuslimkids.wordpress.com . they are “ fatimah Al Zahra, ‘ Grapes, and Empty Hand of a Richman”The new materials were validated by two experts. Both of them agreed that the new materials designed are suitable with the islamic school students’ needs. Therefore it is suggestion that the new materials designed are relevant to use for grade eight of the Islamic school students.
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ii ABSTRAK
Syawaluddin Ketaren. Registration Number 8136182053. Designing English Reading Materials for Alwashliyah Islamic Junior High School Students Tebing Tinggi. A Thesis. Basic Education Study Program, State University of Medan 2015
Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan perancangan materi membaca bahasa inggris untuk kelas delapan MTs Alwashliyah melalui penerapan pendekatan yang berpusat pada otentitas materi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang materi membaca bahasa inggris yang cocok untuk siswa MTs. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan mengaplikasikan tahapan – tahapan penelitian dan pengembangan . Adapun tahapan – tahapan yang dilakukan adalah (1). menganalisis silabus, materi dan kebutuhan siswa untuk mengangkat masalah, (2) menelaah teori atau prinsip dari bahan bacaan yang efektif,(3) merancang silabus dan bahan materi membaca, (4) memvalidasi bahan bacaan tersebut kepada ahli, (5) memperbaiki materi bacaaan sesuai dengan saran para ahli.untuk menilai kualitas produkdan (6) menghasilkan produk materi ajar membaca untuk siswa MTs. Data penelitian ini berasal dari analisis dokumen yang ada seperti materi, silabus yang ada, angket siswa, dan wawancara guru. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa materi yang ada tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa MTs.Oleh sebab itu, materi membaca yang baru dirancang melaui pencekatan yang berpusat pada otentitas meteri agar sesuai dengan kebutuahn siswa MTs.
Materi membaca yang baru berasal dari .
https://storiesformuslimkids.wordpress.com . materi baru tersebut adalah “ Who is the prophet Muhammad ?, Fatimah Al Zahra, ‘ Grapes, and Empty Hand of a Richman”Materi tersebut divalidasi oleh dua orang ahli. Kedua ahli tersebut setuju bahwa materi yang baru dirancang cocok dengan kebutuhan siswa MTs. Oleh sebab itu, disarankan bahwa materi yang baru dirancang baik digunakan untuk siswa kelas delapan MTs.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. Alhamdulillahirabbil Alamin, giving the deepest sense of gratitude to Allah (SWT) for a life full of happinest . Because of his loving, the writer is able to finish this thesis as a partial fulfullment of requirement for Magister Pendidikan in State University of Medan.
Countless individuals have contributed directly and indirectly to the research and to the completion of this thesis. First, his extremly grateful is directed to his first and second advisor, Dr. Sri Minda Murni, M.S and Dr. Mahriyuni, M.Hum for their patient guides, excellent advices and develop suggests during completing this study.
Secondly, thanks are also directed to Dr.Deny Setiawan, M.Si as the head of Basic Education Study Program, Prof. Dr. Anita Yus, M.Pd as the secretary of the Basic Education Study Program for the encouraging to finish this thesis. Thanks are also addressed to all of the lecturers of Basic Education Study Program and very especiall for Dr.Anni H.Pulungan, M.Hum and Dr. Zainuddin, M.Hum as the experts who have given the excellent suggestion on validating this thesis product.
Thirdly, a special expressin of gratitude is directed to Drs Abdul Holid as the principal of MTs Alwashliyah for allowing the writer to do the research in his school. The English teachers, Mahmud, S.Pd and Arwina Lubis, S.Pd who always have time to discuss to the witer in designing the thesis product, and for all the
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teachers of MTs Alwashliyah for their best coopeartion and warmth and friendliness.
All time and whole- hearted gratefullnest for his beloved wife, Arrahmi Husna, S.Pd.I and his two beloved daughters , Khansa Humaira Ketaren and Kayyisah Mumtazah ketaren as the inspiration on finishing this thesis. This thesis is dedicated to them.
Overall, the writer hopes this thesis can give a bit contribution to the language education especially the islamic education.
Medan, Agustus 2015
The writer,
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT ... i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... v
LIST OF TABLES ... viii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1 The Background of the Study ... 1
1.2 The Problem of the Study ... 4
1.3 The Objective of the Study ... 5
1.4 The Scope of the Study ... 5
1.5 The Significances of the Study ... 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ... 7
2.1 Designing Materials ... 7
2.2 Reading Materials ... 11
2.3 Reading Materials in Islamic Junior High School ... 15
2.3.1 Islamic Junior High School ... 15
2.3.2 ERM in Islamic Junoir High School ... 18
2.4 Integrating Islam into the Reading Curriculum ... 18
2.5. Important Factors in Designing New Reading Materials ... 20
2.5.1 Suitability of the Content ... 22
2.5.2 Autenticity ... 23
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2.6 Guidelines for Designing New reading Materials ... 27
2.7 Authentic Material Approach (AMA) ... 29
2.8. Previous Research ... 33
2.9 Conceptual Frameworks ... 34
CHAPTER III THE METHOD OF RESEARCH ... 39
3.1 The Research Design... 39
3.2. Research Setting ... 40
3.3 Data and Data Source ... 41
3.4 Technique of Collecting Data ... 41
3.5 Technique of Designing Materials ... 41
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING ... 44
4.1 Data Analysis ... 44
4.1.1 The Existing Reading Materials ... 44
4.2 Materials Design ... 46
4.2.1 Analizing Existing Syllabus, Existing Reading Materials, and The students’ need to identify problem ... 47
4.2.2 Phase II : Reviewing the theory or principle of effective Reading material using AMA ... 54
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vii
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 66
5.1. Conclusion ... 66
5.2 Suggestion ... 67
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2.1 Indicators in Designing New Reading Materials ... 21 2.2 Advantages and disadvantages of Authentic Reading Materials ... 32
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ix LIST OF APPENDIX
Appendix Page
A Existing Syllabus ... 74
B Existing Reading Materials ... 75
C Readability of the existing reading materials ... 81
D Interview result... 84
E New Syllabus ... 86
F Readability of the new english reading material ... 87
F New English Reading Materials ... 91
H Expert validation ... 92
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1
BAB I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 The Background of the Study
In Indonesia English is the first foreign language, It is used in the English classroom but not in every communication .This condition makes English difficult for the students because they seldom practice their English, only in the classroom. As we know that English is an International language which is used by all the people in the world as means of communications. Because of that, English becomes very important for every people.Because of its importance, English is taught from all grades of education level like from the kindergarten until university.Unfortunately most students at any level of education get difficulty in reading the text.Many research results (Syatriana, 1998, Hamra,1993 and 1996, Mardiana, 1993) indicated that the ability of Indonesian students to read English text was still very low.
There are four language skills in learning English namely reading, writing, speaking and listening. Reading is one of the four skills that must be mastered for all the students. Reading is the ability to draw meaning from the printed page and interpret the information approximately.The process of drawing information and interpreting information requires the work of the brain.The purpose of reading activity is to get information from the text we read.
Reading materials play an important role to the English Teaching learning process. It is one of the very crucial element that has to exist to conduct teaching learning activities. Chang & Goswami (2011) concluded that there are
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2 some factors that can promote and also hinder the learning process in the class , They are (1) teachers factors, (2) students factors, (3) administrative support, (4) teaching resources or the materials. The teachers should try to give the relevant and also interesting materials to promote the students’ learning motivation. Unfortunately there are so many irrelevant materials that must be learnt by the students (Wedhaswary, 2002). These materials can make the students become low motivation to learn. This condition also happens to the grade eight students of Alwashliyah Islamic Junior High School Tebing Tinggi. The reading materials that they learn are irrelevant and don’t have any islamic messages in it. That’s why English reading materials must be designed to get improvement of reading skill for all the students especially the Islamic Junior High School (MTs)
There are four Islamic Junior High Schools in Tebing Tinggi, one of them is Alwashliyah Islamic Junior High School .It is located on Jalan Tiga Belas Desember no 3 Tebing Tinggi as it is the oldest Islamic School.As the result of the interview with the principal, he said that he realized that English is very important for all of his students. That’s why he suggests all of his students to take English courses in the afternoon after school.As the program of that school, the school has English course that can develop their English ability.Unfortunately, not all the students can follow the English course .From the view of the English teacher, he reveled that it is very difficult to teach the students because there are so many factors happen.The most important factors is that the students lack of motivation. This happens because there are many some irrelevant materials from the text book. When they learn the reading text, they are not any islamic stories from the text.Especially in the narative text. That’s why this study will be focused
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3 in analyzing the reading materials especially for the narrative text. The narrtaive text taught by the teacher is taken from the text book which entitles “ English On Sky 2 for Junior High School. The texts seem irrelevent to the Islamic School because the existing reading materials do not relate to the Islamic messages. The
irrelevent Reading Materials are Beauty and the Beast, The Deadly Poppy Field
and Cowardly Lion . The texts seem irrelevent to the Islamic School because the texts are too general and don’t have any Islamic messages in them. Another problem is that the students are lack of vocabularies. In solving the problem, the English teacher uses a kind of strategy to increase the students’ vocabulary. Every week, he gives the students some new vocabularies that have to be memorized by the students. He gives the time one week for the students to memorize the new words. After that he will give the students the test about the vocabulary, that he calls it vocabulary test. By doing this, he tries to incerease the students vocabulary abilities. Unfortunately, when he was asked about the the persentage of the students who have good English, he said only fifteen percent of his students who have good English that can follow his lesson.This condition can affect their achievement in English. Mr Mahmud also explained that when he made the formative test, the average score is still far from the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM). The average score that the students got is 63 and the KKM is 72 so Mr Mahmud as the English teacher must work hard to reach the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM).
According to the realities above, we can say that learners’ motivation is the problem in teaching learning program. The materials that are taught by the teacher are not relevant with their kind of school because it is Islamic school and
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4 the materials are too general and are not related to the islamic materials. It can make the students become low motivation to study. In order to solve the problem, the relevant reading materials are greatly needed to make the students interest in learning. The interesting materials can also make the students develop their vocabulary because when the students read the text, they will find many new vocabularies in the text. Reading texts provide opportunately to study language like vocabulary, grammar and it can also help the students to show the way to construct sentences, paragraph and the text (Hammer, 1998).
With references to the finding, the writer would like to conduct a research on designing new reading materials for the Islamic junior high school . In the other words, this research would like to analize the existing syllabus and also the reading materials. The design of the new reading materials will use Authentic Materials approach (AMA) . According to Mishan (2005), authentic Materials Approach is materials – centered and upholds the importance of materials design not only as a proffesional skill applied by course book writers, but also as on used by individual teacher in individuals teaching context.
Authentic Materials approach (AMA) is defined as a teaching approach which focuses on the materials. The teacher gives an authentic text to the students in teaching learning process.
1.2 The Problem of the Study
Based on the explanation in backround above, it is identified that the problems of the study are formulated as the following :
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1. What are the existing English reading materials for students of
Islamic Junior High School ?
2. How is the new design of English reading material ?
3. What is the suitable reading materials for the Islamic Junior high
school ?
1.3 The Objective of the Study
Based on the the previous problem above, the objective of this study are :
1. Evaluating the existing reading comprehension materials for students of
Islamic High School
2.a Investigating English reading comprehension materials which are suitable with the Islamic High school students
2.b Designing new English reading comprehension materials 3. Validating the new English reading comprehension materials
1.4 The Scope of the Study
This study will be focused on designing suitable English Reading Material which are relevant with the Islamic Junior High school students particularly Grade VIII of Alwashliyah Islamic Junior High School.
In addition, the reading text covered in this research is the narrative text
1.5 The Significance of the Study
The findings of this study are expected tobe useful theoretically and practically. The theoretically, this study is expected to produce new reading
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6 comprehension materials for The Islamic Junior High School students, especially Grade VIII of Alwashliyah Islamic Junior High School. The new reading materials can be used because it has some islamic moral messages that is suitable for the Islamic school.
Additionally, it is expected to provide a good reference in designing appropriate English reading comprehension materials for Grade VIII of Alwashliyah Islamic Junior High School.
The practically, it is expected to inspire the English teachers especially for the Islamic School teachers to select the suitable English reading material for their students that can increase the students’ motivation to learn with the interesting materials. Islamic materials are needed to develop the students’ motivation and the students’ needs as the Islamic school students. Moreover, further research is needed to make the best improvement.
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION.
5.1 Conclusion
After analyzing the data, the conclusions were drawn as the following 1. The existing reading materials are too general for the Islamic School
students because there are not any islamic messeges in it. The stories in the existing reading materials are legend, that will not be used for outside the class. The messegers in those stories are too general and don’t tend to the islamic issues.
2. New english reading materials are designed in order to help the students to gain their needs as the Islamic school students. The new ERM are designed through AMA in order to find the appropriate materials for the Islamic school students. In designing the new ERM, there are three indicators to be used to make the new ERM suitable with the students’needs
3. The new ERM were validated by two experts by giving them questionnaire. The questionaire consists of dementions of linguistics features, processes, contents, and lay out. The experts checked whether the dimensions were found in the new reading materials.
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5.2Suggestion
1. It is suggested that the english teachers should not give the materials which are too general and are not suitable with the studemts’ needs
2. It is suggested that the English teacher should teach the students with the suitable materials for their field.
3. It is suggested that the English teacher should provide the ERM based on related principles, theories, or criteria of effective instructional that have been studied.
4. It is suggestion for the English teacher to use AMA principles as an teaching approach in order to develop suitable ERM for the students
.
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Alderson,J.C. & Ulquhart,A.H 1984 Reading in aforeign Language New York : Longman
Althan,M.Z (1995) Culture in EFL context : Classsroom and coursebook Allwright, R. (1977) Language Learning through communication practice ELT
Document 76, 3:2-14 The British Council reprinted in Brumfit, C.J. & Johnso Anderson, J.C.2000. Assessing Reading. Retrieved November 2nd. 2011. Taken
from www.english australia.com.au
Basthomi,Y.(2011) A critical reflection on the praxis at English Department in Indonesia. Learning – working in and by paradoxes .paper presented at a talk at the State Islamic Collage Kediri, Indonesia
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Block ,D (1991 ). Some thoughts on DYI materials design. ELT journal
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Byrnes, H. 2004. Reading in the Beginning and Intermediate College ForeignLanguage Class. Retrieved November 2nd, 2011 fromh ttp://www.nclrc.org/essentials/reading/reindex.htm
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