Variation Kinship Term By Natal People in Medan: A Sociolinguisyic Analysis
VARIATION KINSHIP TERM BY NATAL PEOPLE IN MEDAN:
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
A THESIS
BY
FADILLAH EKA PRAYOGI
REG. NO. 110705009
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
VARIATION KINSHIP TERM BY NATAL PEOPLE IN MEDAN:
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
A THESIS
BY
FADILLAH EKA PRAYOGI
REG. NO. 110705009
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The SarjanaSastra Examination.
Head,
Dr. Deliana, M.Hum.
NIP. 19571117198303 2 002
Secretary,
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D
NIP.19750209 200812 1 002
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for
the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on April6th, 2017.
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S.
NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. Deliana, M.Hum.
___________________
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D.
___________________
Prof. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.
___________________
Dr. Drs. RidwanHanafiah, SH., MA
___________________
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, FADILLAH EKA PRAYOGI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE
AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN
THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL
PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART
FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED
ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED
WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS
THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD
OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: FADILLAH EKA PRAYOGI
TITLE OF THESIS : VARIATION KINSHIP TERM BY NATAL PEOPLE IN
MEDAN: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed : FadillahEkaPrayogi
Date
: April 6th 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praise to Allah SWT who always gives me blessing,
power, strength and love in my entire life and in terms of my study, especially in
completing this thesis as one of the requirements to get Scholar Certificate in English
Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.
I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to the Dean of Faculty
of Cultural Sciences, Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S, The head of English Departement,
Dr. H. MuhizarMuchtar, MS, and the Secretary of English Department,
RahmadsyahRangkuti, M.A. Ph.D, and to all the lectures of English
Department for all assistances, valuable knowledge and facilities during my
academic year.
My sincere gratitude goes to my Supervisor,Dr. RidwanHanafiah, M.A,
and my Co-Supervisor, Drs. Mohammad Syafi’ie, M.A, who given me a considerable
amount if contribution of knowledge, spared their valuable time to comment,
encourage, and guide me to finishing this thesis.
Further, my sincere gratefulness is devoted to my beloved dad Suprastio, my
mom Sugiarti and my alm. grandma, alm. grandpa, all my uncles, all my aunts also
thank you so much to my beloved siblings DwikiDarmawan, and BagusPriambudi.
My cousins Andre, Reza, Arya, Bela, Hafiz and Dindi for their endless support,
attention prays and love which they have been giving to me not only during the term
of my study and my completing of this thesis, but also in everyday’s motivation and
encouragement for a better future Beside them I would like to thank to all my
relatives for their mental support.
Last but not least, my special thanks are due to all my friends, the first for
bang Rusdi, kakfika, and the family, bang Anda, bang Andi and the family, bang Reza
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
and the family. Thanks to all my classmates especially Indri, Ayu, Sari Dewi, Fani,
Febby, Sola, Ridho, Mamat and Dedad (someday let’s rewind the good old days) that
always share suggestions, happiness, and sadness when we felt down, and homesick,
then especially to those who amazingly close to me, they are that have amazingly
brotherhood bound bang Ijal, bang Yuda, bang Kiteng, bang Yudi, bang Madzi, Abel,
Yanto, Wahyu, Dimas. Thanks to all seniors and alumni all at once, especially bang
Zul, kak Nanda, kak Poppy, bang Gullit, bang Hadi, bang Fikri, bang Rizki, kakWina,
and kakCica. Thanks to all my beloved juniors especially to, Febri, Raja, Ahsan, Jaka,
Akmal, Yola, Dimas ‘Maghrib’, Lewi, Frans, Nurul, Andre, Roni, Fitra, Agung,
Amsal, Rezy, Randy, Fatiyah, Geraldi, Intanta, Reza TJ, Tina, Nanda, Dede, Venice,
Dwi, Debora, Olive, Jessica, Zura, Inco, Windo, Fitri, Depa, Zara, Elsa, Kiki, Suci,
Refi, Dini, Ossy and all that I can’t mention one by one here. My special thanks also
for my ex, ChairunnisaSitorus and my best friends that always there for me, Gustina,
Rahimah, Helmi, Ika, Lily, Aji, AgungHandi for their support and helped so I can
finish this thesis. Thank you so much for all of my friends in class A 2011, B 2011,
seniors, and juniors who cannot I mention all of your names.
In writing this paper, I realized that this thesis is far from being perfect
though I have done my best, so I hope suggestion for this thesis. Without any helps
and support from all parties, this thesis would not be completed. Finally, I expect this
thesis would be useful for the readers in future.
Medan, April 2017
The Writer
FadillahEkaPrayogi
No. Reg. 110705009
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
The thesis entitled ‘Variation Kinship Termsby Natal People in Medan: A
Sociolinguistic Analysis’ is a linguistics study. This study appears because of the
importancevariation of kinship termNatal family in Medan. This thesis was done to
answer the curiosity of the writer about variation of kinship term by Natal people in
Medan. The objective of this study is to find out the how are the variations of kinship
termand why dovariations of kinship term occur by Natal people in Medan. This
Natal people chosen because they have unique language use to family member
included age, gender, social status, and relationship with the speaker. There is native
people still use native variationof kinship term although they live in city. In order to
identify and classify the variations of kinship termby Natal people in Medan, Holmes
theory about variations of language variation is used. The method of the analysis is
descriptive qualitative method. As the result of this research variation of kinship
terms and why do variations of kinship term occur, there are 5 clusters and there are
46 kinship terms: 4 kinship terms related to father; 3 kinship term related to mother;
7 kinship terms related to uncles; 6 kinship terms related to aunt; 4 kinship terms
related to sisters; 3 kinship terms related to brother; 3 related kinship terms related to
father in law; 3 kinship terms related to mother in law; 2 kinship terms related to
grandfather; 2 kinship terms related to grandmother; 4 kinship terms related to male
cousin; 5 kinship terms related to female cousin.
Based on the analysis why the language use occurs in natal family, that’s because
there is different order of birth with the others in family members, gender between
the speaker and the opponent talk, and close relationship with people outside the
family member.
Keywords: language variation, kinship term, Natal people
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Tesisberjudul ‘variasiistilah - istilahkekerabatanorang Natal di Medan:
analisissosiolinguistik’adalahsebuahkajianlinguistik.
Studiinimunculkarenapentingnyavariasikekerabatanistilahdalamkeluarga Natal di
Medan.Tesisinidilakukanuntukmenjawabkeingintahuanpenulistentangvariasiistilahke
kerabatanoleh
orang
Natal
di
Medan.Tujuandaripenelitianiniadalahuntukmengetahuibagaimanavariasiistilahkekera
batandanmengapavariasiistilahkekerabatanterjadioleh orang-orang Natal di Medan.
Orang
Natal
inidipilihkarenamerekamemilikipenggunaanbahasa
yang
unikuntukpanggilankepadaanggotakeluargatermasukusia, jeniskelamin, status sosial,
danhubungandenganpembicarabahasa.
Ada
orang-orang
Natalasli
yangmasihmenggunakanvariasiasliistilahkekerabatanmeskipunmerekatinggal di kota.
Untukmengidentifikasidanmengklasifikasikanvariasiistilahkekerabatanoleh
orangorang
Natal
di
Medan,
penulismenggunakanteori
Holmestentangvariasivariasibahasa.Metodeanalisisadalahmetodekualitatifdeskriptif.S
ebagaihasildaripenelitianvariasiistilahkekerabatandanmengapaterjadivariasiistilahkek
erabatan, ada 5 klusterdanada 46 istilahkekerabatan: 4istilahkekerabatan yang
berkaitandengan
ayah;
3istilahkekerabatanterkaitdenganibu;
7istilahkekerabatanterkaitdenganpaman; 6istilahkekerabatanterkaitdenganbibi; 4
istilahkekerabatan yang terkaitdengansaudaraperempuan; 3 istilahkekerabatan yang
terkaitdengansaudaralaki-laki, 3 istilahkekerabatan yang terkaitdengan ayah mertua;
3 istilahkekerabatan yang terkaitdenganibumertua; 2istilahkekerabatan yang
terkaitdengankakek;
2
istilahkekerabatan
yang
terkaitdengannenek;
4
istilahkekerabatan yang terkaitdengansepupulaki-laki; 5istilahkekerabatan yang
terkaitdengansepupuperempuan.
Berdasarkananalisismengapapenggunaanbahasa
yang
terjadidalamkeluarga
natal,karenaadanyaperbedaanurutankelahirandengananggotakeluarga yang lain,
jeniskelaminantarapembicaradanlawanbicara, danhubungandekatdengan orang-orang
di luaranggotakeluarga.
katakunci: language variation, kinship term, Natal people
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION................................................................................i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................... ..i
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................................iii
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS....................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 1
1.1
Background of the Study ................................................................... 1
1.2
Problem of the Study .........................................................................6
1.3
Objective of the Study .......................................................................7
1.4
Scope of Study ..................................................................................7
1.5
Significance of The Study .................................................................7
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE .......................................................6
2.1
Sociolinguistics .................................................................................. 6
2.2 The Variation of Language .....................................................................7
2.2.1Classification of Language Variation ...................................................8
2.2.2 Sociolect and Language Variation .......................................................10
2.2.3 Style and Language Variation .............................................................10
2.2.4Variation in Terms of Formality ...........................................................11
2.3Why Does Variations of Kinship Term Occur by Natal People..............13
CHAPTER III: METHOD OF RESEARCH ........................................................15
3.1
Research Design .................................................................................15
3.2Data & Source of Data.............................................................................15
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
3.3 Data Collection Procedures ....................................................................16
3.4. Data Analysis .........................................................................................17
CHAPTER IV : ANALYSIS AND FINDING .......................................................20
4.1How are theVariations of Kinship Terms by Natal People in Medan
.........................................................................................................20
4.1.1Variations of Kinship Terms by Natal People in Medan ....................20
4.1.1.1Variation to Parents .........................................................................20
4.1.1.2
Variations to Uncles ..........................................................22
4.1.1.3 Variations to Aunts ...........................................................................23
4.1.1.4 Variations to Sisters .......................................................................24
4.1.1.5
4.1.1.6
4.1.1.7
Variations to Brothers .....................................................25
Variation to Father & Mother in Law .............................26
Variation to Grandparents ...............................................27
4.1.1.8
Variation Male toMale Cousin ........................................28
4.1.1.9
Variation to Female Cousin ............................................29
4.2
4.2.1
Why do Variation of Kinship Terms Occur by Natal People in
Medan..............................................................................................30
Variations of Kinship Terms Occur by Natal People in
Medan...............................................................................30
4.2.1.1 Designation to Parents ...................................................................30
4.2.1.2 Designation to Uncles ....................................................................32
4.2.1.3
Designation to Aunts ............................................34
4.2.1.4
Designation to Sisters ...........................................36
4.2.1.5
Designation to Brothers ........................................37
4.2.1.6
Designation to Grandparents ................................38
4.2.1.7
Designation to Father & Mother in Law ..............39
4.2.1.8
Designation to Male Cousin .................................41
4.2.1.9
Designation to Female Cousin ..............................42
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION & SUGGESTION ...............................................43
vi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
5.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................43
5.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................43
REFERENCES .........................................................................................................44
APPENDICES
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
A THESIS
BY
FADILLAH EKA PRAYOGI
REG. NO. 110705009
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
VARIATION KINSHIP TERM BY NATAL PEOPLE IN MEDAN:
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
A THESIS
BY
FADILLAH EKA PRAYOGI
REG. NO. 110705009
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The SarjanaSastra Examination.
Head,
Dr. Deliana, M.Hum.
NIP. 19571117198303 2 002
Secretary,
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D
NIP.19750209 200812 1 002
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for
the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on April6th, 2017.
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S.
NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. Deliana, M.Hum.
___________________
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D.
___________________
Prof. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.
___________________
Dr. Drs. RidwanHanafiah, SH., MA
___________________
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, FADILLAH EKA PRAYOGI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE
AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN
THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL
PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART
FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED
ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED
WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS
THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD
OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: FADILLAH EKA PRAYOGI
TITLE OF THESIS : VARIATION KINSHIP TERM BY NATAL PEOPLE IN
MEDAN: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed : FadillahEkaPrayogi
Date
: April 6th 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praise to Allah SWT who always gives me blessing,
power, strength and love in my entire life and in terms of my study, especially in
completing this thesis as one of the requirements to get Scholar Certificate in English
Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.
I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to the Dean of Faculty
of Cultural Sciences, Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S, The head of English Departement,
Dr. H. MuhizarMuchtar, MS, and the Secretary of English Department,
RahmadsyahRangkuti, M.A. Ph.D, and to all the lectures of English
Department for all assistances, valuable knowledge and facilities during my
academic year.
My sincere gratitude goes to my Supervisor,Dr. RidwanHanafiah, M.A,
and my Co-Supervisor, Drs. Mohammad Syafi’ie, M.A, who given me a considerable
amount if contribution of knowledge, spared their valuable time to comment,
encourage, and guide me to finishing this thesis.
Further, my sincere gratefulness is devoted to my beloved dad Suprastio, my
mom Sugiarti and my alm. grandma, alm. grandpa, all my uncles, all my aunts also
thank you so much to my beloved siblings DwikiDarmawan, and BagusPriambudi.
My cousins Andre, Reza, Arya, Bela, Hafiz and Dindi for their endless support,
attention prays and love which they have been giving to me not only during the term
of my study and my completing of this thesis, but also in everyday’s motivation and
encouragement for a better future Beside them I would like to thank to all my
relatives for their mental support.
Last but not least, my special thanks are due to all my friends, the first for
bang Rusdi, kakfika, and the family, bang Anda, bang Andi and the family, bang Reza
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
and the family. Thanks to all my classmates especially Indri, Ayu, Sari Dewi, Fani,
Febby, Sola, Ridho, Mamat and Dedad (someday let’s rewind the good old days) that
always share suggestions, happiness, and sadness when we felt down, and homesick,
then especially to those who amazingly close to me, they are that have amazingly
brotherhood bound bang Ijal, bang Yuda, bang Kiteng, bang Yudi, bang Madzi, Abel,
Yanto, Wahyu, Dimas. Thanks to all seniors and alumni all at once, especially bang
Zul, kak Nanda, kak Poppy, bang Gullit, bang Hadi, bang Fikri, bang Rizki, kakWina,
and kakCica. Thanks to all my beloved juniors especially to, Febri, Raja, Ahsan, Jaka,
Akmal, Yola, Dimas ‘Maghrib’, Lewi, Frans, Nurul, Andre, Roni, Fitra, Agung,
Amsal, Rezy, Randy, Fatiyah, Geraldi, Intanta, Reza TJ, Tina, Nanda, Dede, Venice,
Dwi, Debora, Olive, Jessica, Zura, Inco, Windo, Fitri, Depa, Zara, Elsa, Kiki, Suci,
Refi, Dini, Ossy and all that I can’t mention one by one here. My special thanks also
for my ex, ChairunnisaSitorus and my best friends that always there for me, Gustina,
Rahimah, Helmi, Ika, Lily, Aji, AgungHandi for their support and helped so I can
finish this thesis. Thank you so much for all of my friends in class A 2011, B 2011,
seniors, and juniors who cannot I mention all of your names.
In writing this paper, I realized that this thesis is far from being perfect
though I have done my best, so I hope suggestion for this thesis. Without any helps
and support from all parties, this thesis would not be completed. Finally, I expect this
thesis would be useful for the readers in future.
Medan, April 2017
The Writer
FadillahEkaPrayogi
No. Reg. 110705009
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
The thesis entitled ‘Variation Kinship Termsby Natal People in Medan: A
Sociolinguistic Analysis’ is a linguistics study. This study appears because of the
importancevariation of kinship termNatal family in Medan. This thesis was done to
answer the curiosity of the writer about variation of kinship term by Natal people in
Medan. The objective of this study is to find out the how are the variations of kinship
termand why dovariations of kinship term occur by Natal people in Medan. This
Natal people chosen because they have unique language use to family member
included age, gender, social status, and relationship with the speaker. There is native
people still use native variationof kinship term although they live in city. In order to
identify and classify the variations of kinship termby Natal people in Medan, Holmes
theory about variations of language variation is used. The method of the analysis is
descriptive qualitative method. As the result of this research variation of kinship
terms and why do variations of kinship term occur, there are 5 clusters and there are
46 kinship terms: 4 kinship terms related to father; 3 kinship term related to mother;
7 kinship terms related to uncles; 6 kinship terms related to aunt; 4 kinship terms
related to sisters; 3 kinship terms related to brother; 3 related kinship terms related to
father in law; 3 kinship terms related to mother in law; 2 kinship terms related to
grandfather; 2 kinship terms related to grandmother; 4 kinship terms related to male
cousin; 5 kinship terms related to female cousin.
Based on the analysis why the language use occurs in natal family, that’s because
there is different order of birth with the others in family members, gender between
the speaker and the opponent talk, and close relationship with people outside the
family member.
Keywords: language variation, kinship term, Natal people
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Tesisberjudul ‘variasiistilah - istilahkekerabatanorang Natal di Medan:
analisissosiolinguistik’adalahsebuahkajianlinguistik.
Studiinimunculkarenapentingnyavariasikekerabatanistilahdalamkeluarga Natal di
Medan.Tesisinidilakukanuntukmenjawabkeingintahuanpenulistentangvariasiistilahke
kerabatanoleh
orang
Natal
di
Medan.Tujuandaripenelitianiniadalahuntukmengetahuibagaimanavariasiistilahkekera
batandanmengapavariasiistilahkekerabatanterjadioleh orang-orang Natal di Medan.
Orang
Natal
inidipilihkarenamerekamemilikipenggunaanbahasa
yang
unikuntukpanggilankepadaanggotakeluargatermasukusia, jeniskelamin, status sosial,
danhubungandenganpembicarabahasa.
Ada
orang-orang
Natalasli
yangmasihmenggunakanvariasiasliistilahkekerabatanmeskipunmerekatinggal di kota.
Untukmengidentifikasidanmengklasifikasikanvariasiistilahkekerabatanoleh
orangorang
Natal
di
Medan,
penulismenggunakanteori
Holmestentangvariasivariasibahasa.Metodeanalisisadalahmetodekualitatifdeskriptif.S
ebagaihasildaripenelitianvariasiistilahkekerabatandanmengapaterjadivariasiistilahkek
erabatan, ada 5 klusterdanada 46 istilahkekerabatan: 4istilahkekerabatan yang
berkaitandengan
ayah;
3istilahkekerabatanterkaitdenganibu;
7istilahkekerabatanterkaitdenganpaman; 6istilahkekerabatanterkaitdenganbibi; 4
istilahkekerabatan yang terkaitdengansaudaraperempuan; 3 istilahkekerabatan yang
terkaitdengansaudaralaki-laki, 3 istilahkekerabatan yang terkaitdengan ayah mertua;
3 istilahkekerabatan yang terkaitdenganibumertua; 2istilahkekerabatan yang
terkaitdengankakek;
2
istilahkekerabatan
yang
terkaitdengannenek;
4
istilahkekerabatan yang terkaitdengansepupulaki-laki; 5istilahkekerabatan yang
terkaitdengansepupuperempuan.
Berdasarkananalisismengapapenggunaanbahasa
yang
terjadidalamkeluarga
natal,karenaadanyaperbedaanurutankelahirandengananggotakeluarga yang lain,
jeniskelaminantarapembicaradanlawanbicara, danhubungandekatdengan orang-orang
di luaranggotakeluarga.
katakunci: language variation, kinship term, Natal people
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION................................................................................i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................... ..i
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................................iii
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS....................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 1
1.1
Background of the Study ................................................................... 1
1.2
Problem of the Study .........................................................................6
1.3
Objective of the Study .......................................................................7
1.4
Scope of Study ..................................................................................7
1.5
Significance of The Study .................................................................7
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE .......................................................6
2.1
Sociolinguistics .................................................................................. 6
2.2 The Variation of Language .....................................................................7
2.2.1Classification of Language Variation ...................................................8
2.2.2 Sociolect and Language Variation .......................................................10
2.2.3 Style and Language Variation .............................................................10
2.2.4Variation in Terms of Formality ...........................................................11
2.3Why Does Variations of Kinship Term Occur by Natal People..............13
CHAPTER III: METHOD OF RESEARCH ........................................................15
3.1
Research Design .................................................................................15
3.2Data & Source of Data.............................................................................15
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3.3 Data Collection Procedures ....................................................................16
3.4. Data Analysis .........................................................................................17
CHAPTER IV : ANALYSIS AND FINDING .......................................................20
4.1How are theVariations of Kinship Terms by Natal People in Medan
.........................................................................................................20
4.1.1Variations of Kinship Terms by Natal People in Medan ....................20
4.1.1.1Variation to Parents .........................................................................20
4.1.1.2
Variations to Uncles ..........................................................22
4.1.1.3 Variations to Aunts ...........................................................................23
4.1.1.4 Variations to Sisters .......................................................................24
4.1.1.5
4.1.1.6
4.1.1.7
Variations to Brothers .....................................................25
Variation to Father & Mother in Law .............................26
Variation to Grandparents ...............................................27
4.1.1.8
Variation Male toMale Cousin ........................................28
4.1.1.9
Variation to Female Cousin ............................................29
4.2
4.2.1
Why do Variation of Kinship Terms Occur by Natal People in
Medan..............................................................................................30
Variations of Kinship Terms Occur by Natal People in
Medan...............................................................................30
4.2.1.1 Designation to Parents ...................................................................30
4.2.1.2 Designation to Uncles ....................................................................32
4.2.1.3
Designation to Aunts ............................................34
4.2.1.4
Designation to Sisters ...........................................36
4.2.1.5
Designation to Brothers ........................................37
4.2.1.6
Designation to Grandparents ................................38
4.2.1.7
Designation to Father & Mother in Law ..............39
4.2.1.8
Designation to Male Cousin .................................41
4.2.1.9
Designation to Female Cousin ..............................42
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION & SUGGESTION ...............................................43
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5.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................43
5.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................43
REFERENCES .........................................................................................................44
APPENDICES
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