Prof. drh. Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto, MS, Ph.D., APVet
Disampaikan dalam acara Workshop Handling & Etika Penggunaan Hewan Coba serta Penandatanganan
MoU Program Studi S1 Farmasi Universitas Gunadarma, Rabu, 20 Februari 2019, Kampus Graha Simatupang,
Universitas Gunadarma
TATA CARA NEKROPSI TIKUS
dan PENGUJIAN PATOLOGI
Prof. Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto, Drh, MS, Ph D, APVet, Dipl. ACCM.
Kepala Divisi Patologi
Departemen Klinik, Reproduksi & Patologi (KRP)
Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan; Institut Pertanian Bogor
Profil
Prof. Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto, Drh, MS, Ph D, APVet, Dipl. ACCM.
Tempat/Tanggal lahir
NIP
Pangkat
Golongan
Jabatan
Fakultas
Departemen
Divisi
Alamat Kantor
Telepon dan Faksimili
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
E-mail
: [email protected]
Strata
S-1 (Drs. Med. Vet.)
Dokter Hewan (Drh)
S-2 (MS)
S-3 (Ph.D)
Tahun
1983
1984
1990
1994
Post Doktoral
1999
Brevet
2009
2013
Keahlian
Bandung, 28 Februari 1960
19600228 198601 1 001
Pembina Utama Madya/ Guru Besar
IV/D
Kepala Divisi Patologi Veteriner
Kedokteran Hewan
Klinik, Reproduksi & Patologi (KRP)
Patologi Veteriner
Jalan Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, BOGOR
(0251) 8421807 – kantor
Bidang
Kedokteran Hewan
Kedokteran Hewan
Sains Veteriner
Pathology & Preventive Veterinary
Medicine
Neuropathology of Prion Diseases
Ahli Patologi Veteriner (APVet.)
Diplomate Asian College Conservation
Medicine ( DACCM)
Patologi Veteriner
Tempat
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Institut Pertanian Bogor
United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences,
Yamaguchi University, Japan
Institute for Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine,
Georg-August University, Goettingen, Germany
Asosiasi Patologi Veteriner Indonesia (APVI)
Asian College Conservation Medicine, Japan
Pemeriksaan Keadaan Luar
Periksa: 1. Keadaan Umum; 2. Jenis kelamin; 3. Kulit dan bulu;
4. Lubang-lubang kumlah; 5. Glandula mamari
Pemeriksaan Glandula Mamaria
Tahap Nekropsi
• Tempatkan hewan dengan
punggung menempel pada
styrofoam
• Fiksir tiap kakinya dengan jarum
pentul.
• Basahi seluruh kulit dan bulu
bagian abdomen dan medial
kaki dengan alkohol
• Buat sayatan di kulit sepanjang
linea alba, mulai dari ujung
dagu (regio mentalis) hingga ke
tepi anterior tulang pelvis
(pecten ossis pubis).
Penyayatan Kulit
Pembukaan kulit
• Kulit dipreparir hingga dapat
dikuakkan ke samping tubuh,
termasuk kulit di bagian atas
dari kaki-kaki.
• Fiksir kulit dengan jarum
pentul
• Sambil membuka kulit,
dilakukan pengamatan pada
subcutan
Lokasi Sistem Limfatik
Tikus Betina Dengan Glandula Clitoris (GC: Gl. Clitoridis)
Pembukaan Ruang Abdomen
• Otot perut (dinding abdomen)
digunting di linea alba,
dimulai dari ujung tulang
dada (processus xiphoideus)
hingga pecten ossis pubis.
• Gunting otot perut dibawah
kurvatura tulang rusuk dan di
daerah sekitar paha, hingga
otot-otot perut dapat
dikuakkan ke kanan dan ke
kiri
• Untuk lebih memudahkan
mengamati organ-organ
rongga perut, otot-otot perut
disingkirkan.
Pemeriksaan Ruang Abdomen
Pembukaan ruang
abdomen dan
pemeriksaan umum
Rongga Perut dengan Berbagai Organ
Sistem Pencernaan dan Limpa
Pemotongan oesophagus (OE) agar dapat mengeluarkan
organ-organ pencernaan. CX: Cartilago xiphoidea; Spleen
Sistem Pencernaan dan Limpa
Lambung Tikus dan Bagian-bagiannya
Ginjal dan Kelenjar Adrenal
Urogenitalia Tikus Jantan
Penis dikeluarkan bersama dengan kelenjar asesorius (gl. vecicularis, gl.
vesicula seminalis, gl. prostate, gl. bulbourethralis), vesica urinaria, urethra
dan penis. DD: Ductus deferens.
Testis, Epididimis dan Ductus deferens
Urogenitalia Tikus Jantan
Urogenitalia Tikus Jantan
Kelenjar asesorius pada tikus jantan. P: gl. Prostate, GC: gl.
coagulationis, GV: gl. Vecicularis, GB: Gg. Bulbourethralis,
U: Urinary bladder.
Alat Reproduksi Tikus Betina
Organ-organ di ruang abdomen dan pelvis tikus betina. R:
Rectum, OV: Ovarium, SP: Symphysis pelvina.
Pembukaan Rongga Dada
1.Tulang rusuk terakhir
dipotong ke depan
menuju arkus tulang
sternum
2.Pemotongan dilakukan
pada sisi kanan maupun
kiri, kemudian perlekatan
dengan difragma
dipreparir, sehingga
tulang sternum dan
sebagian tulang rusuk
berbentuk segitiga dapat
dibuang
Pembukaan Rongga Dada
CX: Cartilago xiphoidea. DI: Diaphragma.
Pemeriksaan Timus
Pengeluaran Organ-organ Rongga Dada
Pengeluaran organ-organ rongga dada dalam satu
rangkaian: lidah, esophagus dan trakhea
Pembukaan Kranium
• Buat sayatan pada
kulit kepala tepat
dibagian tengah dan
berakhir sejajar
telinga
• Buang kulit dan otototot di bagian dorsal
dan kaudal kranium
Pembukaan Kranium
dan Pengambilan Otak
Pembukaan Kranium
Pemeriksaan
gl. Harderian
Pemeriksaan
hyphophysa
setelah otak
diambil
Pemeriksaan Kelenjar Ludah
Pemeriksaan kelenjar ludah dan limfonodus. LNN: Lymph nodes.
GSL: gl. sublingualis. GSM: Gl. submaxillaris.
Pengambilan Mata
GLE: Gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis. GP: Gl. parotis
Bagian Ventral Leher
GT: gl. Thyreoidea, L: Larynx, T: Trachea, M: Musculus masseter.
Nervus ischiadicus (NI) diantara otot paha medial
Sampling Organ
How To and How Not To Submit your Biopsy Specimens
DA Kamstock, DVM, DACVP, LL Debuse, EJ Ehrhart, DVM, DACVP, BE Powers, DVM, DACVP
Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory
1
Clinical Information
3
6
Packaging
Formalin filled jars containing specimens should be placed in
a plastic bag, box, or other container with absorbent material to
absorb any leakage (A)
Please provide signalment and pertinent clinical information
Certain lesions occur more commonly in different species and
certain breeds
Anatomical location of a lesion, as well as clinical appearance and
progression, may also be critical information to allow your
pathologist to provide you with the best possible diagnosis and/or
differentials
If you have a specific question, are concerned about a possible
disease process, or have a list of differentials you’d like to rule out,
please indicate such.
Tumor Bed Samples
A
B
C
Submitting Multiple Sites
Tissue Fixation
Routine tissue fixation = 1:10 tissue to neutral buffered formalin
YES
For appropriate fixation, 0.5 – 1.0 cm tissue thickness is
recommended
Specimens can be held to fix (at least 24 hours) at your clinic
prior to sending to the lab to avoid shipping large volumes of
formalin which can be expensive and increase the risk of leaking
NO
1. Submission of samples from the post-surgical
bed
2. Any tumor in these
specimens is evidence of remaining microscopic
disease
3. Similar to
“submitting multiple sites” clearly label and submit
each region individually
YES
NO
Bread loafing (incomplete parallel cuts at a minimum of 2cm
apart) can be performed on large specimens (be sure to avoid
complete transection or too many cuts which can both result in
loss of tissue orientation!)
1. Ink the area of interest
2. Be sure to ink prior to bread loafing (if
needed)
3. Allow ink to
begin drying before placing the specimen in
formalin
Tagging
1. Used to indicate margins or for orientation
2. Use variable numbers and/or colors of suture
3. Provide a clear description on the
submission form denoting what the sutures
indicate (i.e. one suture = cranial margin)
Your fresh sample size should never be larger than the most
narrow portion of the jar in which you are submitting it (C). If it
is, this will require cutting plastic jars or breaking glass jars
(undesirable) in order to retrieve the tissue which may become
altered in the process.
4
2
Surgical Ink
Paperwork should be placed in a separate plastic bag to avoid
contact with formalin if leaking does occur. Such contact can
result in altered and illegible paperwork (B)
Again, please make every effort to provide this necessary
information in the designated areas on the CSU-VDL biopsy
submission form. It will help us help you help your patients.
YES
Denoting Margins
suture
YES
5
The optimal method by which to submit
multiple lesions from a single animal is to
submit each specimen individually in its own
respective and appropriately labeled jar. This
should be reflected on the submitted
paperwork.
If multiple specimens are submitted in a
single container (which is less ideal) there
needs to be some method of tissue
identification (i.e. suture) to denote
specimens relative to respective anatomic
site.
NO
Other Things to Avoid
Please help keep our technicians
fingers safe and DO NOT submit
specimens with needles for any
reason!
Please do no staple, suture, or pin
tissue to cardboard. It can damage
tissue and prevent appropriate margin
assessment
8
NO
NO
What Else Should I know?
It is important for you to realize that after all is said and done
the pathologist typically evaluates 1 to 4, 5um thick sections
from the entire specimen which is submitted (A).
Endoscopic Biopsies
NO
7
YES
Our staff and pathologists are here to assist you. If you have
questions about how best to submit your sample or have
questions regarding any other issues, please contact the lab (970)-297-1281.
Additional information on the CSU-VDL can be found on the
web at www.dlab.colostate.edu Visit Us!
A
A. Incomplete parallel cuts at a
minimum of 2cm apart (bread
loafing) can be utilized to assist
with appropriate tissue fixation
for large specimens
B
B. Large samples can be held
and fixed at your clinic prior to
submitting to the lab to help
avoid shipping large volumes of
formalin which may be costly and
hazardous
C
C. This is an example of an ~20cm
diameter mass lesion which was fixed
at the clinic and subsequently sent to
the lab in a plastic, labeled, zip lock
bag devoid of any formalin. (bar =
~2.5 cm)
Do not submit endoscopic
biopsies wrapped in gauze
sponges.
Specimens
may
become lost or may be crushed
during the attempted retrieval
process. It is better to submit
the specimen free floating in the
jar than with gauze or any other
material
Do not place endoscopic
biopsies on fragments of
cardboard.
Specimens will
either float off or, if adhered,
tissue will slough off during
retrieval
and/or
may
be
associated
with
cardboard
fibers
The optimal method by which to
submit an endoscopic biopsy is to
place it in a screen cassette after
which the cassette should be placed in
an appropriately labeled formalin filled
jar. If individual cassettes are labeled
properly (sharpie or no2 pencil),
multiple cassettes can be place in one
jar.
A. From
mass to
block to
slide
Our staff
is here
working
hard for
you!
Sampling Organ
• Mengumpulkan sampel se-aseptik mungkin
• jaringan
• aspirat
• kultur darah
– Alat nekropsi steril
• Disinfeksi cold pack
• Alat autoclave
• Alkohol and pembakar
• Masukkan sampel yang representatif
• Ambil sampel dari yang rusak
• Ambil sample dari yang segar dan baik
Sampling
Organ
• Fiksatif Buffered Neutral Formalin 10%
• Volume Fiksatif : Organ = 10 : 1
• Waktu fiksatif yang cukup minimal 48
jam sebelum prosesing jaringan
JARINGAN
Jaringan
• Koleksi sebesar genggaman (jika kurang, jaga kelembaban)
• Hanya jaringan yang dikirim untuk histopatologi yang harus diberi
formalin
• Jaringan dapat dikirim dalam:
– Whirl Pac
– Mangkok fecal/ urine yang bersih (belum digunakan) atau
kontainer plastik.
– Snap cap tube
– Red top tube
• Jaringan harus tetap lembab
– (cukup untuk melindungi jaringan)
– Bungkus dalam steril 4X4 soaked dalam salin steril
Contoh Pengiriman
Sample yang Buruk
Contoh Pengiriman Sample yang Baik
PENGUJIAN PATOLOGI
MAKROSKOPIS
Patologi Anatomi
MIKROSKOPIS
Histopatologi
Sitopatologi
Histokimia (Pewarnaan Khusus)
Imunohistokimia (Reaksi Ag-Ab)
Elektron Mikroskopi (SEM & TEM)
ANALISI YANG DIPAKAI
1. Deskriptif
2. Skoring Lesio dengan metode Histoskor (Intensitas x
Distribusi), yang dilanjutkan dengan Analisis Statistika
Studi Infeksi Virus
Parvovirus - Myokarditis
Intranuclear inclusion body
Sarang radang
Analisis
Histopatologi
Tahapan
Kerusakan
otot jantung
akibat
Kardiotoksin
Studi Histopatologi
Kinetika Tumor
TC
Basal Sel Tumor
HP
Studi
Transplantasi
Sel Tumor
Pada Nude
Mouse
Studi Tumor Imunologi
Imunohistokimia
Antibodi-Antikeratin
Penulisan Laporan
•
•
•
•
•
Signalemen
Anamnese
Temuan Patologi Anatomi
Histopatologi
Diagnosa/ Diferensial diagnosa
REFERENSI
• Henrik Elvang Jensen
Department of Veterinary
Pathobiology,
Royal Veterinary and Agricultural
University, Copenhagen, Denmark
• Vincenzo Covelli - Guide to the
Necropsy of the Mouse
• Dan lain lain
Terima Kasih
MoU Program Studi S1 Farmasi Universitas Gunadarma, Rabu, 20 Februari 2019, Kampus Graha Simatupang,
Universitas Gunadarma
TATA CARA NEKROPSI TIKUS
dan PENGUJIAN PATOLOGI
Prof. Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto, Drh, MS, Ph D, APVet, Dipl. ACCM.
Kepala Divisi Patologi
Departemen Klinik, Reproduksi & Patologi (KRP)
Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan; Institut Pertanian Bogor
Profil
Prof. Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto, Drh, MS, Ph D, APVet, Dipl. ACCM.
Tempat/Tanggal lahir
NIP
Pangkat
Golongan
Jabatan
Fakultas
Departemen
Divisi
Alamat Kantor
Telepon dan Faksimili
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
: [email protected]
Strata
S-1 (Drs. Med. Vet.)
Dokter Hewan (Drh)
S-2 (MS)
S-3 (Ph.D)
Tahun
1983
1984
1990
1994
Post Doktoral
1999
Brevet
2009
2013
Keahlian
Bandung, 28 Februari 1960
19600228 198601 1 001
Pembina Utama Madya/ Guru Besar
IV/D
Kepala Divisi Patologi Veteriner
Kedokteran Hewan
Klinik, Reproduksi & Patologi (KRP)
Patologi Veteriner
Jalan Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, BOGOR
(0251) 8421807 – kantor
Bidang
Kedokteran Hewan
Kedokteran Hewan
Sains Veteriner
Pathology & Preventive Veterinary
Medicine
Neuropathology of Prion Diseases
Ahli Patologi Veteriner (APVet.)
Diplomate Asian College Conservation
Medicine ( DACCM)
Patologi Veteriner
Tempat
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Institut Pertanian Bogor
United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences,
Yamaguchi University, Japan
Institute for Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine,
Georg-August University, Goettingen, Germany
Asosiasi Patologi Veteriner Indonesia (APVI)
Asian College Conservation Medicine, Japan
Pemeriksaan Keadaan Luar
Periksa: 1. Keadaan Umum; 2. Jenis kelamin; 3. Kulit dan bulu;
4. Lubang-lubang kumlah; 5. Glandula mamari
Pemeriksaan Glandula Mamaria
Tahap Nekropsi
• Tempatkan hewan dengan
punggung menempel pada
styrofoam
• Fiksir tiap kakinya dengan jarum
pentul.
• Basahi seluruh kulit dan bulu
bagian abdomen dan medial
kaki dengan alkohol
• Buat sayatan di kulit sepanjang
linea alba, mulai dari ujung
dagu (regio mentalis) hingga ke
tepi anterior tulang pelvis
(pecten ossis pubis).
Penyayatan Kulit
Pembukaan kulit
• Kulit dipreparir hingga dapat
dikuakkan ke samping tubuh,
termasuk kulit di bagian atas
dari kaki-kaki.
• Fiksir kulit dengan jarum
pentul
• Sambil membuka kulit,
dilakukan pengamatan pada
subcutan
Lokasi Sistem Limfatik
Tikus Betina Dengan Glandula Clitoris (GC: Gl. Clitoridis)
Pembukaan Ruang Abdomen
• Otot perut (dinding abdomen)
digunting di linea alba,
dimulai dari ujung tulang
dada (processus xiphoideus)
hingga pecten ossis pubis.
• Gunting otot perut dibawah
kurvatura tulang rusuk dan di
daerah sekitar paha, hingga
otot-otot perut dapat
dikuakkan ke kanan dan ke
kiri
• Untuk lebih memudahkan
mengamati organ-organ
rongga perut, otot-otot perut
disingkirkan.
Pemeriksaan Ruang Abdomen
Pembukaan ruang
abdomen dan
pemeriksaan umum
Rongga Perut dengan Berbagai Organ
Sistem Pencernaan dan Limpa
Pemotongan oesophagus (OE) agar dapat mengeluarkan
organ-organ pencernaan. CX: Cartilago xiphoidea; Spleen
Sistem Pencernaan dan Limpa
Lambung Tikus dan Bagian-bagiannya
Ginjal dan Kelenjar Adrenal
Urogenitalia Tikus Jantan
Penis dikeluarkan bersama dengan kelenjar asesorius (gl. vecicularis, gl.
vesicula seminalis, gl. prostate, gl. bulbourethralis), vesica urinaria, urethra
dan penis. DD: Ductus deferens.
Testis, Epididimis dan Ductus deferens
Urogenitalia Tikus Jantan
Urogenitalia Tikus Jantan
Kelenjar asesorius pada tikus jantan. P: gl. Prostate, GC: gl.
coagulationis, GV: gl. Vecicularis, GB: Gg. Bulbourethralis,
U: Urinary bladder.
Alat Reproduksi Tikus Betina
Organ-organ di ruang abdomen dan pelvis tikus betina. R:
Rectum, OV: Ovarium, SP: Symphysis pelvina.
Pembukaan Rongga Dada
1.Tulang rusuk terakhir
dipotong ke depan
menuju arkus tulang
sternum
2.Pemotongan dilakukan
pada sisi kanan maupun
kiri, kemudian perlekatan
dengan difragma
dipreparir, sehingga
tulang sternum dan
sebagian tulang rusuk
berbentuk segitiga dapat
dibuang
Pembukaan Rongga Dada
CX: Cartilago xiphoidea. DI: Diaphragma.
Pemeriksaan Timus
Pengeluaran Organ-organ Rongga Dada
Pengeluaran organ-organ rongga dada dalam satu
rangkaian: lidah, esophagus dan trakhea
Pembukaan Kranium
• Buat sayatan pada
kulit kepala tepat
dibagian tengah dan
berakhir sejajar
telinga
• Buang kulit dan otototot di bagian dorsal
dan kaudal kranium
Pembukaan Kranium
dan Pengambilan Otak
Pembukaan Kranium
Pemeriksaan
gl. Harderian
Pemeriksaan
hyphophysa
setelah otak
diambil
Pemeriksaan Kelenjar Ludah
Pemeriksaan kelenjar ludah dan limfonodus. LNN: Lymph nodes.
GSL: gl. sublingualis. GSM: Gl. submaxillaris.
Pengambilan Mata
GLE: Gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis. GP: Gl. parotis
Bagian Ventral Leher
GT: gl. Thyreoidea, L: Larynx, T: Trachea, M: Musculus masseter.
Nervus ischiadicus (NI) diantara otot paha medial
Sampling Organ
How To and How Not To Submit your Biopsy Specimens
DA Kamstock, DVM, DACVP, LL Debuse, EJ Ehrhart, DVM, DACVP, BE Powers, DVM, DACVP
Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory
1
Clinical Information
3
6
Packaging
Formalin filled jars containing specimens should be placed in
a plastic bag, box, or other container with absorbent material to
absorb any leakage (A)
Please provide signalment and pertinent clinical information
Certain lesions occur more commonly in different species and
certain breeds
Anatomical location of a lesion, as well as clinical appearance and
progression, may also be critical information to allow your
pathologist to provide you with the best possible diagnosis and/or
differentials
If you have a specific question, are concerned about a possible
disease process, or have a list of differentials you’d like to rule out,
please indicate such.
Tumor Bed Samples
A
B
C
Submitting Multiple Sites
Tissue Fixation
Routine tissue fixation = 1:10 tissue to neutral buffered formalin
YES
For appropriate fixation, 0.5 – 1.0 cm tissue thickness is
recommended
Specimens can be held to fix (at least 24 hours) at your clinic
prior to sending to the lab to avoid shipping large volumes of
formalin which can be expensive and increase the risk of leaking
NO
1. Submission of samples from the post-surgical
bed
2. Any tumor in these
specimens is evidence of remaining microscopic
disease
3. Similar to
“submitting multiple sites” clearly label and submit
each region individually
YES
NO
Bread loafing (incomplete parallel cuts at a minimum of 2cm
apart) can be performed on large specimens (be sure to avoid
complete transection or too many cuts which can both result in
loss of tissue orientation!)
1. Ink the area of interest
2. Be sure to ink prior to bread loafing (if
needed)
3. Allow ink to
begin drying before placing the specimen in
formalin
Tagging
1. Used to indicate margins or for orientation
2. Use variable numbers and/or colors of suture
3. Provide a clear description on the
submission form denoting what the sutures
indicate (i.e. one suture = cranial margin)
Your fresh sample size should never be larger than the most
narrow portion of the jar in which you are submitting it (C). If it
is, this will require cutting plastic jars or breaking glass jars
(undesirable) in order to retrieve the tissue which may become
altered in the process.
4
2
Surgical Ink
Paperwork should be placed in a separate plastic bag to avoid
contact with formalin if leaking does occur. Such contact can
result in altered and illegible paperwork (B)
Again, please make every effort to provide this necessary
information in the designated areas on the CSU-VDL biopsy
submission form. It will help us help you help your patients.
YES
Denoting Margins
suture
YES
5
The optimal method by which to submit
multiple lesions from a single animal is to
submit each specimen individually in its own
respective and appropriately labeled jar. This
should be reflected on the submitted
paperwork.
If multiple specimens are submitted in a
single container (which is less ideal) there
needs to be some method of tissue
identification (i.e. suture) to denote
specimens relative to respective anatomic
site.
NO
Other Things to Avoid
Please help keep our technicians
fingers safe and DO NOT submit
specimens with needles for any
reason!
Please do no staple, suture, or pin
tissue to cardboard. It can damage
tissue and prevent appropriate margin
assessment
8
NO
NO
What Else Should I know?
It is important for you to realize that after all is said and done
the pathologist typically evaluates 1 to 4, 5um thick sections
from the entire specimen which is submitted (A).
Endoscopic Biopsies
NO
7
YES
Our staff and pathologists are here to assist you. If you have
questions about how best to submit your sample or have
questions regarding any other issues, please contact the lab (970)-297-1281.
Additional information on the CSU-VDL can be found on the
web at www.dlab.colostate.edu Visit Us!
A
A. Incomplete parallel cuts at a
minimum of 2cm apart (bread
loafing) can be utilized to assist
with appropriate tissue fixation
for large specimens
B
B. Large samples can be held
and fixed at your clinic prior to
submitting to the lab to help
avoid shipping large volumes of
formalin which may be costly and
hazardous
C
C. This is an example of an ~20cm
diameter mass lesion which was fixed
at the clinic and subsequently sent to
the lab in a plastic, labeled, zip lock
bag devoid of any formalin. (bar =
~2.5 cm)
Do not submit endoscopic
biopsies wrapped in gauze
sponges.
Specimens
may
become lost or may be crushed
during the attempted retrieval
process. It is better to submit
the specimen free floating in the
jar than with gauze or any other
material
Do not place endoscopic
biopsies on fragments of
cardboard.
Specimens will
either float off or, if adhered,
tissue will slough off during
retrieval
and/or
may
be
associated
with
cardboard
fibers
The optimal method by which to
submit an endoscopic biopsy is to
place it in a screen cassette after
which the cassette should be placed in
an appropriately labeled formalin filled
jar. If individual cassettes are labeled
properly (sharpie or no2 pencil),
multiple cassettes can be place in one
jar.
A. From
mass to
block to
slide
Our staff
is here
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Sampling Organ
• Mengumpulkan sampel se-aseptik mungkin
• jaringan
• aspirat
• kultur darah
– Alat nekropsi steril
• Disinfeksi cold pack
• Alat autoclave
• Alkohol and pembakar
• Masukkan sampel yang representatif
• Ambil sampel dari yang rusak
• Ambil sample dari yang segar dan baik
Sampling
Organ
• Fiksatif Buffered Neutral Formalin 10%
• Volume Fiksatif : Organ = 10 : 1
• Waktu fiksatif yang cukup minimal 48
jam sebelum prosesing jaringan
JARINGAN
Jaringan
• Koleksi sebesar genggaman (jika kurang, jaga kelembaban)
• Hanya jaringan yang dikirim untuk histopatologi yang harus diberi
formalin
• Jaringan dapat dikirim dalam:
– Whirl Pac
– Mangkok fecal/ urine yang bersih (belum digunakan) atau
kontainer plastik.
– Snap cap tube
– Red top tube
• Jaringan harus tetap lembab
– (cukup untuk melindungi jaringan)
– Bungkus dalam steril 4X4 soaked dalam salin steril
Contoh Pengiriman
Sample yang Buruk
Contoh Pengiriman Sample yang Baik
PENGUJIAN PATOLOGI
MAKROSKOPIS
Patologi Anatomi
MIKROSKOPIS
Histopatologi
Sitopatologi
Histokimia (Pewarnaan Khusus)
Imunohistokimia (Reaksi Ag-Ab)
Elektron Mikroskopi (SEM & TEM)
ANALISI YANG DIPAKAI
1. Deskriptif
2. Skoring Lesio dengan metode Histoskor (Intensitas x
Distribusi), yang dilanjutkan dengan Analisis Statistika
Studi Infeksi Virus
Parvovirus - Myokarditis
Intranuclear inclusion body
Sarang radang
Analisis
Histopatologi
Tahapan
Kerusakan
otot jantung
akibat
Kardiotoksin
Studi Histopatologi
Kinetika Tumor
TC
Basal Sel Tumor
HP
Studi
Transplantasi
Sel Tumor
Pada Nude
Mouse
Studi Tumor Imunologi
Imunohistokimia
Antibodi-Antikeratin
Penulisan Laporan
•
•
•
•
•
Signalemen
Anamnese
Temuan Patologi Anatomi
Histopatologi
Diagnosa/ Diferensial diagnosa
REFERENSI
• Henrik Elvang Jensen
Department of Veterinary
Pathobiology,
Royal Veterinary and Agricultural
University, Copenhagen, Denmark
• Vincenzo Covelli - Guide to the
Necropsy of the Mouse
• Dan lain lain
Terima Kasih