4-Psychological Measurement

-4Psychological measurement

D10F – 0007 / 3 SKS

Behavior Statistics

Departemen Statistika
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Universitas Padjadjaran

Case Study 1
• Hubungan antara tingkat kecerdasan IQ dengan IPK
mahasiswa

• Penggunaan lipstik warna merah terhadap ketertarikan lelaki
• Hubungan penggunaan gadget terhadap perstasi mahasiswa
• Orang kidal berumur lebih singkat dibandingkan dengan
orang normal

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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

Defi Yusti F.

Case Study 2
• Hubungan berat badan terhadap tingkat kepercayaan diri
seseorang

• Pengaruh suasana hati dengan tingkat kinerja karyawan
• Pengaruh stress terhadap kualitas tidur seseorang

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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

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Dou You Feel You Are
a Person of Worth???
1.

I feel that I’m a person of worth, at least on an equal plane with
others.

2.

I feel that I have a number of good qualities.

3.

All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure.

4.

I am able to do things as well as most other people.

5.

I feel I do not have much to be proud of.

6.

I take a positive attitude toward myself.

7.

On the whole, I am satisfied with myself.

8.

I wish I could have more respect for myself.

9.

I certainly feel useless at times.

10. At times I think I am no good at all.
Rosenberg, M. (1989). Society and the adolescent self-image (rev. ed.). Middletown,
CT: Wesleyan University

4Press.

Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

Defi Yusti F.

What is Measurement??
Measurement

Pemberian skor untuk suatu individu yang diamati
sehingga skor tersebut mewakili beberapa
karakteristik individu
Contoh :
• Mengukur suhu tubuh dengan menggunakan
thermometer
• Mengukur berat badan dengan timbangan

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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

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What is Measurement??
• Pengukuran dalam psikologi disebut dengan psikometri

Contoh
• Cognitive psikologist ingin mengukur kapasitas memori
seseorang. Bagaimana cara mengukurnya?
• Diberikan beberapa informasi dalam satu waktu. Kemudian
mereka diminta untuk mengulani informasi tersebut berdasarkan
urutan informasi paling ke akhir ke informasi paling awal, sampai
mereka membuat kesalahan.

• Clinical Psychologist ingin mengukur tingkat depresi
seseorang. Bagaimana?

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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

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Psychological Constructs

Variables
Straightfoward and
simple to measure
• Sex
• Height
• Weight
• Birth Order

Not so straightfoward and
simple to measure
• Personality Traits
(extrovertion)
• Emotional States (fear)
• Attitudes (toward taxes)
• Abilities

CONSTRUCS
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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

Defi Yusti F.

Psychological Constructs
• Psychological constructs cannot be observed
directly
• they often represent tendencies to think, feel, or act in
certain ways
• they often involve internal processes

• Summary of a complex set of behaviors and
internal processes

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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

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The Big Five

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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

Defi Yusti F.

conceptual definition
• The conceptual definition of a psychological construct
describes the behaviors and internal processes that
make up that construct, along with how it relates to
other variables.
• For example, a conceptual definition of neuroticism
(another one of the Big Five) would be that it is people’s
tendency to experience negative emotions such as anxiety,

anger, and sadness across a variety of situations.
• This definition might also include that it has a strong
genetic component, remains fairly stable over time, and is
positively correlated with the tendency to experience pain
and other physical symptoms.
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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

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Operational Defintion

Operational
Definition

Self-Report
Measures

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Behavioral
Measures

definition of a
variable in
terms of
precisely how
it is to be
measured

Converging
Operations

Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

Defi Yusti F.

Levels of Measurement

Ratio

Interval
Ordinal
Nominal
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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

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Levels of Measurement
• Levels of measurement are important
for at least two reasons
• they emphasize the generality of the concept of
measurement
• the levels of measurement can serve as a rough
guide to the statistical procedures that can be
used with the data and the conclusions that can
be drawn from them

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Behavior Statistics : Ppsychological Measurement

Defi Yusti F.