Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Antioksidan terhadap Peningkatan Ketahanan Salinitas pada Turunan F4 Kedelai berdasarkan Aktivitas Enzim Peroksidase (POD) dan Superoksida Dismutase (SOD)
28
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Afzal, I., S.M.A. Basra, N. Ahmad, and M. Farooq. 2005. Optimization of hormonal
priming techniques for alleviation of salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum
L.). Cardeno de Pesquisa Sėr. Bio., Santa Cruz do sul. 17(1):95-109.
Ahmad. P., G. Nabi and M. Ashraf. 2011. Cadmium-induced oxidative damage in
mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern. &Coss.) plants can be alleviated by
salicylic acid. South Afr J Bot 77:36–44.
Andrianto, T. T., dan N. Indarto, 2004. Budidaya dan Analisis Usaha Tani Kedelai,
Kacang Hijau dan Kacang Panjang. Absolut, Yogyakarta.
Aroca R, Irigoyen JJ, Diaz MS. 2001 Photosynthetic characteristics and protective
mechanisms against oxidative stress during chilling and subsequent recovery
in two maize varieties differing in chilling sensitivity. Plant Science 161 : 719–
726.
Ashlock, L. and L. Purcell. 2010. Growth and Development Soybean. University of
Arkansas, Monticello.
Azevedo-Neto, D., Prisco, J., Eneas, J., De Abreu, C. and Gomes, E. 2006. Effect of
salt stress on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots
of salt-tolerant and saltsensitive maize varieties. Environment and
Experimental Botany, 56 : 87 - 94.
(Bappenas) Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. 2014. Rencana pembangunan
jangka menengah nasional (RPJMN) bidang pangan dan pertanian 2015-2019.
Direktorat Pangan dan Pertanian, Bappenas. (Internet). 413 hlm; (diunduh 2016
Maret 9).
Beauchamp, C. And I. Fridovich. 1971. Superoxide Dismutase. Analytical
Biochemistry 44:276:287.
Belfield, S. C. Brown, and R. Martin. 2011. Soybean. ACIAR, Canberra.
Bosch, M. and L. Alegre. 2002. The function of tocopherols and tocotrienols in plants.
Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 21 31–57.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram
quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal
Biochem. 72: 1976.
Burry BJ, Dopler-Nelosn M, Neidllinger TR. 2003. Measurument of the
MayorIsoforms of Vitamin A and E and Carotenoids in the Blood of People
with Spinal-Cord Injures. J. Chromatogr A 987: 359-366.
28
Universitas Sumatera Utara
29
Christian, B. 2016. Seleksi Kedelai Generasi F3 di Tanah Salin dengan Metode
Pedigree. Skripsi FP USU, Medan.
Dumet D. and Benson E.E. 2000. The use of physical and biochemical studies to
elucidate and reduce cryopreservation-induced damage in hydrated/
desiccated plant germplasm. In Engelmann, F. and H. Takagi (Eds.).
Cryopreservation of Tropical Plant Germplasm: Current Research Progress
and Application. IPGRI. Rome-Italy p.43-56.
El-Hendawy, S.E. 2004. Salinity tolerance in Egyptian springwheat genotypes.
Desertasi. University Munich-Weihenstephan. Jerman. 116 p.
El-Tayeb. M. A. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity
and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regul 45:215–224.
Evelin, H., R. Kapoor and B. Giri. 2009. Arbuscular mycorrhial fungi in alleviation of
salt stress : a review. Annals of Botany 104:1263-1280.
Farouk, S. 2011. Ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol minimize salt-induced wheat leaf
senescence. J. of Stress Physiology & Biochemistry 7(3).
Gunes. A., A. Inal., M. Alpaslan., F. Eraslan., E. G. Bagci and N. Cicek. 2007.
Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic
for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition inmaize ( Zea mays L.) grown under
salinity. J. Plant Physiol 164:728–736.
Horvath. E., G. Szalai and T. Janda. 2007. Induction of abiotic stress tolerance by
salicylic acid signaling. J Plant Growth Regul 26:290–300.
Jalali-e-Emam, S.M.S., B. Alizadeh, M. Zaefizadeh, R.A. Zakarya, and M.
Khayatnezhad. 2011. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity in Nacl Stress in
Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Tolerance Genotypes of Colza (Brassica napus L.).
Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 7(1):07-11.
Jiang, M. and Zhang, J. 2002. Water stress-induced abscissic acid accumulation
triggers the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and up-regulates
the activities of antioxidant enzymes in maize-leaves. Journal of Experimental
Botany, 53 : 2401 – 2410.
Kader, DZA. 2001. Drought and Gibberellic Acid-dependent Oxidative Stress: Effect
on Antioxidant Defense System in Two Lettuce Cultivars. Pakistan Journal of
Biological Sciences 4(9):1138-1143,
Kamel, M and A. El-Tayeb. 2004. K+/Na+ soil-plant interactions during low salt
stress and their role in osmotic adjustment in faba beans. Spanish J.
Gricultural Research 2(2):257-265.
29
Universitas Sumatera Utara
30
Kao, W.Y., Tsai, T.T., Tsai, H.C. and Shih, C. N. 2006. Response of three Glycine
species
to
salt
stress.
Environmental
and
Experimental
Botany 56: 120 – 125.
Khan, A., Ahmad, M.S.A., Athar, H.U. and Ashraf, M. 2006. Interactive Effect of
foliarly applied ascorbic acid and salt stess on wheat (Triticum aestivum L) at
the seedling stage. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 38 (5) : 1407 - 1414.
Kusmiyati, F., Purbajanti, E.D. dan Kristanto, B.A. 2009. Karakter Fisiologis,
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Legum Pakan pada Kondisi Salin. Seminar
Nasional Kebangkitan Peternakan. Semarang.
Kumalaningsih S. 2006. Antioksidan Alami. Penangkal Radikal Bebas. Trubus
Agrisarana, Surabaya.
Lauchi, A. and S.R. Grattan. 2007. Plant Growth and Development under Salinity
Stress. Springer.
Munns, R. and Tester M. 2008. Mechanism of salinity tolerance. Annu Rev Plant Biol.
59: 651-681
R.A. James, A. Lauchi. 2006. Approaches to Increasing the Salt Tolerance
of Wheat and other Cereals. J. Experimental Botany, 57(5):1025-1043.
Nazar. R., N. Iqbal., S. Syeed and N.A. Khan. 2011. Salicylic acid alleviates
decreases in photosynthesis under salt stress by enhancing nitrogen and sulfur
assimilation and antioxidant metabolism differentially in two mungbean
cultivars. J. Plant Physiol 168:807–815.
Noreen, S. M. Ashraf, M. Hussain, and A. Jamil. 2009. Exogenous Application of
Salicylic Acid Enhances Antioxidative Capacity In Salt Stressed
Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Plants. Pak.J.Bot,41(1):473-479.
Orabi, S.A., B.B. Mekki, and F.A. Sharara. 2013. A lleviation of Adverse Effects of
Salt Stress on Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Plants by Exogenous Application of
Salicylic Acid. J. World Applied Sciences, 27(4):418-427
Pessarakli, M. 2011. Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress. CRC Press, New York.
Phang, T.H., G. Shao and H.M. Lam. 2008. Salt tolerance in Soybean. Journal of
Integrative Plant Biology 50 (10) : 1196-1212.
Prihatman, 2000. Kedelai (Glycine max L.). http://www.ristek.go.id.
Pritchard SG, Ju Z, Santen EV, Qiu J, Weaver DB, Prior SA, and Roger H. 2000. The
influence of elevated CO2 on the activities of antioxidative enzymes in two
soybean genotypes. Aust J Plant Physiol 27:1061-1068
30
Universitas Sumatera Utara
31
Quiambao, P.R dan N.R. Rojah. 2000. Peroksidase presentation.
Rachman,A., IGM. Subiksa, dan Wahyunto. 2007. Perluasan areal tanaman kedelai ke
lahan suboptimal. Kedelai: Teknik produksi dan pengembangan, p. 185-226.
Puslitbangtan, Bogor.
Rehman, R.U., M. Zia, B.H. Abbasi, G. Lu and M.F. Chaudhary. 2014. Ascorbic Acid
and
Salicylic
Acid
Mitigate
NaCl
Stress
in
Caralluma tuberculata Calli. Springer, New York.
Rubatzky, V. E., dan M. Yamaguchi. 1998. Sayuran Dunia, Prinsip, Produksi, dan
Gizi. Edisi Kedua. Penerjemah C. Herison. ITB Press, Bandung.
Sajid, Z.A., M. Safdar, and S. A.Khilji. 2016. Amelioration of Salinity Stress
Tolerance in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) by Exogenous Application of Salicylic
Acid. J.Biologia,62(1):69-78.
Sairam, R.K and A. Tyagi. 2004. Physiology and molecular biology of salinity stress
tolerance in plants. J. Current Sciance 8(3):410
Salama, Z.A., E.A.A.A. El-Nour, M.M. El Fouly, and A.A. Gaafar. 2014. Ascorbic
Acid Foliiar Spray Counteracting Effect of Salinity on Growth, Nutrients
Concentrations, Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Activities and Lipid Peroxidation
of Bean (Phaseulus vulgaris L.) Cultivars. American Journal of Agricultural
and Biological Sciences 9(3):384-393.
Scandalios,
J.G.
1993.
Plant Physiol 101:7-12.
Oxygen
and
Superoxide
Dismutases.
. 2005. Oxidative stress: molecular perception and transduction of
signals triggering antioxidant gene defenses. Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research 38: 995-1014.
Sgherri CLM. and Navari-Izzo F. 1995. Sunflower seedling subjected to increasing
water deficit stress. Oxidative stress and defence mechanism. Physiol. Plant.
93:25-30
Sheng, M., Tang, M., Chan, H., Yang, B., Zhang, F. and Huang, Y. 2008. Influence
of arbuscular mycorrhizae on photosynthesis and water status of maize plants
under salt stress. Mycorrhiza 18: 287–296.
Sitinjak,
E.N.
2012.
Respons
Pertumbuhan
dan
Produksi
Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) Varietas Grobogan dengan Pemberian Asam
Askorbat pada Tanah Salin. Skripsi Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara,
Medan.
31
Universitas Sumatera Utara
32
Smirnoff, N. 1993. The Role of active oxygen in the response of plants to water deficit
and dessication. New Phytol 125:27-58.
. 1996. The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants.
University Exeter, Hatherly.
(SOP) Standart Operating Procedures. 1994. Plant Peroxides Activity Determination.
SERAS.
Steenis, V.C.G.G.C. 2005. Flora. Pradnya Paramitha, Jakarta.
Steel, R.G.D dan J.H. Torrie. 1995. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistik. Gramedia Pustaka
Utama, Jakarta. 772 hal.
Sumarno dan A. G. Manshuri. 2007.Persyaratan Tumbuh dan Wilayah Produksi
Kedelai di Indonesia. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan,
Bogor.
Weisany, W., Y. Sohrabi, G. Heidari, A. Siosemardeh, K. Ghassemi-Golezani. 2011.
Physiological responses of soybean (Glycine max L.) to zinc application under
salinity stress. Australian Journal of Crop Science 5(11):1441—1447.
Wibowo, F. 2016. Keragaan Morfologi, Fisiologi, dan Biokimia Hasil Persilangan F2
Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merril) pada Cekaman Salinitas. Tesis
Pasca Sarjana Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Winarno, F.G. 1992. Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
Wintermans J.F., De Mots, A. 1965. Spectrophotometric characteristics of
chlorophylls a and b and their pheophytins in ethanol. Biochim Biophys Acta
109: 448-453
Yuwono, N.W. 2009. Membangun Kesubura Tanah Di Lahan Marginal. J. Imu Tanah
dan Lingkungan 9(2):137-141.
32
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Afzal, I., S.M.A. Basra, N. Ahmad, and M. Farooq. 2005. Optimization of hormonal
priming techniques for alleviation of salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum
L.). Cardeno de Pesquisa Sėr. Bio., Santa Cruz do sul. 17(1):95-109.
Ahmad. P., G. Nabi and M. Ashraf. 2011. Cadmium-induced oxidative damage in
mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern. &Coss.) plants can be alleviated by
salicylic acid. South Afr J Bot 77:36–44.
Andrianto, T. T., dan N. Indarto, 2004. Budidaya dan Analisis Usaha Tani Kedelai,
Kacang Hijau dan Kacang Panjang. Absolut, Yogyakarta.
Aroca R, Irigoyen JJ, Diaz MS. 2001 Photosynthetic characteristics and protective
mechanisms against oxidative stress during chilling and subsequent recovery
in two maize varieties differing in chilling sensitivity. Plant Science 161 : 719–
726.
Ashlock, L. and L. Purcell. 2010. Growth and Development Soybean. University of
Arkansas, Monticello.
Azevedo-Neto, D., Prisco, J., Eneas, J., De Abreu, C. and Gomes, E. 2006. Effect of
salt stress on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots
of salt-tolerant and saltsensitive maize varieties. Environment and
Experimental Botany, 56 : 87 - 94.
(Bappenas) Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. 2014. Rencana pembangunan
jangka menengah nasional (RPJMN) bidang pangan dan pertanian 2015-2019.
Direktorat Pangan dan Pertanian, Bappenas. (Internet). 413 hlm; (diunduh 2016
Maret 9).
Beauchamp, C. And I. Fridovich. 1971. Superoxide Dismutase. Analytical
Biochemistry 44:276:287.
Belfield, S. C. Brown, and R. Martin. 2011. Soybean. ACIAR, Canberra.
Bosch, M. and L. Alegre. 2002. The function of tocopherols and tocotrienols in plants.
Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 21 31–57.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram
quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal
Biochem. 72: 1976.
Burry BJ, Dopler-Nelosn M, Neidllinger TR. 2003. Measurument of the
MayorIsoforms of Vitamin A and E and Carotenoids in the Blood of People
with Spinal-Cord Injures. J. Chromatogr A 987: 359-366.
28
Universitas Sumatera Utara
29
Christian, B. 2016. Seleksi Kedelai Generasi F3 di Tanah Salin dengan Metode
Pedigree. Skripsi FP USU, Medan.
Dumet D. and Benson E.E. 2000. The use of physical and biochemical studies to
elucidate and reduce cryopreservation-induced damage in hydrated/
desiccated plant germplasm. In Engelmann, F. and H. Takagi (Eds.).
Cryopreservation of Tropical Plant Germplasm: Current Research Progress
and Application. IPGRI. Rome-Italy p.43-56.
El-Hendawy, S.E. 2004. Salinity tolerance in Egyptian springwheat genotypes.
Desertasi. University Munich-Weihenstephan. Jerman. 116 p.
El-Tayeb. M. A. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity
and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regul 45:215–224.
Evelin, H., R. Kapoor and B. Giri. 2009. Arbuscular mycorrhial fungi in alleviation of
salt stress : a review. Annals of Botany 104:1263-1280.
Farouk, S. 2011. Ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol minimize salt-induced wheat leaf
senescence. J. of Stress Physiology & Biochemistry 7(3).
Gunes. A., A. Inal., M. Alpaslan., F. Eraslan., E. G. Bagci and N. Cicek. 2007.
Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic
for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition inmaize ( Zea mays L.) grown under
salinity. J. Plant Physiol 164:728–736.
Horvath. E., G. Szalai and T. Janda. 2007. Induction of abiotic stress tolerance by
salicylic acid signaling. J Plant Growth Regul 26:290–300.
Jalali-e-Emam, S.M.S., B. Alizadeh, M. Zaefizadeh, R.A. Zakarya, and M.
Khayatnezhad. 2011. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity in Nacl Stress in
Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Tolerance Genotypes of Colza (Brassica napus L.).
Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 7(1):07-11.
Jiang, M. and Zhang, J. 2002. Water stress-induced abscissic acid accumulation
triggers the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and up-regulates
the activities of antioxidant enzymes in maize-leaves. Journal of Experimental
Botany, 53 : 2401 – 2410.
Kader, DZA. 2001. Drought and Gibberellic Acid-dependent Oxidative Stress: Effect
on Antioxidant Defense System in Two Lettuce Cultivars. Pakistan Journal of
Biological Sciences 4(9):1138-1143,
Kamel, M and A. El-Tayeb. 2004. K+/Na+ soil-plant interactions during low salt
stress and their role in osmotic adjustment in faba beans. Spanish J.
Gricultural Research 2(2):257-265.
29
Universitas Sumatera Utara
30
Kao, W.Y., Tsai, T.T., Tsai, H.C. and Shih, C. N. 2006. Response of three Glycine
species
to
salt
stress.
Environmental
and
Experimental
Botany 56: 120 – 125.
Khan, A., Ahmad, M.S.A., Athar, H.U. and Ashraf, M. 2006. Interactive Effect of
foliarly applied ascorbic acid and salt stess on wheat (Triticum aestivum L) at
the seedling stage. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 38 (5) : 1407 - 1414.
Kusmiyati, F., Purbajanti, E.D. dan Kristanto, B.A. 2009. Karakter Fisiologis,
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Legum Pakan pada Kondisi Salin. Seminar
Nasional Kebangkitan Peternakan. Semarang.
Kumalaningsih S. 2006. Antioksidan Alami. Penangkal Radikal Bebas. Trubus
Agrisarana, Surabaya.
Lauchi, A. and S.R. Grattan. 2007. Plant Growth and Development under Salinity
Stress. Springer.
Munns, R. and Tester M. 2008. Mechanism of salinity tolerance. Annu Rev Plant Biol.
59: 651-681
R.A. James, A. Lauchi. 2006. Approaches to Increasing the Salt Tolerance
of Wheat and other Cereals. J. Experimental Botany, 57(5):1025-1043.
Nazar. R., N. Iqbal., S. Syeed and N.A. Khan. 2011. Salicylic acid alleviates
decreases in photosynthesis under salt stress by enhancing nitrogen and sulfur
assimilation and antioxidant metabolism differentially in two mungbean
cultivars. J. Plant Physiol 168:807–815.
Noreen, S. M. Ashraf, M. Hussain, and A. Jamil. 2009. Exogenous Application of
Salicylic Acid Enhances Antioxidative Capacity In Salt Stressed
Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Plants. Pak.J.Bot,41(1):473-479.
Orabi, S.A., B.B. Mekki, and F.A. Sharara. 2013. A lleviation of Adverse Effects of
Salt Stress on Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Plants by Exogenous Application of
Salicylic Acid. J. World Applied Sciences, 27(4):418-427
Pessarakli, M. 2011. Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress. CRC Press, New York.
Phang, T.H., G. Shao and H.M. Lam. 2008. Salt tolerance in Soybean. Journal of
Integrative Plant Biology 50 (10) : 1196-1212.
Prihatman, 2000. Kedelai (Glycine max L.). http://www.ristek.go.id.
Pritchard SG, Ju Z, Santen EV, Qiu J, Weaver DB, Prior SA, and Roger H. 2000. The
influence of elevated CO2 on the activities of antioxidative enzymes in two
soybean genotypes. Aust J Plant Physiol 27:1061-1068
30
Universitas Sumatera Utara
31
Quiambao, P.R dan N.R. Rojah. 2000. Peroksidase presentation.
Rachman,A., IGM. Subiksa, dan Wahyunto. 2007. Perluasan areal tanaman kedelai ke
lahan suboptimal. Kedelai: Teknik produksi dan pengembangan, p. 185-226.
Puslitbangtan, Bogor.
Rehman, R.U., M. Zia, B.H. Abbasi, G. Lu and M.F. Chaudhary. 2014. Ascorbic Acid
and
Salicylic
Acid
Mitigate
NaCl
Stress
in
Caralluma tuberculata Calli. Springer, New York.
Rubatzky, V. E., dan M. Yamaguchi. 1998. Sayuran Dunia, Prinsip, Produksi, dan
Gizi. Edisi Kedua. Penerjemah C. Herison. ITB Press, Bandung.
Sajid, Z.A., M. Safdar, and S. A.Khilji. 2016. Amelioration of Salinity Stress
Tolerance in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) by Exogenous Application of Salicylic
Acid. J.Biologia,62(1):69-78.
Sairam, R.K and A. Tyagi. 2004. Physiology and molecular biology of salinity stress
tolerance in plants. J. Current Sciance 8(3):410
Salama, Z.A., E.A.A.A. El-Nour, M.M. El Fouly, and A.A. Gaafar. 2014. Ascorbic
Acid Foliiar Spray Counteracting Effect of Salinity on Growth, Nutrients
Concentrations, Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Activities and Lipid Peroxidation
of Bean (Phaseulus vulgaris L.) Cultivars. American Journal of Agricultural
and Biological Sciences 9(3):384-393.
Scandalios,
J.G.
1993.
Plant Physiol 101:7-12.
Oxygen
and
Superoxide
Dismutases.
. 2005. Oxidative stress: molecular perception and transduction of
signals triggering antioxidant gene defenses. Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research 38: 995-1014.
Sgherri CLM. and Navari-Izzo F. 1995. Sunflower seedling subjected to increasing
water deficit stress. Oxidative stress and defence mechanism. Physiol. Plant.
93:25-30
Sheng, M., Tang, M., Chan, H., Yang, B., Zhang, F. and Huang, Y. 2008. Influence
of arbuscular mycorrhizae on photosynthesis and water status of maize plants
under salt stress. Mycorrhiza 18: 287–296.
Sitinjak,
E.N.
2012.
Respons
Pertumbuhan
dan
Produksi
Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) Varietas Grobogan dengan Pemberian Asam
Askorbat pada Tanah Salin. Skripsi Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara,
Medan.
31
Universitas Sumatera Utara
32
Smirnoff, N. 1993. The Role of active oxygen in the response of plants to water deficit
and dessication. New Phytol 125:27-58.
. 1996. The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants.
University Exeter, Hatherly.
(SOP) Standart Operating Procedures. 1994. Plant Peroxides Activity Determination.
SERAS.
Steenis, V.C.G.G.C. 2005. Flora. Pradnya Paramitha, Jakarta.
Steel, R.G.D dan J.H. Torrie. 1995. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistik. Gramedia Pustaka
Utama, Jakarta. 772 hal.
Sumarno dan A. G. Manshuri. 2007.Persyaratan Tumbuh dan Wilayah Produksi
Kedelai di Indonesia. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan,
Bogor.
Weisany, W., Y. Sohrabi, G. Heidari, A. Siosemardeh, K. Ghassemi-Golezani. 2011.
Physiological responses of soybean (Glycine max L.) to zinc application under
salinity stress. Australian Journal of Crop Science 5(11):1441—1447.
Wibowo, F. 2016. Keragaan Morfologi, Fisiologi, dan Biokimia Hasil Persilangan F2
Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merril) pada Cekaman Salinitas. Tesis
Pasca Sarjana Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Winarno, F.G. 1992. Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
Wintermans J.F., De Mots, A. 1965. Spectrophotometric characteristics of
chlorophylls a and b and their pheophytins in ethanol. Biochim Biophys Acta
109: 448-453
Yuwono, N.W. 2009. Membangun Kesubura Tanah Di Lahan Marginal. J. Imu Tanah
dan Lingkungan 9(2):137-141.
32
Universitas Sumatera Utara