The Exploration of Genetic Characteristics of Madura Cattle - repository civitas UGM
LIST OF CONTENTS
PREFACE
REPORT FROM ORCANIZING COMMITTEE
WELCOMEADDRESS
OPENINGREMARKS
LIST OF CONTENTS,
v!
PARTI
PLENARYSESSION
L
2.
3.
4
5
6
7.
8
L
A s i a . l i v c s t o . k :O p p o r t u r r i t i ecsh. a l l e n g c s . n d
iheresponse
Vn'oj Ahuja
1
5
Cartleexteosionpk)granrsand reseafchfor ftopicalagri.ulrure
Dale R. ZoBell..
6
10
T h e r e ! o h i n g f u n d s v n e mi s u s t a i n a b l e . o m m u n idt ve l e l o p m e n l
Grant Davidsona
, nd E.R.Orskov .......
11
18
Intensificarionofssrallhold.r livesrockprcduction:k it sunairable?
Hendrik M.J. Udo and Fokje Steenstra
19 26
The deielopmenrof llanish agriculrureaud agribusinessI Lessodsto be leaioedin a
global pe.spcctive
H€uni g Otte Hansen and I\'logensLund . .....
27
35
Genome resear.h of gur ba.ter ia, ho\r' ro anaL\zeand horr to applv?
T o h r u S u z u k i ,K o u t a S a k a g u c h ia, n d K a z u m a s aY a s u i . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . .
36
l{l
A.inal prodLrctionh Thnilud: ChallcngesaDdpotentiah h global narkcr
Yanin OpatFtanakit
41
49
I m p r o l e n r e nor l f . r a g . q r a l i r vb v m e a n so l n r o l e . u l a b
. . c q l i r g i D t r o p i c a gl f a s s e s
Takahiro Gondo. Genki lshigaki, Yasuyo Himufo, Naffatul UDani and Ryo Akashi
50
50
Ad\an.c r.s.af.h ln farir(io! ard hrahhl food f'onr aninralpfodrc6 aDri|lgJrcIsivc
p e p t i d e sd . r i \ . d f f o n r e a rp r o t e i l h . - d r o l \ s a r . s
Nlichio Nlugururna, Jan rari, Yu t Erlvanto, and Saforhi Kalvahara .. ... .. ... .
57
63
SUPPORTING
PAPERS
Animal Feedand Nutrition
1
2
Erplorarion
of p.d).,geni!
andro. I'!rhog.ni.I,ungion Allalfa(,Vedt.ago
5arr(,Ll
Turrini Yudiarti.Su rar'1oo. andDidiklvisnu Widjajanto..... .. ...
64 67
Orgarric
fertilizcr
rp|li.arionon pefforman.e
andprodu.ri(nr
of kinggras5
rn acidsoil
S u l a l . s o n o , S y a i f u l A ' l r ' ! a r . D i d i k l v n r r u W n t a j a n t o , a n d S u sti ol o. .B. u
. .d. .i .y.a
l]8 7l
\tr
3
I
5.
Thc clfc.r of using earth\rofrr (lrl,lr itus tubellul nrealadditi\es as gfowth
l)ronurc.5 on prinrin digesribiLnvand lrirfonrance of intes ul villi
Hardi Julendra, Zuprizal. and Supadmo
F e f r n e n l a ( i oonf J a t r o p h ak r r n { l c r k e ( - / a to' / r 1 r.a{ r r . . ' . sl . ) u s i n g v a . i a l i e s o f f u n g i o n s
c h e n r i r acLo m p o s i r i o n s . . o n . c n r u r i oorf rp h o f b o L e s l eafr.d d j g c s t i b i l i t l
Fatnnsari. Hari Ha.tadi. and R. Djoko Soetris
, Lies Nlna Ytlriati. R{sman. and Umar Santoso
T0 8R
89
ill
r sn dt o l a lg a sp r o d u . r i o no l { ) m c r u r x ! p n n r . i { { l 1 : l p r c r c i n
FlrnJIaliur pararnetea
Lilis Hartati, Ali Agrs. Budi P.asetyoWidyobroto,Lies Nlira Yusiati
7
78
L f f e c ro l p r o t e c t e d
. r u d . l d | n o i l o t l n n r e m i f r . , b i a l a c l n i t i e sa n d m e l l u n e
Naflv C. Tile
ii.
72
95 98
Dieta.\ .n{Jg\ utilizarion of Lo.al Sheepfed,:omplci. fefd .onsisting ofaltriculru.al
and agfoindustial bv produ.ts
E. Purbowati. C.I. Sutrisoo, E. Baliarti. S.P.S.Budhi. W. Lestariana, A.
.... ......... 99
P u r n o m o a d i .a n d M . S . M u b a r o k . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
103
8.
R€ductionofph\1i. a.id ard aflatoxin.ontem ol rice bra tlrroughlennentaiion
chitnr wane addition
/ntzoprs spp Combined$ilh dcproteinaLed
A h m a d S o f y a n ,E m a D a n a l a n t i a d H a r d i J u l e n d r a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 4 1 0 8
I
Iroplenenlatio offernrerred fi.e bfan as fla\or eDhan.craddiliv{rand its effect on fccd
utilization and .altle pcrfornartce
L . I s t i q o m a h .A . F e b r i s i a n t o s aA, . S o f y a n ,a n d E . D a r n a y a n t i. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .
.109 lll
10.
The use oi ku r€ grass (so€hLrn plunrosumvar. Timorensc)bioconvcrleds,ilh whiteroi fungi (pleurorusostreatG) f€d on Local Coat in EastNusa Tenggara
S . C h u n u , T . O . D a d D a t o . N I . A . H i l a k o r e , J . J . A . R a t u w a l o e . a n d Y . L . H e n u k . . . .1. .1. 5
. 117
ll.
T h e u s eo f l o c a l f o d d e rb a s e ds u p p l e n r e n
a rn d a g . i c u l t u r abl ! - p r o d u c tI b r c a t t l e
Y.U.L. Sobang, S. Fattah. G.A.M. Xristina Dewi, J.J.A. Ratuwaloe, and Y.L.
Hen(lk
118 120
T h . u s . o f k u n r cg r a s sl s o r g h u r li l u n o s u m \ a f t i m o r c n s e Ji o s u b s t i t u tkei f l g g f a s s
(txrtrri!.rum purpurcplloidcs)le(l on Bali Carrl€in Iasl Nusa I enggara
T.O. Dami Dato, S. Ghunu, Nl.A. Hilakor€, J.J.A. Ratuwaloe, and Y.L. H€ uk ... .. .
tzi
T h c u s co l z r o l i r . i n l o s p r o r e i ldl i e t a d d € d\ r ' i t hc r i t i . a l a n r i n oa c i d st o r e d u c ep o l l u l j o n
. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
C a n d r a E l i a P u s p a s a . iW
. i h a n d o y o .a n d S u p a d ' t o
121 148
l.ff€cls of substitLrtio|of Fli]phanrgrassb\ .orn naste and coffee puLpas basaldiel oo
n u l r i e n ri n t a k ea n dd i g e s t j b i L i tr)n ! o u n g m a l e0 n g o l e . f o s s t r r . d. i r l . D i r k y
Pa rungkas, Ristianto Utomo, Nono Ngadiyono. and Nluhammad Winugroho
129 13'l
l2
13.
l1
15. Lffectof lacticacidbactefiaino.ulants appll.ationsto dn qualit\ and chctrriial
corrposirion
silage\!ast. of .arror PLa t (rdu.r/s.;1dr)
Badat luuwaklid .
16.
l7.
t23
135 r40
T h e . o n r e n to f p h v l o e n f o g e o
n n l e g u n x pi l d n t s
Balseba Ir{.W. Tiro, S rvijiyo Pramono. Hari Hartadi, Djoko Soenis o, aird
F r t d a n gB a l i a r t i
l4t
C h c n r i . a l. o r n p o l i r i o na l l d d i g e s r i b i l i l \ { hL , t / r )o f c o c o ap o d h r l s k{ l r e o b r a ) a c o c a a l )
lef nre red $ith a?eGillr.r r€e.
F . F . M u i e r . t ' 1 .H a r t a d i , a n d I . G . S .B u d i s a t r i a
116 t51
1i5
18.
l9
20.
21.
22
23.
21.
25
26
I n t a k ca n d d i g c s r i b i l i rr\ , f f e e di n l a n r bo f S u m i l e r a. o m p o s i t eb r e e d\ \ h f n t h c
c o m n n r . i a l. o n . . r r r r i : d i u L $ e r e s u b s r i t u t ebdt g l i r i c i d i ad a nr i c e b r a n
D w i Y u l i s t i a n ia n d W i s r i P u a s t u t i. .
Feoren(ati\e gas p rdLrctionof diff.r.nr fd:ds collected duri g \!€t and dl.\ seasons
{hen inrubaled qilh mmen fluid fronr RusaTxnor (CerL?s.rroretsisl
N{. S. Arifuddnr, R. Utorno, H. Hartadi. atrd Damry
155 158
1511 l{il
E { T e . to f f e d c o r r p l € r €f e e dp l u so n q u . l i r y a D dm i l k p r o d u c t i o lo l d a i r \ c o $
Ristianlo Utomo, B.P. Widyobroto, L.NL Yusiati, R.A. Rihastuli. S-P.S.Budhi,
andv.K. Dewi. .. ..
165 171)
Lfitrgaspn
u l i n r o f f e f o r e n t e d . a c af.o d ( l r . o r l , , r a . , . : r d ) a d d e d! ' i t l r
. e l l u k n l r i . i r r ) . u l u n rl i o r c a u l er u r n e f l u i d
C h u s n u l H a n n. L . N l . Y u s i a t i . a n d V . P . B u d t a s t u t i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
l7l
H i b i s c u sS . h i z o p . r a l u s! s s a p o i l r : i o u r c e .r c d u c € p r o t o z o an u m b e ' a n d i D c r e a s c
nricfubialprotein s\nthcsis on h lirro sheepnuren ternrentalion
177
Asih Kurniawati and Nafiatul Umami .
176
182
The effe.r of gL!icidLaor nrixturc of fjce bran and .opra m.al suppl. eruariol on feed
i n t a k c d i g e s r i b i l i rav n dl i \ e w e i S h tg a i ! o f € a r h w e a n e dl l a l i C a l \ e sf e d A \ f u l a t o
grass
Ma|setyo, N{uha nnad Ilyas Mumu, and Yohan Rusiyantono
183 188
A comparisonoffeeding managemeDt
practicesofbeel caitle srnallholdersin lo$'land
a n d u p l a n ds i t e si n F l a sJt a v a
Vyta W. Hairifah, A. Pdyanti. LG.A.P. Mah€nd.i, and R.A. Cramb
189 195
The effect ofkerepen8 cira leaf (.?ssra a1a.dl) as a sou..e of anrhraquinon..
m e d r a n o g € r e si insh i b i t o ra g € n r o n r u n r e o
m i c f o b i a l p r o t e isni r t h c s i sf o r b c e i c a t i l ei n
Sedlo Rukun larrrer group
Lies Mira Yusiati. Zaenal Bachmdnt. Chusnul Ha im, and Lila Iodriana . . . . ... ... .
196 200
lhe effectsoffeed |estricrions€leritl on.ompcnsator] giowLh of goat kids ln tlushehl
Mahmoud Dashtizadeh.Azizollah Kamalzadeh. N{oliamnad Hadi Sadeshi, A'ni.
ArsalanKanali. and Abdclnehdi Kabirifard
241 2A1
27
Fem. rtation qurIiIr of king grass(P.,,/s.lrl,r Parpolddproide-rJ
eosiled\1ith
'.
q
r
.
'
,
,
'
f
1
,
|
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,
r
r
n
t
,
r
r
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r
:
,
,
"t'rt
. ......... 208 2l'1
B.Sartoso
B.. l j . H a r i a d i lH
, . M a f l i ka d H . A b u b a k a r . . . . . . . . . .
28
lhe effeftof riethilrnine
prcdu.Iiorto.lirnirdleallaro)iin
Bl loxicil)
on glulalhjon
Yunianta,Ali Agus,Noryono,and Zuprizal
2t5 224
I i j . e b . . r f e n n F n l a l i . rtne c n o l o g \a n d s o \ a b . a n o i l s u p l c n r e l t a t i oonf t r a n s f € f
p r o t e . t i o nf a ( \ a c r l o r r e g a3 o f u n s a r L u a t ef ad ( I va c i d s . o n i . no f r n i l k d a i r l . o \ r
S dibya ............
22t 228
2!l
:J(l
CroNrlr ferforman.e .nd blood profile of afri.:an.at llsh ted stleel potaro lipanlaea
l]ararrr) leal nx al
...... ....... 227 232
OlaniyC
i h r i s t i a n aO
h l u d a y o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3i
Applicarioo
n i r o r n p l e r ef e e df o m r u l a t e df f o r na g r i c u l l U rbe\ . p f t r d u c Lrsi t h
und$gradfd prorein supplemenratidror b(a,l.aLlle produclivitv
Barnbang Suhartanto, B.P. Widyobroto, I.G.S. B(ldisatria, (ustantinah, and R.
Utomo.....
233 2.18
32.
33
31.
35
36
T h c f | | c . r o f B r e r t r d f { r a c i ( . e r ] e l l t i t r . r r b ) s u p p l c t r r e n r a r ioonnb l o o dp . o f i l e s
a n dl \ ) i d o x i d a t n Di n b r o i l c r si . d L i g I p u l a d i . r
I s t i A s t u t i . S u p a d m o ,S u g e n gR i y a r t o , S u t r i y a d i . . . . . . . .
....
239 ?12
s n d f u m e n. o n i e n ts i l a g e
I h e r o l e o f L , r . I i .a . i d b a c t e r i ao n s i l a g ed u . a t i o np r o c e s a
qualil!
Isnandar. R. Utomo. S. Chuza€ni. E. Sutarirnrgsih, and L.M. Yusiati
243
Replacng trrzoseIr.-.om grainsrirnpncton rrutrientsutilizarion alld $eight g:in i!
g.o\irg buffalo.al\.s
M.N-isa.M.Aasif Shahzad, a d M.Sanvar .. .. .. .
250 25t)
N u t r i { I r s u t i l i z a r i o nn. l r r o g e nd v n . , n n s ! r ( l \ 1 , i g h rg a i ni n g . ( ^ \ ' i n gb u f i r l . c . l \ e s f e d
gradedfepla.e rent of urea bl conr sl€epliquor
M . A a s i f s h a h z a d ,I U . N i s a ,a n d M . S a r w a . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .. . . . . ..
251 261
Productxn and nutriti\. value of nrulber.\ ha] as potdrtial feed suppl.m.nr for
Z.A. Jelanaod A.R. Alim
37.
249
...
The rct.ntxD of copper in shcep fed palnr k..ncl cakc supplemenledwith
m o h t d c n u m m o l y b d e n u mp l u ss u l p h u ra n dz i n .
A.R. Alimon,R.A. Al-kirshi a d Z.A. Jelan . .. .
. . . .. . . . . . . .... . .. . . . . . . . .
262 265
266 268
38.
Utilizarion olcor|plel( feed bascdoo lirme ted rice st.aN for auslralian.onnner.ial
crosssteeron ca.cassand o'€al qualirv
B a m b a o gS u w i g n y o .R i s t i a n t oU t o m o .Y u n y E r w a n t o a n d A l i A g u s . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
. 69 213
39.
The measurementofrate ofpassage sing differert pairs olalkane as nrrkc.s for shecp
fed hay or liesh grass
A . K u s t a n t i n a h ,R . W . M a y € s .a n d E . R . O r s k o v. .
. . . . . . . . . . . ...... . .. . .
10.
274 281
Aflaroxin nll excretiol in th€ nrilk of tropical dairt co$ fed contaornrared
allaioxin b1
i n t h ed i e t
A l i A g u s . L K h u l u q . L S u m a n t r i , C . t . N o v i a n d i ,a d N u r y o n o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2. .8. 2 . 2 8 5
Poultry Production
1.
T h . i n r . f a . r i . r o f d i e { a r \i ! s i e a n d t € n p e r a t u r o
e e g g l a ) i g p e r f b m r a n . co f t r . o i l c l
A b d o l a m e e rA I . S a f T a r.
2
............... 2tl6 290
Dig|stibl. rr€lhionine fequif€lrrentforp€rlor ranceard carcassl'1(td ofL,turilcrfirjshef
N.G.A.Nlulyantnri
3.
4
5
R.sour.e Lrseeffi.ienc) iI] poulrrl produ.tio in Burcti Dlstri.t Kerla
N g € n oV i r c e n r . B . K . L a g a t . M . K . K o r i r , E . K . N g e n o ,M . J K i p s a t . . .
29t 295
.. .... .. ...... 2!16 302
1, L?ro e\dhatior of phvtogcni. potcnria|of seedffom nrango (,tfa/,.qrleiutdl.r,.
mofirga (-lfDrlua o// rrril afld $\frr apple (Arroru sqoarrosa)fof poultfl
Rnsdi, Asriani tlasan(ddnr, Ros iaty Arief.. .
303
307
T h e e f f e c ro f a d d n r g\ i r r n r i n f C r r r d F I n r a t i ! e c h i c k e ns e m e ne x t e n d esr t o r a g . i a
l l
LiJrln.aturc I 'c on senrenqLralit]il d egg lertilirv
Widya Asma.awati, Is nya. and Tri Yuwanta
308
313
i)
$
I
'lhe
L
on nrteslinalnm.osa
effccrsofsinglc laclic acid bacletiap.obr)ii. supPLenlentation
prcfile and ir run. ft sp(nrsein bfoileb
B a n l b d n gA ' i \ a d i . r n d S ' i H a r i ' n u r l i
311 319
I d € n t l f i . a t i o o l s i n g h n u . l . o t i d eP o h o o ' f h i s r n o f g e n i n s u l i n el i k . g ( ) n t h l a c t d
bi ding protcin 2 o gro\\1hof nalne chi.kert
Sri Sudarl-ati, Jafe di HP Sidadolog, Wiha doyo, and Waya Tunas Artama
32t :t21
Uassavaleaf nreal in.lusm in pal t k€rrrelrn.al iiier could impmve egg -'-olk.olol
m p o s rn n ) 1 t e nd a r i r el a \ i n e h e n s
Adrizal, S. Faklni. R. Nlurni, Yat o. T. lVIa.anata, S. Asby. Yusrizal, and C. R
Angel
325 331
Egg prodLr.lrtrift sp.nsfs of Laling hpDsio lild nredicifal herlrsdller peak ot
M. Luji Jadi, E.H.A. Juuannrgsih, S.T. Temu. S.Y F G Dillak. and Y.L. He uk
.
332331
10
Slste rs of poo '\' husbandry
a dY.L.Henuk ................
, . Y . F . GD. i l l a k ,S . S e m b n n r g
C . A .B a i l e y S
335 3.11
ll
0\'ulatlon and o\iposirior pauernsin quail (aor.irtjx Cottu'ix JaPonica)
S . Y . F . G .D i l l a k . A . P i g a w a h i ,a n d Y . L . H e n u k . . . . . . . . . . . . .
312 315
12. Evaluationof rofr ivasletrealed!!ith fe nentationan{le zylne supplementatntrio
346 3111
B . s u r d u . B a h a r u d d i nr n d M . B a r r i .
1 3 . Influcncc oigrll on perlormarce of lo.al chick€nunder intdrsile nranagementsystenr
Jublin Franzina Bal€-Therik. Cytske Sabuna .. ..
1 1 . Tlre gfo$1h and ffodu.ri!1t\ ol selecledkampungchicken
Heti Retnariatiand TiLeSdrrika . .
350 35:l
351 357
1 5 . tsffectofdivergs( selectionbodt Ncighi ro egg produclirmduri g the six genetarion
t7
18
and CH gene poltnxtrphi\fi\ q\a\l (( oturnix .aLu nixjapon ica)
Ning Setiati. J.H.P. Sidadolog. T. Hartatik and T. Yuwanta ... .. ... ... ....
35U 363
Fcedirg nrdnagern€nt
€!aluarion ofduck fafmer gr{rut)i'r Brebes
Her',5a$'rgko
361 367
H e t e m s l sa n d c o r r l i i n n t ga b i L i t yf o f b o d ) \ e i g h l a n d f & ' d c o \ e r s i o n i n t o u t g . r { r i .
e r o u | so f n a r i \ . . h n : k t r
r'atrky M.s. Teh'pc'c
368 373
T h t n r ) p l e n e n l a { i o.nf f o r . i i d n r o l t i g t e . h n o l o g \ i ) I l I e . j e . t e d l a \ i n g h e n s I o r t h e p € o f l e
d i s c h r r g c cl rl o r n€ I n p h \ 1 r e n t( 3 . a s es r u d \a I l l ! $ c r V i l l a g e .K l a l e n .I n d o r r s l r l
Ali Mursyid Wahyu I'lulyono. SriHartati, AhnmsaKa di Sariri a dE gk s
AnrulYatin
t9
Grorirh ptrfonrarce of hlaleo birdi (IIr.r.r.eprrr',
r:ontrolin the capiivitv
Hal!ah, lri Yu$Jnrr. a'rdKu\lono
371 379
,rd1eo)bl l{eans of lil,dilrg
380 381
2 0 L g g p r o d u c t i o na r d q u r l i t \ o f K e d uc h i . k ( y rb a s e do n p l u m a 8 .c o l o rt h a li € a r e d
Isorcyowati.DadangNlulyadiSaleh,Rosidi
21
I : f f e . 1 o fi n d j g . n o u sL i c d . a c i d b a c r . t i ap . o b i o t i . so n b r c i l ' r p e b f m a n c e
Sri Harimurti. Nasro€dio,EndangSutriswatiRahayu,Kurniasih
385 390
391 391
22
onlatingpeffofrnance
of hfns
Effe.ls.i1rurrsupplementation
O.M.O.Idowu
395 397
23.
l f f e c r o i d i f e f e n l l e \ e l o f r i c c p o l i s h i n gt i . o m b i n a l i o n i l i t h p h ) r a s ea l d a . i d i l i e f o n
p q l b . m a n . . a n d s h e l lq u a l i t yi D l a , " { r . l r i c k e n s
Bayu Sesarahardian, Osfar Sjo!an and Eko Widodo
39U .102
PART II
LivestockProduction
1.
2
3.
!lxterjor.hara.i{'.istn:s of ,(gobdrg goals kepi bt f armr.s
I G€de Suparta Budiratria, Pado o, Ali Agus, Lies Mn a Yusiati, and Sunradi ..... ...
403
110
The elfecr of goal sbaringsvstemon dE pe orrarce offarmet gfoups taising eta$ah
cros! bfed eoats a.ase study in Sukorejo , Cnike(o Turi. Slenran
.........
..
Y u i S u r a n i n d y a hK
. u s t a n t i n a h ,a n d E . R . O r s k
1ll
111
Grotrtlr and carrassproductionofOngole grad€ caitle and SimmentalOngoi.
crossbrcd cattlegrori g in a feedlol sysicm
N { a t e u sd a C r u z d e C a r v a l h o ,N o n o N g a d i y o n o .a n d S o e p a r n o. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ ..
415 422
4.
A\ailabl€ herbagenrstainabilityunder soil and water conseNalionfor dc!elopment of
small runri ants
Sutarno,Sumarsono.WidiyatiSlamet,DidikWisnuWidjajanto......................... 123 426
a.
A s t u d t o r s o m e! s p $ : r so f e q u i n eh u s b a n d f h
y tb€Punjab-Pakislan
Arshadlqbal,AsifHarn€ed.M.Younas,BakhtB.KhanandS.A.Bhatti................... 121 132
6.
Feedingsrategi.s to nrcreasegrollIh ofearly lvcanedBali cal\'esh EastJala
Y.N. A ggraeny, D. Pamungkas, N.H. Krish a. S.P. Q igley. and D.P. Poppi . . .. . .
7
8
'133 136
R e s p o n so. l b r a h n r acnr o s s b r e cdo \ s a n d l h e i f . a h e s k e p t u n d e rs e m i i n t { J r s i vaen d
fed thernon lr.al fodd€r supplem.nr In casrSutrrbaRegency,last Nusa lenggirta
S . F a t t a h .Y . U . L . S o b a n g , S . Y . F . G . D i l l a k , J . J . A . R a t u r v a l o e . a n d Y . L . H e ' t r k . . .
137 410
l h e f e l . ( i o n l h i pb e ( n c e nh c a r i. h e s tg i h , b o d l l e n g l ha n ds h o u l d e h
t e i g h r a. n d
goars
l i r e n e i g h rn r I d o n e s i a n
Asmuddnr Natsir.I{awardi A. Asja, Nasrullah, Yusnasari. A. Nu.hayu. Peter
. . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
M u r r a y , a n d R o l N { u r r a y - P f i o r . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
1{1
44i
I
Ongole).attle in lndoDesia
ofOnsolc srade(Pefanakan
G.o\rlh perfofman.e
. .................. 4I1j 451
B ( d i H a r y a t o a d D i c k yP a n u n g k a s
l0
conqrnrrt ol diffeferrslaughter
\ieight of localram
Cror|lh of rar.ais andcarcass
A.E. Nlanu.\1.I{. Kleden.S.A.Adjaru,J.J.A.RatulvaloeandY.L.He uk ........... 1s2 ls1
ll.
gcrerarion
Pon|anurrt)ulu.li\ir)ofSnr] renlaL
0ngole.r$nal.otrsofrlrufi.sr
rompiifed ro Ongole.ross€dco\\s kcpr b) f'trnters
E.Baliarti. W.T.H.NI. Christoffor, and Soenardi
xtl
155 459
The cffecl of supplemenlalionof diffeorr l\sine sour.rs o the p(].fonnar)ceol rveared
pigs From 4 p to 10 u'eeksof age
R i i e l D i a " J H . T i L a ' l j a . . . . . . ..
.160 163
E | f e . t o f l i b e r s o u r ! eo n r h ep e r f o n n a n . eo f w . a r u l p i g sf r o m 4 u p t o 1 0 $ e € L so f a g e
Iohann Ly d'rd RhFl D.ll. L il'adja
461 467
o f c a r r l ef e e . l l o p
r i o d u . r n r rs \ ' s t r t r rt o n r c r € a ! et h eu e i t i r e
I n f l u c ! f e t l L e! r L p r ! \ e n r e r n
nl inttBralrd
o l f e e d k n l a n c r sg f t r u pi n i d o n e s i ad n o u g hr h e i n r p l . m . n r a l i o o
s u e a i n a b i l i t \f a n n i n gs \ 5 l e m
Joko Riyanto. Susi Dsi Widyawati. and Wara Pratitis
468 473
l5
Breedlng ,,)! s,,,/,r ur d ahoo ca(le ii easle r ifdonesia .arrle grxtll
Totok B. Julianto, Tanda Panjaitan, Geoffry fordy(e, and Dennis Popli ... .. .. .. ..
1i4
l6
B f e e d n r gB o s J a r a n i c u sd A l t o n c a t l l ci n f a s t c mh d o l e s i a c a t t l ec o n l m Ld, i € l s .d l a u g h l
I2
171
.178 182
I a n d a P a " j a i r d r ' .C e o l T r ]r o ' d l c e . D c n n i \ P o p t i
1 7 . B r e e d r n gA . , 5 ! r " r r . r s d A l l o n c a t t l ei n e a s l f mI l d o n € s i a t: r l o n i l o f i n g\ i l l a g e . a f t l e
183 487
D€nnis Poppi, Taoda Panjaitan, Dahlantlddin, and Geoffry Fordyce
18
A p p l i c d t i c ro l o r l i r e a r n r o d e L s i n e s t i n r a r i n g g r o w t h c u r ! e s o f L o d \ \ \ , e i g h t a n d s i z e s
of HolslenfF.iesin 1e )ale caule
Nia Kurniawan, and AnnekeAnggraeni
1!
2t)
2l
22
23
Blood lipid srarus.f
188 196
Jaira Ekor Kurus sheepsupplementedby p|otcclcd kapok sccd
Widiyaflto, M. So€jo o. Z. Ba.h.uddin. H. Hartadi, and Surahfta to
497 501
D i ! e f s i l y o n t h e e x r e f i o fp e f o r n r a n . eo f c r o s s b r e.da r t l ek e p tt r \ f a r m e r si o . e n na l j a ! a
T . S . M . W i d i , I . C . S . B u d i ' a t r i a .E . B a l i a r t i .H . M . J . U d o . . . . . . . . . . . .
502 508
Allernarnlr conrrol fd endop.rrasites
nfection in goatsby fecding frr:shnarured aod
n
i
n
a
l
i
a
l n n n a r u f el e a v e so f t €
.atappa
Mohd Azrul Lokrnar'. and Mohd Emendy Abd. Wahid ... .... .. ..
5011511
Gro{th of nire trollrh old ale buffalo cal!es as aftcctedb\ dillerenl cNde prctein and
enerS) cor.iJrLralxnrs
I'1. Sarx'ar, M. A. Shahzad. N.A.Tauqir, and NI. Nisa .. .. ... . .. ...
515 520
P e d o n n a n co
e f l a . I a t i i g h u f f a l o c sa sa f f i c l e dL \ \ a r l i n g c o r c e n t r a r i o n. fs. s s . n t i a l
N.A.Tatlqn€. Nl.A.Shahzad, M.Ni'a. NI.San'!ar, H.A. Saddiqi, NI. Fa]-r-az,and
\l.A Tipu
521 5lL
Animal Physiology,Reproduction,and Genetics
1.
3
Scasonal
in\estigati.n
of seruno r g n c s i L u nc o c € n t r a t i o i n n a t i \ . . a r r l ca ( \ \ ' . n t n r
Azerba!an
P(,rin:e.Iran
M.R. Valilou atrdA.R. Rotli .
527 a3t)
I )eteclion of lo,yrlrlrrrra gordr i bas.d on !.qudtce r 52I and sagI genc pto be
As tarani Kusrmaivali. Ha.to Widodo, Nafratilova Septiana. and Sri Hartati
5 3 1 5 3r
R e p r o d a c r i \p
e f r l o . n r d c e o l d a i r yc o i l s i n Y o g )a k a f l aP r o \n r r eb a s e do n h a l a n . e d
A l r r r m dP r a n r o r r oX
, u s t o n o .a ' r d h a r i H d l l d d i
535 510
L
5.
6
7.
8
L
10.
B f e e d i D gp n r g r a n n e d e v e l o p r e o lo f B a l i c a l d ea t P 3 B i l i
Andoyo Supriyanto o, Luqman hakirn, Suyadi, and lsmudioflo
5lI
F r i e s i ? rh o l l l e i r i m p o . r e dc o \ t s :p h ) s i o l o g i c acl h a f a c r €at n db l o o dc o D r p o s j r i obna s e d
o D a h i r u r l cd i l e r e n c e
...
..
R a t n a D e B i N { u d n r g s a r i ,A d i a o . a n d S o e n a r j oK e m a n . . . . .
517 551
U f e e d i n g\ a l u co 1F r i e s i a nH o l s t { i i nb u l l sh P I N a k s a r aK e j o r aR o r o s e n c n g
Tcrransgu g. CenrfalJava
Hasyinr Nlulladi, Indra$'ati Mei P., a d RR. N'tahardika N P.
5rl2 55'
G e n e t i L p o t e n . v o f n . a r i r g { e i g h l o f b o c r a r a F l . b a c k c n r sasnI db a . k . t o s 2s d o . s
a I b n q l i r i t . f n t r r T a | g g a m u sR { r g d r c r L a n r p u n gP r o l i n c e
s u l a s t r 'i "
550 5{io
Distribulion of populationand productio estinrareofsolne cattle bteedsdt Yog--akarta
P r o v i n c el.n d o n c s i a
...
Sumadi. Tety Hartatik. and Stlastri .
561 561
ID vitro fresh sp.rm prepafationfo. nrailrtainingspernr!iabilitv at stofagetenrp.ratL're
o f 1 1 ' c u s i n gl a n n i ns u p p l e m e n t a t i oonf l a m t o r c l e a v e s
Mirajuddin. Ktstono.Isnuya, and A. Budiyanto
565 571
PhenollTrcand phllogenetic studicsoflo.al cattle in pacitandistrict,lasi Java.
Muham lad Cahyadi. and T€ty HartatiK
tl.
12.
13.
l4
15.
10.
17.
The exploratiollof geretic characleristicsoo N{aduracattle
T. Hartatik, T. S. M. Widi, Ismaya, D.T. Widayati and E. Baliarti
. . .. .. .. . ..
Breednrg8or.F '.,l.us d Ahon c altle iD EasLerlrllrdonesia:Cattlc reproduction
r"ra" Panjaitan, Totok B. Julianto, Eliza Kuriz, alrd Denni'
C*irr],i*ay*,
i72
511
578
581
.;
'
P o p p i... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 8 55 8 9
l n p r o ! e r l r e n tq o a l l l vo f B l i 8 o n g o a ts p e f ml . o u g hs e p a r a t i obny a i b u n r c n
. ... ...
S i g i t B i n t a r a . S o c n a r j oK e ' n a , S u m d i , a i r d A l i A C u s
590 594
arrdlical Progestinsduting Lhe
Lotrelalion bchr.el plasma pfogestc.onecomcenlrations
e s t r u sc v c l eo f K . d a h K e l a n t a nc o \ \ s
N. Yincr. Y. Rosnina. H. Wahid, A. A Saharee.K C Yap, P. Ganesamurthir, Ilt
Fahmi, Nl NI Bukar
595 5s8
F ; f f . . t o f f G F 2 ( o r C I D R o n o i a t i a n t u l l i c u l a td e v e l o p m e ndLl r r u r g€ s t i o u s. v . 1 . i n
goats
Muhamnrad NIodu Bukar. Rosnina Yuson, Abd Wahid Harotr, Cur reet Kaor
Dhaliwal. Nlollarnmed ArifT Ornar Nur H(sie Yim€r, Mol'd Aza Kha'r
. . . . . . . .. . .. . .
G o r n r t a f lK h a
5gg 602
I he Lrseof frozen stJni{ of I lolsrei| I:.i.si!n b uLls\1iIfi the BB gcnotl pc of fie kappa
c a s e hg e o ei l l I n d o n e s i a
A. Anggra€ i, C. Sumantri. and E. Andreas
603
:
I
,
608
E 1 l c c r o l h a \ l a g e m a d e o f k u m e g r a s s s t a n d i n g h a \ l i ' r nt reed \ t i l h l i q u i d p i l n r s u g a r
a n d l o . a l . l i ( k c r r a n u r eo n s e n r e nq u a l i t \ a n d s c f o t u mc i r . u r f e r { J r coef m a l el o . a l
soar
L.L.Bellia d NathanG.F.Katipan.. . .... . .
Henderiana
I8
516
I h e e i | I i d . n r i f i ( a t i o ro f t r i m i n g n . i r g ( J r e ro n I n d o n e s l a lno . a l h r t l c a t t l e
A r y o g i , E n d n g B a l i a r t i . S u m a d i ,a n d K u s t o o
609 613
..
611 (j22
i
!,
l!.
Effict o f bulls o r fregoanc! tdle o f eslfous sl r. hmnized Bfargus cows
."
A. Malik. H. Wahid. Y Rosnina, A. Kasn'r, and NI. Sabri
20
in Khouresran
A r a l l s i s o f B u t \ r o p h i l i ng . n c p o l ) $ o . p h i s r ri n h u f f a l . p o p u l a t i o n
I ' r o v i n c eb r l ' C R R F L P l e . h n q u e
Beigi Nassiri. NI. T. Mozafari. K. N. T Hartatik, Farazi J. and Mi.zadeh K . . .
'
623
626
627 030
Technologrof Anilnal Products
L
2.
3.
1.
5.
6.
7
T h e d e ! e l o p r r e nol f r i p c n c dc h e e s reo n r d n r n r lga f l i . a . i d b a . t e t i a t: l x r J l i . t o n
. h e m l . a l . o n r p o s i t i r i na.. i d p f t r d u r t i o na n ds . x r o f \ \ ' a L o e
Tridjoko Wisnu N{urti
631
637
The resrru.turedoflocal beefol lo$'qLla1n)'\itlr diffetent birrders fat emulsifi'{s and
fonifi.arion sith \ita )in a in becl burger
Setiyono a d Soeparno
638
613
T h e u s i r g o l e x l r a c lf a b b i t sn o l I r a . h s i n t h c n k i o g g o a i n r i l k c h e e s et i p c n c d$ i t h
La. tobaci I hrsA( 1.loI h i Ius
Inda Dewata Sari, Nurliyani and lndratini gsih
641
618
Muhammad Tauffk, Suharjo o Triatrnojo, Yuny Erwanto, Umar Santoso ...
619
656
Qualitl changes01 burger fronr v€gelable \vheatflour. .icc flour !t'ith far emulsion
duriDgfrozen srorage
P.H.G.J. De Silva. R.A.U.J.Marapana, Thakshala Seresinhe,A Kalubotrila, N.
L a l a n t h a. . . . . . .
657 602
and thcir potencv
Polrrnerizationoi rneatand TfIIrpeh protein usirtgtfansglulantiIras€
a
g
e
|
I
a
n
d
a
n
t
i
o
x
i
d
a
n
t
a sa n a n r i h i p c r t . n . v
Yuny Erwa to, Jamhari dan Rusman
663
Thc applicatioo
n f l o . a l d a h l i at b e r ( t : r l , 1 i ap i t , r . a / ) a s p r e b i o l i . s t u r u p r o ! i ' r g
!iabilitv oi probiotics tllidobaLleritlnl bilidunt tt .\ogl\itl
Widod;, Nosa Septiana Annrdila, Enda g lvahyuni, and Indratnringsih .
671 671
Effect ofbfoiler agc ard exuaction kJnperatufeon cha.actelisticchicken feet skin
ijTu
Extension,ContmunityDevelopmet and Agribusincss
I
2
ll
E L e p h a nal- . n r l sa r d d r e i i i m p a . 6 t o c o r r m u n i r - "C: a s €s t L r di\n K e u d a h a r g . C h i a g
N I a iP r o \ i n , : e .I h a i l a n d
Weerapon Thongma and B di Guntoro
S o f t r e c h n o l o g i)n n o ! a t i o nf o f f a r m c re r p o w e l n n ] l ]t to b r i n ga b o u rp r a . I i . . . h a n g e i n
a n a g r i c u l t u . d l r & dp r o i . . r : l r s s o nl e a r n r{ r o n rL a s r e I n d o o e s i a
I',turutHitniati, Et't nan de Fliert. Nledo Kote. D€bora Kana Hatl. Toni Basuki
"
677
6112
683
690
T I c c l ' t L L so l d a n - !. : a l t l po $ n e r s h i fa n d 1 a t r n € l 5d e n t ) g . a p h fva c t o r so n t l r e
e \ a c u a l i o n m o \ i D g lnae f s b e h a \ i o r a I l l e f a f i \ o l c a n o a t . a ( a s e s l u d \ a I K a l i a d e n r
S u h V i l l a g c .\ i r g \ a k a t l a . l n d . n c s i a l
691 6! I
Siti Andarwati;nd F. Trisakti Haryadi
1.
5
6
Fa n.rs lroiiLe and exreriorchifa.rcrisli. of lemale \loa Buffaloes in \{oa ldrnrl.
N f a l u k uP n i ! i n c e
. . . . . . . .. .
J u s t h i n u sP i p i a n a ,E d a n SB a l i a r r i ,a n d I G e d €S u p a r t aB u d i s a t r i a
695 701
!.cononri. inallsis of or laon lillirg stratcgr.sto nnr{raseposl w.rnirrg live (r€ighl
gair ol Fj!li.alils
Atiel Priyanii, Snnon Quigley, Ma.setyo, Dicky Panungkas, Dahla uddin,
Esnawatr Budisantoso, and Dennis Poppi
702 70a
T h c r o l p o f l i \ e s t o . ks € r v i c ei n o r d e rr o c a d e a g ri b u s r r i s d e \ e l o p n r n r j n r . g e n . . "o f
Kupang
Maurinus WilhelmusCili Tibo .. .. .
709 716
7.
F a c t o 6 N i r h r l t r p u . . h a s eo f m e a rb v . o n r u n r € f si n N l a k a s s aS
f ularlcsi
Nasrullah, Yus,rnsari, A. Nurhayu, Asnuddin Natsir, Mawardi A. Asja. Roy
M u r r a y P r i o r ,a n d P e t € rM u r r a y . . . . . . .. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7. .1 7 7 2 1
U.
Coalsuppl!fmm [nrekang.
SouthSutasesi
to EadKalimaolan
a iongard rnrdirg
Mawardi A. Asja. Asnuddi Natsir, Roy lUurray Prior, PeterMu.ray, Nasrullah.
Yusmasari,
a d A. Nurt'ayu. .. .
.. .. .. ...... ... 725 132
9
Coatmeatconsunrptior
ir lvlakassarSulawcsi:Importantfor religiousandc itural
cefernonies
but manvconsiderit a healthrisk
Roy Nlrrray'Prior, As rddin Natsir, Mawa.di A. Asia, Nasrullah,Yusrnsari, A.
10.
Nlafketingp.actic.s ofsnrallholder beefcattle producersin easlja!a
I . G . A . P . M a h e n d d ,A . P r i y a n t iV
, . W . H a n i f a h a, n d R . A . C r a m b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74), 746
tl.
EDrpo\r'erment
ofgoat fa.rnhg: Lessonslearnt frcm the developmentof goat farning
gfoup ofleranakar EtawahCunrelaf Banlumas
Akhmad Sodiq
........ 71t' 152
12.
Performarc€of c.€dit prog.am t{r small dai.v.aitle developmert i lndoresia
Rini Widiati ..
t3
11.
15
I6
A n a l v s i so f d e n r i n d o f b r o i l e r r e a ti r r C d r t r a l J a \ a
N u r d a y a t iS, u d i N u r t i n i . l u a s y h u rai ,n d R i r t iW i d i a t i
. ....... 753 758
.............................
739 762
D e c i s i o nm a k n r gr n o d e a
l n a l ) s i so { t c c h r o l o g ta d o p r i o ne: m p i r i . a ls r d r ! ! n i l k
pasrcurizationreuiler b.traviir
i y a h l a n ia. n d A h m a d i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
J a a r T r i S u k a r n a ,S u c iP a r a r f t a s a r S
763 766
A r e d u . a r i o nn r a n i g e r r e n r o d e lb a s e do n . o g n l j v e l e a m n r gf o r ! r a l l d a i r l l a B D . . si n
,,,- ,' t-r'
Viriya Munprasert. Phahol Sakkatat. Varaporn Punyavadee.Siripon
Kiratikarnkul and Dumrong Leenanuruksa . .
767 77a
i
P a n i c i t ) a i i ooDf \ 1 o m e nf a m r e r so l r b e e fc x t l h t u m i n g m a n a g € l n e ni nt P a n d . r N I u h o
Croup l3anrLrlYogvaka*a
Ida lvufandad, Budi Grntoro. and EndangSulasfri
l7
i
I
Thcsoufces
ofdairr coirsandconcenrrate
feedanronB
rh. da1.\f.frnersjn Slernan
Regen.\Yoevakana
EndangSulastriand Budi Guntoro
t'71 1t'1
i
!
778 780
18. Iifornutiona.tlrsslnxnrgchicken
andcatilefa nersin cunungKidulYogJ"kama d
Ngadatasr Nus! T.ngga.a
B u d i G u n t o r o . F a t h u l W a h i d , A l i A g u s , a n d S t e i n K r i s t i a n s e.n. ................. . . . . 7 8 1 7 8 1
Reviews
I
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INSTRUCTIONS
TO AUTHORS
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
The exploration of genetic characteristics of Madura cattle1
T. Hartatik*2, T. S. M. Widi3, Ismaya4, D.T. Widayati4 and E. Baliarti3
2
Laboratory of Animal Breeding, 3Laboratory of Meat, Draught, and Companion Animals,
4
Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal
Science, Gadjah Mada University, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
*Contact author: T. Hartatik, tety@ugm.ac.id
ABSTRACT
The research was conducted to observe the exterior characteristics and performance of
Madura cattle based on qualitative and quantitative traits. This research was conducted in
Pamekasan, Sumenep, and Sapudi Island, Madura, East Java province. Two groups of Sonok calf
and Sonok cow in total number of sample 157 cattle were used for observation of exterior
characteristics. The body measurements and performance data were obtained from 203 Madura
cattle. The result showed that Sonok calf and Sonok cow have different exterior characteristics. The
Sonok cow showed several changes on exterior characteristics compared to Sonok calf, such as
appearing of the chest fat and back line, size of hump, the lappet size, and the colors surrounding
eyes, nose and mouth. The body measurements of 2-3 years old of Sonok cattle were higher than
that of Madura cattle in Sumenep and in Sapudi Island. In example, girths of chest of those cattle
are 163.19 ± 9.87 cm, 138.44 ± 18.36 cm and 148.88 ± 10.18 cm, respectively. More interestingly,
the Sonok cattle in the same area showed the improvement of body measurements compare with
the pervious results in 1992 (girth of chest 158.19±10.88 cm). Performance of Madura cattle such
as weaning age, first age of mating, first age of calving were 5.75 ± 0.78 month, 19.571 ± 0.53
month, and 30.00 ± 0.00 month, respectively. The estimation of body weight in those phase were
151.58 ± 36.98 kg, 240.00 ± 45.96 kg, and 251.08 ± 68.33 kg, respectively. Based on this research,
Sonok calf and Sonok cow had spesific characteristics. Generaly body measurements and
performance of Sonok cattle was better than Madura cattle in general. Therefore, we suggest that
the population of Sonok cattle could be improved in order to get high quality local cattle in Madura
island.
Key words: Exterior characteristics, Body measurements, Sonok calf, Sonok cow, Madura cattle
Introduction
Madura cattle is one of the local breed cattle in Indonesia which spread over in Madura
island. The shape was uniform. It was probably the hybrid offspring of a crossed between Banteng
and Zebu cattle, which most likely as Sinhala cattle brought by traders in the past (Hardjosubroto,
1994). Population of Madura cattle was estimated 900.000 heads and spread in almost parts of
Indonesia such as Madura, East Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB)
and Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) (Livestock Official of East Java, 2006). From the official data on
the 2008, population of Madura cattle in Madura ranch known as much as 601.795 spread over four
district : Bangkalan (142.567 heads), Sampang (123.438 heads), Pamekasan (97.899 heads), and
Sumenep (237.891 heads) (Communication and Information Official of East Java, 2009).
Madura cattle has a unique physical characteristic. The color of their body were dominant
in red, brick-red, and brown. White color on the belly and inner thighs with unclear white pattern
on the back-bottom. Madura cattle has black fur in its tail and has no dewlap. Madura cattle back
______________________________
1Thanks
to the faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University which has Provided research funds
through WCRU program
2
Corresponding author : tety@ugm.ac.id
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
on the straight and have a hump on the bull while the cows did not seem the hump, dorsal line of
brownish-colored blackness found in that cattle, whereas in the eye and ears were circle black line.
Both sex have the same color from birth to mature. The horn of the cattle was small and short with
a curved semi-circular direction with the tip pointed straight ahead and the horn in females is almost
invisible.
Madura cattle is gracefull animal, it can be used as working cattle, beef cattle, karapan (bull
racing), and sonok contest (dancing cattle). In Madura island, the cattle generally work in pairs to
cultivate the land, such as plowing, harrowing, and clearing the weeds (Gunawan, 1993). Beside as
a beef cattle, Madura cattle was potential because it has high resistance against environmental stress
and disease, high fertility rates, high adaptability to the low feed, and feed consumption was fewer
than the hybrid or imported beef (East Java Communication and Information Official, 2009).
Madura cattle particularly males (bull), have a great ability in running differently compared to other
types of cattle. The cattle run along 130-meter and the distance can be taken for 90-10 seconds,
therefore Madura cattle used for „karapan sapi‟ . The bull was race in pairs and traditionally held
since long time ago. One more thing that drives the successful of Madura cattle is that there were
traditional cattle contest named „Sonok Contest‟ or „Kontes sapi Sonok‟ which took since a long
time ago.
The Sonok contest usually held before bull racing “karapan”. In the sonok contest, cow
were assessed and judged in overall shape, the beauty between pairing of cows, beautiful dress,
beautiful hair and skin color, beauty, agility cows walked that accompanied by traditional music
“gamelan” and the skill of cows were being able to stop with front foot stepping on the finish line
in a few minutes after they reach the gate which equipped with a mirror. The success of ornamental
cow / sonok cows be a winner regardless of the election contest is not like the color of the body,
hump, back line, color around the eyes and mouth, ass and other colors. Such criteria are also
important for the selection of sonok cows competed in the contest which will be due to one sonok
cow assessment criteria in the competition is overall body shape. The existence of that standard
criteria for both exterior and body size sonok cow for small and big sonok selection is crucial for
the implementation of cows selection in beauty and quality. Therefore the aims of this research are
to identify constraints and criteria for small and big sonok cattle. Hopefully the result of this research
will form an exterior characteristic standard for both small and big sonok cattle.
An exterior characteristic like quantitative traits such as body size is closely related to growth
factors, cattle which well in growth can be ascertained that its body size as well too. In this study,
in addition to exterior characteristic were also observed in Sumenep and Sapudi island grouping by
age. The observations obtained by the standard body size during the growth phase (2-3 years) for
Madura cows and Sonok cows.
Material and Method
This study used case study approach conducted in some district of Madura Island such as :
Pamekasan, Sumenep, and Sapudi. The parameters were observed in this study are the exterior
characteristics and comparison of body size and performance in Madura beef cattle and Madura
Sonok cattle at the age around 2-3 years.
Exterior characteristics. The data of exterior characteristics were obtained from 157
sonok cattle (small and big) which joined the sonok contest, held at 15 and 16 August 2009 in Waru
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
sub-district, Pamekasan District, Madura. The data were taken by direct observation and the result
was shown in Table 1.
Table 1. qualitative traits on Sonok calf and Sonok cow
Variable
Color of body
Chest fat
Dewlap
Backline
Hump
Color arround eye,
mouth, hoof and leg
0
None
None
None
None
-
1
Dark red
Available
Small
Available
Small
The same as
color of body
score
2
Red
3
Yellow
Medium
Big
Medium
creamy
Big
White
4
Gray
Body size. Body size obtained from 203 female Madura cows as sample. The cattle body
size was measured using a tape FH brand with 1 cm precision figures and the measuring ruler FHK
brand with 0.2 cm accuracy. Cattle body size data including: girth of chest, height of withers, length
of the body, height at hip, length of head, width of head, and head index. Length of the body
(absolute) is the straight distance that measured between Tuberculum lateralis to Tuberculum
ischiadicum. Girth of chest is the length of the circular (the circumference) as measured on chest
that right in the back of withers (on the rib (costae) 3-4. Height of withers is straight distance from
the plane to the highest point in withers. Height at hip was obtained by measuring the distance from
the plane until the highest point of the hip. Head index is the ratio between length of head and width
of head. Width of head was measured from the widest part of the head. Length of head was measured
from tip of snout to mid-point of the antlers. Data of body measurement was taken with
parallelogram position of the livestock. Body weight estimation of Sonok cattle was calculated
using body weight estimation scale on the measuring tape brand of FHK. Age estimation was done
with direct interview or direct showed of the tooth growth.
Vital Data Comparison of Sonok cattle and Madura cattle. Vital data observed in
Madura cattle and Sonok cattle were girth of chest, height of withers, length of the body, height at
hip, length of head, width of head, head index, body weight estimation at the age around 2-3 years.
Performance of female sonok cattle. Performances observed such as weaning age, first
age of mating, first age of calving were based on result of the Mahardika‟ s research (2009).
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Data analysis. Analysis of the data used for exterior data in analysis by calculating the
percentages, while quantitative data (body measurement and performance of cow) were analyzed
descriptively by calculating the means and standard of error.
Result and Discussion
Madura cattle population growth data in the Pamekasan Distric, noted by the Pamekasan Animal
Husbandry Departement from 2004 to 2008 was presented in Graph 1 below.
98
97.9
97.8
97.7
97.6
97.5
97.4
97.3
97.2
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Year
Graph 1. Madura cattle population in Pamekasan
(Source: Animal Husbandry Office of Pamekasan District, 2009)
Madura cattle population in Pamekasan District from 2004 until 2008 has increased. In 2004, the
population of Madura cattle reached 97,482 cattle and in 2008, the population reached 97,889 cattle.
Madura cattle population increase year by year. It has a positive value for the development of
Madura cattle. The increase of Madura cattle population is expected to increase the number of
population that have a good exterior characteristic (qualitative and quantitative).
Exterior Characteristic of Madura Cattle
Exterior characteristic should be known for the introduction of cattle breed were body‟ s color,
tail‟ s hair, shape of horns, hump, dewlap, specific colors on the body, characteristic of the head,
ears and neck (Supiyono, 1998). Percentage of the dominant exterior characteristic of Sonok calves
and cow based on result of the observation in cattle contest (Sonok Calf) on August 15 th 2009 and
Sonok cow contest on August 16th 2009 can be seen on Table 2, while the exterior characteristic
can be seen on Table 3.
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Table 2. Percentage of dominant characteristic in Sonok calves and cows
Sonok calf (n = 72)
Kriteria
0
Sonok cow (n = 85)
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
56.944%
25%
18.056%
-
67.059%
22.353%
10.588%
43.056%
90.278%
48.611%
98.6111%
48.6111%
1.389%
51.389%
-
17.647%
1.176%
58.824 %
1.176%
-
82.353%
45.882%
41.476%
29.412%
57.647%
52.941%
48.837%
42.353%
20.00%
Color arround mouth -
41.667%
52.78%
5.556%
-
57.647 %
42.353 %
Color of Tracak and
foot
19.444%
75
5.556%
-
44.706 %
47.059%
Color of body
Chest fat
dewlap
Back line
Hump
Color arround eye
56.944%
8.333%
51.389%
1.389%
-
-
8.235%
Table 3. Exterior characteristic of Sonok Calf (n=72) and Sonok Cow (n=85)
Age (month)
Kind
Min
Sonok
Calf
Sonok Cow
Ma x
Exterior characteristic
Aver Color of
Chest fat
body
age
5
24
11.7
12
96
34.9
Dark red
Dark
Red
None
Color
aroun d
mouth
Dewlap
Hump
Back line
Color
aroun d
eye
small
Small
None
Creamy
Creamy
Dark Red
Dark Red
Medium
Available
Availa ble Medium
Color of
racak and foot
Creamy
Creamy
The exterior characteristic of Madura cattle (Sonok calf) with a range of ages approximately 5 to
24 months based on Table 2 were a dark red of body colors, haven‟ t chest fat, small dewlap,
haven‟ t back lines, small hump, have a beige color on the around of eyes and mouth also hoof and
legs. While Sonok cows with aged range of 12 to 48 months had different exterior characteristic
compared to with Sonok calves (Table 2). Sonok cow had chest fat, size of dewlap increased
become medium size, looking the back line, size of hump become medium size, and the ground
colors of the eyes and mouths change become dark red (same with body color).
Madura cattle was suspected as a result of crossbred between Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) and zebu
cattle (Bos indicus) (Gunawan, 1993; Nijman et al., 2003; Hartatik et al., 2009), therefore the
exterior characteristic of Madura cattle between Bali cattle and Zebu cattle. In addition, Pritchard
et al., 2000 in Kusdiantoro et al. (2009) Madura cattle based on mt DNA has Zebu and Banteng
blood, and based on Y-chromosom analysis, Madura cattle contain Zebu cattle blood and taurine
(from Taurus blood). While based on the microsatellite analysis, the blood of Madura cattle contains
Zebu cattle and Banteng. Added by Cahyadi et al. (2009) Madura cattle has haplotype A, which
Madura cattle shows a relationship with Banteng (Bos javanicus).
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
From this research, Sonok calves and Cow had dark red of body color and black color of back lines.
It were characteristics of Bali cattle (Hardjosubroto, 1994) and Java cattle (Susilawati et al., 2002
in Cahyadi, 2009). Horn shapes of Madura cattle were similar to those of Bali cattle, up circle
(Williamson and Payne, 1993). Hump and dewlap in Sonok cattle was feature from Zebu cattle.
According to Pukite (1993) in Abdurahman (2006), Bos indicus cattle have a broad hump above the
shoulders and neck also width of dewlap.
The hump and dewlap of Sonok cattle was developed well. It can be seen from the development of
hump‟ s size and dewlap‟ s size from Sonok Calf and Sonok Cow. Size development is caused by
growth period of cattle. When the growth of cattle has passed the growth of meat and muscle, so fat
will develop in growth. The fat will form part of hump and dewlap and also fat chest in Madura
cattle. According to Hammond (1933) in Soeparno (2009), body tissue reached maximum growth,
started from neuro tissue, bone, muscle and fat. Carcass component growth pattern begin with rapid
bone growth, then. After reaching puberty, the growth of muscle will decrease and fat depotition
will increase (Soeparno, 2009).
Measurement exterior characteristic of Sonok cattle and Madura cattle Vital data
of Madura cattle in Sumenep district, including Sapudi Island, and also Sonok cattle, can be seen in
Table 4.
Table 4. Vital data of Sonok cattle and Madura cattle with aged 2-3 years.
Madura Cattle
Data vital
Sumenep (n = 18)
Sapudi Island (n =17)
Age (month)
31.33 ± 2.57
30.85 ± 3.197
Girth of chest (cm)
138.44 ± 18.36a
148.88 ± 10.18b
a
Height of the withers (cm)
116.56 ± 7.52
114.12 ± 4.84a
a
Length of body (cm)
114.17 ± 9.24
113.94 ± 4.51b
Height of hip (cm)
115.78 ± 8.00 a
113.24 ± 3.401a
Length of head (cm)
41.78 ± 3.90
43.06 ±
PREFACE
REPORT FROM ORCANIZING COMMITTEE
WELCOMEADDRESS
OPENINGREMARKS
LIST OF CONTENTS,
v!
PARTI
PLENARYSESSION
L
2.
3.
4
5
6
7.
8
L
A s i a . l i v c s t o . k :O p p o r t u r r i t i ecsh. a l l e n g c s . n d
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Vn'oj Ahuja
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Dale R. ZoBell..
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T h e r e ! o h i n g f u n d s v n e mi s u s t a i n a b l e . o m m u n idt ve l e l o p m e n l
Grant Davidsona
, nd E.R.Orskov .......
11
18
Intensificarionofssrallhold.r livesrockprcduction:k it sunairable?
Hendrik M.J. Udo and Fokje Steenstra
19 26
The deielopmenrof llanish agriculrureaud agribusinessI Lessodsto be leaioedin a
global pe.spcctive
H€uni g Otte Hansen and I\'logensLund . .....
27
35
Genome resear.h of gur ba.ter ia, ho\r' ro anaL\zeand horr to applv?
T o h r u S u z u k i ,K o u t a S a k a g u c h ia, n d K a z u m a s aY a s u i . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . .
36
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A.inal prodLrctionh Thnilud: ChallcngesaDdpotentiah h global narkcr
Yanin OpatFtanakit
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57
63
SUPPORTING
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Animal Feedand Nutrition
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C h c n r i . a l. o r n p o l i r i o na l l d d i g e s r i b i l i l \ { hL , t / r )o f c o c o ap o d h r l s k{ l r e o b r a ) a c o c a a l )
lef nre red $ith a?eGillr.r r€e.
F . F . M u i e r . t ' 1 .H a r t a d i , a n d I . G . S .B u d i s a t r i a
116 t51
1i5
18.
l9
20.
21.
22
23.
21.
25
26
I n t a k ca n d d i g c s r i b i l i rr\ , f f e e di n l a n r bo f S u m i l e r a. o m p o s i t eb r e e d\ \ h f n t h c
c o m n n r . i a l. o n . . r r r r i : d i u L $ e r e s u b s r i t u t ebdt g l i r i c i d i ad a nr i c e b r a n
D w i Y u l i s t i a n ia n d W i s r i P u a s t u t i. .
Feoren(ati\e gas p rdLrctionof diff.r.nr fd:ds collected duri g \!€t and dl.\ seasons
{hen inrubaled qilh mmen fluid fronr RusaTxnor (CerL?s.rroretsisl
N{. S. Arifuddnr, R. Utorno, H. Hartadi. atrd Damry
155 158
1511 l{il
E { T e . to f f e d c o r r p l € r €f e e dp l u so n q u . l i r y a D dm i l k p r o d u c t i o lo l d a i r \ c o $
Ristianlo Utomo, B.P. Widyobroto, L.NL Yusiati, R.A. Rihastuli. S-P.S.Budhi,
andv.K. Dewi. .. ..
165 171)
Lfitrgaspn
u l i n r o f f e f o r e n t e d . a c af.o d ( l r . o r l , , r a . , . : r d ) a d d e d! ' i t l r
. e l l u k n l r i . i r r ) . u l u n rl i o r c a u l er u r n e f l u i d
C h u s n u l H a n n. L . N l . Y u s i a t i . a n d V . P . B u d t a s t u t i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
l7l
H i b i s c u sS . h i z o p . r a l u s! s s a p o i l r : i o u r c e .r c d u c € p r o t o z o an u m b e ' a n d i D c r e a s c
nricfubialprotein s\nthcsis on h lirro sheepnuren ternrentalion
177
Asih Kurniawati and Nafiatul Umami .
176
182
The effe.r of gL!icidLaor nrixturc of fjce bran and .opra m.al suppl. eruariol on feed
i n t a k c d i g e s r i b i l i rav n dl i \ e w e i S h tg a i ! o f € a r h w e a n e dl l a l i C a l \ e sf e d A \ f u l a t o
grass
Ma|setyo, N{uha nnad Ilyas Mumu, and Yohan Rusiyantono
183 188
A comparisonoffeeding managemeDt
practicesofbeel caitle srnallholdersin lo$'land
a n d u p l a n ds i t e si n F l a sJt a v a
Vyta W. Hairifah, A. Pdyanti. LG.A.P. Mah€nd.i, and R.A. Cramb
189 195
The effect ofkerepen8 cira leaf (.?ssra a1a.dl) as a sou..e of anrhraquinon..
m e d r a n o g € r e si insh i b i t o ra g € n r o n r u n r e o
m i c f o b i a l p r o t e isni r t h c s i sf o r b c e i c a t i l ei n
Sedlo Rukun larrrer group
Lies Mira Yusiati. Zaenal Bachmdnt. Chusnul Ha im, and Lila Iodriana . . . . ... ... .
196 200
lhe effectsoffeed |estricrions€leritl on.ompcnsator] giowLh of goat kids ln tlushehl
Mahmoud Dashtizadeh.Azizollah Kamalzadeh. N{oliamnad Hadi Sadeshi, A'ni.
ArsalanKanali. and Abdclnehdi Kabirifard
241 2A1
27
Fem. rtation qurIiIr of king grass(P.,,/s.lrl,r Parpolddproide-rJ
eosiled\1ith
'.
q
r
.
'
,
,
'
f
1
,
|
|
'
,
r
r
n
t
,
r
r
'
r
:
,
,
"t'rt
. ......... 208 2l'1
B.Sartoso
B.. l j . H a r i a d i lH
, . M a f l i ka d H . A b u b a k a r . . . . . . . . . .
28
lhe effeftof riethilrnine
prcdu.Iiorto.lirnirdleallaro)iin
Bl loxicil)
on glulalhjon
Yunianta,Ali Agus,Noryono,and Zuprizal
2t5 224
I i j . e b . . r f e n n F n l a l i . rtne c n o l o g \a n d s o \ a b . a n o i l s u p l c n r e l t a t i oonf t r a n s f € f
p r o t e . t i o nf a ( \ a c r l o r r e g a3 o f u n s a r L u a t ef ad ( I va c i d s . o n i . no f r n i l k d a i r l . o \ r
S dibya ............
22t 228
2!l
:J(l
CroNrlr ferforman.e .nd blood profile of afri.:an.at llsh ted stleel potaro lipanlaea
l]ararrr) leal nx al
...... ....... 227 232
OlaniyC
i h r i s t i a n aO
h l u d a y o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3i
Applicarioo
n i r o r n p l e r ef e e df o m r u l a t e df f o r na g r i c u l l U rbe\ . p f t r d u c Lrsi t h
und$gradfd prorein supplemenratidror b(a,l.aLlle produclivitv
Barnbang Suhartanto, B.P. Widyobroto, I.G.S. B(ldisatria, (ustantinah, and R.
Utomo.....
233 2.18
32.
33
31.
35
36
T h c f | | c . r o f B r e r t r d f { r a c i ( . e r ] e l l t i t r . r r b ) s u p p l c t r r e n r a r ioonnb l o o dp . o f i l e s
a n dl \ ) i d o x i d a t n Di n b r o i l c r si . d L i g I p u l a d i . r
I s t i A s t u t i . S u p a d m o ,S u g e n gR i y a r t o , S u t r i y a d i . . . . . . . .
....
239 ?12
s n d f u m e n. o n i e n ts i l a g e
I h e r o l e o f L , r . I i .a . i d b a c t e r i ao n s i l a g ed u . a t i o np r o c e s a
qualil!
Isnandar. R. Utomo. S. Chuza€ni. E. Sutarirnrgsih, and L.M. Yusiati
243
Replacng trrzoseIr.-.om grainsrirnpncton rrutrientsutilizarion alld $eight g:in i!
g.o\irg buffalo.al\.s
M.N-isa.M.Aasif Shahzad, a d M.Sanvar .. .. .. .
250 25t)
N u t r i { I r s u t i l i z a r i o nn. l r r o g e nd v n . , n n s ! r ( l \ 1 , i g h rg a i ni n g . ( ^ \ ' i n gb u f i r l . c . l \ e s f e d
gradedfepla.e rent of urea bl conr sl€epliquor
M . A a s i f s h a h z a d ,I U . N i s a ,a n d M . S a r w a . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .. . . . . ..
251 261
Productxn and nutriti\. value of nrulber.\ ha] as potdrtial feed suppl.m.nr for
Z.A. Jelanaod A.R. Alim
37.
249
...
The rct.ntxD of copper in shcep fed palnr k..ncl cakc supplemenledwith
m o h t d c n u m m o l y b d e n u mp l u ss u l p h u ra n dz i n .
A.R. Alimon,R.A. Al-kirshi a d Z.A. Jelan . .. .
. . . .. . . . . . . .... . .. . . . . . . . .
262 265
266 268
38.
Utilizarion olcor|plel( feed bascdoo lirme ted rice st.aN for auslralian.onnner.ial
crosssteeron ca.cassand o'€al qualirv
B a m b a o gS u w i g n y o .R i s t i a n t oU t o m o .Y u n y E r w a n t o a n d A l i A g u s . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
. 69 213
39.
The measurementofrate ofpassage sing differert pairs olalkane as nrrkc.s for shecp
fed hay or liesh grass
A . K u s t a n t i n a h ,R . W . M a y € s .a n d E . R . O r s k o v. .
. . . . . . . . . . . ...... . .. . .
10.
274 281
Aflaroxin nll excretiol in th€ nrilk of tropical dairt co$ fed contaornrared
allaioxin b1
i n t h ed i e t
A l i A g u s . L K h u l u q . L S u m a n t r i , C . t . N o v i a n d i ,a d N u r y o n o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2. .8. 2 . 2 8 5
Poultry Production
1.
T h . i n r . f a . r i . r o f d i e { a r \i ! s i e a n d t € n p e r a t u r o
e e g g l a ) i g p e r f b m r a n . co f t r . o i l c l
A b d o l a m e e rA I . S a f T a r.
2
............... 2tl6 290
Dig|stibl. rr€lhionine fequif€lrrentforp€rlor ranceard carcassl'1(td ofL,turilcrfirjshef
N.G.A.Nlulyantnri
3.
4
5
R.sour.e Lrseeffi.ienc) iI] poulrrl produ.tio in Burcti Dlstri.t Kerla
N g € n oV i r c e n r . B . K . L a g a t . M . K . K o r i r , E . K . N g e n o ,M . J K i p s a t . . .
29t 295
.. .... .. ...... 2!16 302
1, L?ro e\dhatior of phvtogcni. potcnria|of seedffom nrango (,tfa/,.qrleiutdl.r,.
mofirga (-lfDrlua o// rrril afld $\frr apple (Arroru sqoarrosa)fof poultfl
Rnsdi, Asriani tlasan(ddnr, Ros iaty Arief.. .
303
307
T h e e f f e c ro f a d d n r g\ i r r n r i n f C r r r d F I n r a t i ! e c h i c k e ns e m e ne x t e n d esr t o r a g . i a
l l
LiJrln.aturc I 'c on senrenqLralit]il d egg lertilirv
Widya Asma.awati, Is nya. and Tri Yuwanta
308
313
i)
$
I
'lhe
L
on nrteslinalnm.osa
effccrsofsinglc laclic acid bacletiap.obr)ii. supPLenlentation
prcfile and ir run. ft sp(nrsein bfoileb
B a n l b d n gA ' i \ a d i . r n d S ' i H a r i ' n u r l i
311 319
I d € n t l f i . a t i o o l s i n g h n u . l . o t i d eP o h o o ' f h i s r n o f g e n i n s u l i n el i k . g ( ) n t h l a c t d
bi ding protcin 2 o gro\\1hof nalne chi.kert
Sri Sudarl-ati, Jafe di HP Sidadolog, Wiha doyo, and Waya Tunas Artama
32t :t21
Uassavaleaf nreal in.lusm in pal t k€rrrelrn.al iiier could impmve egg -'-olk.olol
m p o s rn n ) 1 t e nd a r i r el a \ i n e h e n s
Adrizal, S. Faklni. R. Nlurni, Yat o. T. lVIa.anata, S. Asby. Yusrizal, and C. R
Angel
325 331
Egg prodLr.lrtrift sp.nsfs of Laling hpDsio lild nredicifal herlrsdller peak ot
M. Luji Jadi, E.H.A. Juuannrgsih, S.T. Temu. S.Y F G Dillak. and Y.L. He uk
.
332331
10
Slste rs of poo '\' husbandry
a dY.L.Henuk ................
, . Y . F . GD. i l l a k ,S . S e m b n n r g
C . A .B a i l e y S
335 3.11
ll
0\'ulatlon and o\iposirior pauernsin quail (aor.irtjx Cottu'ix JaPonica)
S . Y . F . G .D i l l a k . A . P i g a w a h i ,a n d Y . L . H e n u k . . . . . . . . . . . . .
312 315
12. Evaluationof rofr ivasletrealed!!ith fe nentationan{le zylne supplementatntrio
346 3111
B . s u r d u . B a h a r u d d i nr n d M . B a r r i .
1 3 . Influcncc oigrll on perlormarce of lo.al chick€nunder intdrsile nranagementsystenr
Jublin Franzina Bal€-Therik. Cytske Sabuna .. ..
1 1 . Tlre gfo$1h and ffodu.ri!1t\ ol selecledkampungchicken
Heti Retnariatiand TiLeSdrrika . .
350 35:l
351 357
1 5 . tsffectofdivergs( selectionbodt Ncighi ro egg produclirmduri g the six genetarion
t7
18
and CH gene poltnxtrphi\fi\ q\a\l (( oturnix .aLu nixjapon ica)
Ning Setiati. J.H.P. Sidadolog. T. Hartatik and T. Yuwanta ... .. ... ... ....
35U 363
Fcedirg nrdnagern€nt
€!aluarion ofduck fafmer gr{rut)i'r Brebes
Her',5a$'rgko
361 367
H e t e m s l sa n d c o r r l i i n n t ga b i L i t yf o f b o d ) \ e i g h l a n d f & ' d c o \ e r s i o n i n t o u t g . r { r i .
e r o u | so f n a r i \ . . h n : k t r
r'atrky M.s. Teh'pc'c
368 373
T h t n r ) p l e n e n l a { i o.nf f o r . i i d n r o l t i g t e . h n o l o g \ i ) I l I e . j e . t e d l a \ i n g h e n s I o r t h e p € o f l e
d i s c h r r g c cl rl o r n€ I n p h \ 1 r e n t( 3 . a s es r u d \a I l l ! $ c r V i l l a g e .K l a l e n .I n d o r r s l r l
Ali Mursyid Wahyu I'lulyono. SriHartati, AhnmsaKa di Sariri a dE gk s
AnrulYatin
t9
Grorirh ptrfonrarce of hlaleo birdi (IIr.r.r.eprrr',
r:ontrolin the capiivitv
Hal!ah, lri Yu$Jnrr. a'rdKu\lono
371 379
,rd1eo)bl l{eans of lil,dilrg
380 381
2 0 L g g p r o d u c t i o na r d q u r l i t \ o f K e d uc h i . k ( y rb a s e do n p l u m a 8 .c o l o rt h a li € a r e d
Isorcyowati.DadangNlulyadiSaleh,Rosidi
21
I : f f e . 1 o fi n d j g . n o u sL i c d . a c i d b a c r . t i ap . o b i o t i . so n b r c i l ' r p e b f m a n c e
Sri Harimurti. Nasro€dio,EndangSutriswatiRahayu,Kurniasih
385 390
391 391
22
onlatingpeffofrnance
of hfns
Effe.ls.i1rurrsupplementation
O.M.O.Idowu
395 397
23.
l f f e c r o i d i f e f e n l l e \ e l o f r i c c p o l i s h i n gt i . o m b i n a l i o n i l i t h p h ) r a s ea l d a . i d i l i e f o n
p q l b . m a n . . a n d s h e l lq u a l i t yi D l a , " { r . l r i c k e n s
Bayu Sesarahardian, Osfar Sjo!an and Eko Widodo
39U .102
PART II
LivestockProduction
1.
2
3.
!lxterjor.hara.i{'.istn:s of ,(gobdrg goals kepi bt f armr.s
I G€de Suparta Budiratria, Pado o, Ali Agus, Lies Mn a Yusiati, and Sunradi ..... ...
403
110
The elfecr of goal sbaringsvstemon dE pe orrarce offarmet gfoups taising eta$ah
cros! bfed eoats a.ase study in Sukorejo , Cnike(o Turi. Slenran
.........
..
Y u i S u r a n i n d y a hK
. u s t a n t i n a h ,a n d E . R . O r s k
1ll
111
Grotrtlr and carrassproductionofOngole grad€ caitle and SimmentalOngoi.
crossbrcd cattlegrori g in a feedlol sysicm
N { a t e u sd a C r u z d e C a r v a l h o ,N o n o N g a d i y o n o .a n d S o e p a r n o. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ ..
415 422
4.
A\ailabl€ herbagenrstainabilityunder soil and water conseNalionfor dc!elopment of
small runri ants
Sutarno,Sumarsono.WidiyatiSlamet,DidikWisnuWidjajanto......................... 123 426
a.
A s t u d t o r s o m e! s p $ : r so f e q u i n eh u s b a n d f h
y tb€Punjab-Pakislan
Arshadlqbal,AsifHarn€ed.M.Younas,BakhtB.KhanandS.A.Bhatti................... 121 132
6.
Feedingsrategi.s to nrcreasegrollIh ofearly lvcanedBali cal\'esh EastJala
Y.N. A ggraeny, D. Pamungkas, N.H. Krish a. S.P. Q igley. and D.P. Poppi . . .. . .
7
8
'133 136
R e s p o n so. l b r a h n r acnr o s s b r e cdo \ s a n d l h e i f . a h e s k e p t u n d e rs e m i i n t { J r s i vaen d
fed thernon lr.al fodd€r supplem.nr In casrSutrrbaRegency,last Nusa lenggirta
S . F a t t a h .Y . U . L . S o b a n g , S . Y . F . G . D i l l a k , J . J . A . R a t u r v a l o e . a n d Y . L . H e ' t r k . . .
137 410
l h e f e l . ( i o n l h i pb e ( n c e nh c a r i. h e s tg i h , b o d l l e n g l ha n ds h o u l d e h
t e i g h r a. n d
goars
l i r e n e i g h rn r I d o n e s i a n
Asmuddnr Natsir.I{awardi A. Asja, Nasrullah, Yusnasari. A. Nu.hayu. Peter
. . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
M u r r a y , a n d R o l N { u r r a y - P f i o r . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
1{1
44i
I
Ongole).attle in lndoDesia
ofOnsolc srade(Pefanakan
G.o\rlh perfofman.e
. .................. 4I1j 451
B ( d i H a r y a t o a d D i c k yP a n u n g k a s
l0
conqrnrrt ol diffeferrslaughter
\ieight of localram
Cror|lh of rar.ais andcarcass
A.E. Nlanu.\1.I{. Kleden.S.A.Adjaru,J.J.A.RatulvaloeandY.L.He uk ........... 1s2 ls1
ll.
gcrerarion
Pon|anurrt)ulu.li\ir)ofSnr] renlaL
0ngole.r$nal.otrsofrlrufi.sr
rompiifed ro Ongole.ross€dco\\s kcpr b) f'trnters
E.Baliarti. W.T.H.NI. Christoffor, and Soenardi
xtl
155 459
The cffecl of supplemenlalionof diffeorr l\sine sour.rs o the p(].fonnar)ceol rveared
pigs From 4 p to 10 u'eeksof age
R i i e l D i a " J H . T i L a ' l j a . . . . . . ..
.160 163
E | f e . t o f l i b e r s o u r ! eo n r h ep e r f o n n a n . eo f w . a r u l p i g sf r o m 4 u p t o 1 0 $ e € L so f a g e
Iohann Ly d'rd RhFl D.ll. L il'adja
461 467
o f c a r r l ef e e . l l o p
r i o d u . r n r rs \ ' s t r t r rt o n r c r € a ! et h eu e i t i r e
I n f l u c ! f e t l L e! r L p r ! \ e n r e r n
nl inttBralrd
o l f e e d k n l a n c r sg f t r u pi n i d o n e s i ad n o u g hr h e i n r p l . m . n r a l i o o
s u e a i n a b i l i t \f a n n i n gs \ 5 l e m
Joko Riyanto. Susi Dsi Widyawati. and Wara Pratitis
468 473
l5
Breedlng ,,)! s,,,/,r ur d ahoo ca(le ii easle r ifdonesia .arrle grxtll
Totok B. Julianto, Tanda Panjaitan, Geoffry fordy(e, and Dennis Popli ... .. .. .. ..
1i4
l6
B f e e d n r gB o s J a r a n i c u sd A l t o n c a t l l ci n f a s t c mh d o l e s i a c a t t l ec o n l m Ld, i € l s .d l a u g h l
I2
171
.178 182
I a n d a P a " j a i r d r ' .C e o l T r ]r o ' d l c e . D c n n i \ P o p t i
1 7 . B r e e d r n gA . , 5 ! r " r r . r s d A l l o n c a t t l ei n e a s l f mI l d o n € s i a t: r l o n i l o f i n g\ i l l a g e . a f t l e
183 487
D€nnis Poppi, Taoda Panjaitan, Dahlantlddin, and Geoffry Fordyce
18
A p p l i c d t i c ro l o r l i r e a r n r o d e L s i n e s t i n r a r i n g g r o w t h c u r ! e s o f L o d \ \ \ , e i g h t a n d s i z e s
of HolslenfF.iesin 1e )ale caule
Nia Kurniawan, and AnnekeAnggraeni
1!
2t)
2l
22
23
Blood lipid srarus.f
188 196
Jaira Ekor Kurus sheepsupplementedby p|otcclcd kapok sccd
Widiyaflto, M. So€jo o. Z. Ba.h.uddin. H. Hartadi, and Surahfta to
497 501
D i ! e f s i l y o n t h e e x r e f i o fp e f o r n r a n . eo f c r o s s b r e.da r t l ek e p tt r \ f a r m e r si o . e n na l j a ! a
T . S . M . W i d i , I . C . S . B u d i ' a t r i a .E . B a l i a r t i .H . M . J . U d o . . . . . . . . . . . .
502 508
Allernarnlr conrrol fd endop.rrasites
nfection in goatsby fecding frr:shnarured aod
n
i
n
a
l
i
a
l n n n a r u f el e a v e so f t €
.atappa
Mohd Azrul Lokrnar'. and Mohd Emendy Abd. Wahid ... .... .. ..
5011511
Gro{th of nire trollrh old ale buffalo cal!es as aftcctedb\ dillerenl cNde prctein and
enerS) cor.iJrLralxnrs
I'1. Sarx'ar, M. A. Shahzad. N.A.Tauqir, and NI. Nisa .. .. ... . .. ...
515 520
P e d o n n a n co
e f l a . I a t i i g h u f f a l o c sa sa f f i c l e dL \ \ a r l i n g c o r c e n t r a r i o n. fs. s s . n t i a l
N.A.Tatlqn€. Nl.A.Shahzad, M.Ni'a. NI.San'!ar, H.A. Saddiqi, NI. Fa]-r-az,and
\l.A Tipu
521 5lL
Animal Physiology,Reproduction,and Genetics
1.
3
Scasonal
in\estigati.n
of seruno r g n c s i L u nc o c € n t r a t i o i n n a t i \ . . a r r l ca ( \ \ ' . n t n r
Azerba!an
P(,rin:e.Iran
M.R. Valilou atrdA.R. Rotli .
527 a3t)
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INSTRUCTIONS
TO AUTHORS
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
The exploration of genetic characteristics of Madura cattle1
T. Hartatik*2, T. S. M. Widi3, Ismaya4, D.T. Widayati4 and E. Baliarti3
2
Laboratory of Animal Breeding, 3Laboratory of Meat, Draught, and Companion Animals,
4
Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal
Science, Gadjah Mada University, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
*Contact author: T. Hartatik, tety@ugm.ac.id
ABSTRACT
The research was conducted to observe the exterior characteristics and performance of
Madura cattle based on qualitative and quantitative traits. This research was conducted in
Pamekasan, Sumenep, and Sapudi Island, Madura, East Java province. Two groups of Sonok calf
and Sonok cow in total number of sample 157 cattle were used for observation of exterior
characteristics. The body measurements and performance data were obtained from 203 Madura
cattle. The result showed that Sonok calf and Sonok cow have different exterior characteristics. The
Sonok cow showed several changes on exterior characteristics compared to Sonok calf, such as
appearing of the chest fat and back line, size of hump, the lappet size, and the colors surrounding
eyes, nose and mouth. The body measurements of 2-3 years old of Sonok cattle were higher than
that of Madura cattle in Sumenep and in Sapudi Island. In example, girths of chest of those cattle
are 163.19 ± 9.87 cm, 138.44 ± 18.36 cm and 148.88 ± 10.18 cm, respectively. More interestingly,
the Sonok cattle in the same area showed the improvement of body measurements compare with
the pervious results in 1992 (girth of chest 158.19±10.88 cm). Performance of Madura cattle such
as weaning age, first age of mating, first age of calving were 5.75 ± 0.78 month, 19.571 ± 0.53
month, and 30.00 ± 0.00 month, respectively. The estimation of body weight in those phase were
151.58 ± 36.98 kg, 240.00 ± 45.96 kg, and 251.08 ± 68.33 kg, respectively. Based on this research,
Sonok calf and Sonok cow had spesific characteristics. Generaly body measurements and
performance of Sonok cattle was better than Madura cattle in general. Therefore, we suggest that
the population of Sonok cattle could be improved in order to get high quality local cattle in Madura
island.
Key words: Exterior characteristics, Body measurements, Sonok calf, Sonok cow, Madura cattle
Introduction
Madura cattle is one of the local breed cattle in Indonesia which spread over in Madura
island. The shape was uniform. It was probably the hybrid offspring of a crossed between Banteng
and Zebu cattle, which most likely as Sinhala cattle brought by traders in the past (Hardjosubroto,
1994). Population of Madura cattle was estimated 900.000 heads and spread in almost parts of
Indonesia such as Madura, East Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB)
and Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) (Livestock Official of East Java, 2006). From the official data on
the 2008, population of Madura cattle in Madura ranch known as much as 601.795 spread over four
district : Bangkalan (142.567 heads), Sampang (123.438 heads), Pamekasan (97.899 heads), and
Sumenep (237.891 heads) (Communication and Information Official of East Java, 2009).
Madura cattle has a unique physical characteristic. The color of their body were dominant
in red, brick-red, and brown. White color on the belly and inner thighs with unclear white pattern
on the back-bottom. Madura cattle has black fur in its tail and has no dewlap. Madura cattle back
______________________________
1Thanks
to the faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University which has Provided research funds
through WCRU program
2
Corresponding author : tety@ugm.ac.id
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
on the straight and have a hump on the bull while the cows did not seem the hump, dorsal line of
brownish-colored blackness found in that cattle, whereas in the eye and ears were circle black line.
Both sex have the same color from birth to mature. The horn of the cattle was small and short with
a curved semi-circular direction with the tip pointed straight ahead and the horn in females is almost
invisible.
Madura cattle is gracefull animal, it can be used as working cattle, beef cattle, karapan (bull
racing), and sonok contest (dancing cattle). In Madura island, the cattle generally work in pairs to
cultivate the land, such as plowing, harrowing, and clearing the weeds (Gunawan, 1993). Beside as
a beef cattle, Madura cattle was potential because it has high resistance against environmental stress
and disease, high fertility rates, high adaptability to the low feed, and feed consumption was fewer
than the hybrid or imported beef (East Java Communication and Information Official, 2009).
Madura cattle particularly males (bull), have a great ability in running differently compared to other
types of cattle. The cattle run along 130-meter and the distance can be taken for 90-10 seconds,
therefore Madura cattle used for „karapan sapi‟ . The bull was race in pairs and traditionally held
since long time ago. One more thing that drives the successful of Madura cattle is that there were
traditional cattle contest named „Sonok Contest‟ or „Kontes sapi Sonok‟ which took since a long
time ago.
The Sonok contest usually held before bull racing “karapan”. In the sonok contest, cow
were assessed and judged in overall shape, the beauty between pairing of cows, beautiful dress,
beautiful hair and skin color, beauty, agility cows walked that accompanied by traditional music
“gamelan” and the skill of cows were being able to stop with front foot stepping on the finish line
in a few minutes after they reach the gate which equipped with a mirror. The success of ornamental
cow / sonok cows be a winner regardless of the election contest is not like the color of the body,
hump, back line, color around the eyes and mouth, ass and other colors. Such criteria are also
important for the selection of sonok cows competed in the contest which will be due to one sonok
cow assessment criteria in the competition is overall body shape. The existence of that standard
criteria for both exterior and body size sonok cow for small and big sonok selection is crucial for
the implementation of cows selection in beauty and quality. Therefore the aims of this research are
to identify constraints and criteria for small and big sonok cattle. Hopefully the result of this research
will form an exterior characteristic standard for both small and big sonok cattle.
An exterior characteristic like quantitative traits such as body size is closely related to growth
factors, cattle which well in growth can be ascertained that its body size as well too. In this study,
in addition to exterior characteristic were also observed in Sumenep and Sapudi island grouping by
age. The observations obtained by the standard body size during the growth phase (2-3 years) for
Madura cows and Sonok cows.
Material and Method
This study used case study approach conducted in some district of Madura Island such as :
Pamekasan, Sumenep, and Sapudi. The parameters were observed in this study are the exterior
characteristics and comparison of body size and performance in Madura beef cattle and Madura
Sonok cattle at the age around 2-3 years.
Exterior characteristics. The data of exterior characteristics were obtained from 157
sonok cattle (small and big) which joined the sonok contest, held at 15 and 16 August 2009 in Waru
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
sub-district, Pamekasan District, Madura. The data were taken by direct observation and the result
was shown in Table 1.
Table 1. qualitative traits on Sonok calf and Sonok cow
Variable
Color of body
Chest fat
Dewlap
Backline
Hump
Color arround eye,
mouth, hoof and leg
0
None
None
None
None
-
1
Dark red
Available
Small
Available
Small
The same as
color of body
score
2
Red
3
Yellow
Medium
Big
Medium
creamy
Big
White
4
Gray
Body size. Body size obtained from 203 female Madura cows as sample. The cattle body
size was measured using a tape FH brand with 1 cm precision figures and the measuring ruler FHK
brand with 0.2 cm accuracy. Cattle body size data including: girth of chest, height of withers, length
of the body, height at hip, length of head, width of head, and head index. Length of the body
(absolute) is the straight distance that measured between Tuberculum lateralis to Tuberculum
ischiadicum. Girth of chest is the length of the circular (the circumference) as measured on chest
that right in the back of withers (on the rib (costae) 3-4. Height of withers is straight distance from
the plane to the highest point in withers. Height at hip was obtained by measuring the distance from
the plane until the highest point of the hip. Head index is the ratio between length of head and width
of head. Width of head was measured from the widest part of the head. Length of head was measured
from tip of snout to mid-point of the antlers. Data of body measurement was taken with
parallelogram position of the livestock. Body weight estimation of Sonok cattle was calculated
using body weight estimation scale on the measuring tape brand of FHK. Age estimation was done
with direct interview or direct showed of the tooth growth.
Vital Data Comparison of Sonok cattle and Madura cattle. Vital data observed in
Madura cattle and Sonok cattle were girth of chest, height of withers, length of the body, height at
hip, length of head, width of head, head index, body weight estimation at the age around 2-3 years.
Performance of female sonok cattle. Performances observed such as weaning age, first
age of mating, first age of calving were based on result of the Mahardika‟ s research (2009).
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Data analysis. Analysis of the data used for exterior data in analysis by calculating the
percentages, while quantitative data (body measurement and performance of cow) were analyzed
descriptively by calculating the means and standard of error.
Result and Discussion
Madura cattle population growth data in the Pamekasan Distric, noted by the Pamekasan Animal
Husbandry Departement from 2004 to 2008 was presented in Graph 1 below.
98
97.9
97.8
97.7
97.6
97.5
97.4
97.3
97.2
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Year
Graph 1. Madura cattle population in Pamekasan
(Source: Animal Husbandry Office of Pamekasan District, 2009)
Madura cattle population in Pamekasan District from 2004 until 2008 has increased. In 2004, the
population of Madura cattle reached 97,482 cattle and in 2008, the population reached 97,889 cattle.
Madura cattle population increase year by year. It has a positive value for the development of
Madura cattle. The increase of Madura cattle population is expected to increase the number of
population that have a good exterior characteristic (qualitative and quantitative).
Exterior Characteristic of Madura Cattle
Exterior characteristic should be known for the introduction of cattle breed were body‟ s color,
tail‟ s hair, shape of horns, hump, dewlap, specific colors on the body, characteristic of the head,
ears and neck (Supiyono, 1998). Percentage of the dominant exterior characteristic of Sonok calves
and cow based on result of the observation in cattle contest (Sonok Calf) on August 15 th 2009 and
Sonok cow contest on August 16th 2009 can be seen on Table 2, while the exterior characteristic
can be seen on Table 3.
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Table 2. Percentage of dominant characteristic in Sonok calves and cows
Sonok calf (n = 72)
Kriteria
0
Sonok cow (n = 85)
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
56.944%
25%
18.056%
-
67.059%
22.353%
10.588%
43.056%
90.278%
48.611%
98.6111%
48.6111%
1.389%
51.389%
-
17.647%
1.176%
58.824 %
1.176%
-
82.353%
45.882%
41.476%
29.412%
57.647%
52.941%
48.837%
42.353%
20.00%
Color arround mouth -
41.667%
52.78%
5.556%
-
57.647 %
42.353 %
Color of Tracak and
foot
19.444%
75
5.556%
-
44.706 %
47.059%
Color of body
Chest fat
dewlap
Back line
Hump
Color arround eye
56.944%
8.333%
51.389%
1.389%
-
-
8.235%
Table 3. Exterior characteristic of Sonok Calf (n=72) and Sonok Cow (n=85)
Age (month)
Kind
Min
Sonok
Calf
Sonok Cow
Ma x
Exterior characteristic
Aver Color of
Chest fat
body
age
5
24
11.7
12
96
34.9
Dark red
Dark
Red
None
Color
aroun d
mouth
Dewlap
Hump
Back line
Color
aroun d
eye
small
Small
None
Creamy
Creamy
Dark Red
Dark Red
Medium
Available
Availa ble Medium
Color of
racak and foot
Creamy
Creamy
The exterior characteristic of Madura cattle (Sonok calf) with a range of ages approximately 5 to
24 months based on Table 2 were a dark red of body colors, haven‟ t chest fat, small dewlap,
haven‟ t back lines, small hump, have a beige color on the around of eyes and mouth also hoof and
legs. While Sonok cows with aged range of 12 to 48 months had different exterior characteristic
compared to with Sonok calves (Table 2). Sonok cow had chest fat, size of dewlap increased
become medium size, looking the back line, size of hump become medium size, and the ground
colors of the eyes and mouths change become dark red (same with body color).
Madura cattle was suspected as a result of crossbred between Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) and zebu
cattle (Bos indicus) (Gunawan, 1993; Nijman et al., 2003; Hartatik et al., 2009), therefore the
exterior characteristic of Madura cattle between Bali cattle and Zebu cattle. In addition, Pritchard
et al., 2000 in Kusdiantoro et al. (2009) Madura cattle based on mt DNA has Zebu and Banteng
blood, and based on Y-chromosom analysis, Madura cattle contain Zebu cattle blood and taurine
(from Taurus blood). While based on the microsatellite analysis, the blood of Madura cattle contains
Zebu cattle and Banteng. Added by Cahyadi et al. (2009) Madura cattle has haplotype A, which
Madura cattle shows a relationship with Banteng (Bos javanicus).
The 5th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production
Community Empowerment and Tropical Animal Industry
October 19-22, 2010, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
_____________________________________________________________________________
From this research, Sonok calves and Cow had dark red of body color and black color of back lines.
It were characteristics of Bali cattle (Hardjosubroto, 1994) and Java cattle (Susilawati et al., 2002
in Cahyadi, 2009). Horn shapes of Madura cattle were similar to those of Bali cattle, up circle
(Williamson and Payne, 1993). Hump and dewlap in Sonok cattle was feature from Zebu cattle.
According to Pukite (1993) in Abdurahman (2006), Bos indicus cattle have a broad hump above the
shoulders and neck also width of dewlap.
The hump and dewlap of Sonok cattle was developed well. It can be seen from the development of
hump‟ s size and dewlap‟ s size from Sonok Calf and Sonok Cow. Size development is caused by
growth period of cattle. When the growth of cattle has passed the growth of meat and muscle, so fat
will develop in growth. The fat will form part of hump and dewlap and also fat chest in Madura
cattle. According to Hammond (1933) in Soeparno (2009), body tissue reached maximum growth,
started from neuro tissue, bone, muscle and fat. Carcass component growth pattern begin with rapid
bone growth, then. After reaching puberty, the growth of muscle will decrease and fat depotition
will increase (Soeparno, 2009).
Measurement exterior characteristic of Sonok cattle and Madura cattle Vital data
of Madura cattle in Sumenep district, including Sapudi Island, and also Sonok cattle, can be seen in
Table 4.
Table 4. Vital data of Sonok cattle and Madura cattle with aged 2-3 years.
Madura Cattle
Data vital
Sumenep (n = 18)
Sapudi Island (n =17)
Age (month)
31.33 ± 2.57
30.85 ± 3.197
Girth of chest (cm)
138.44 ± 18.36a
148.88 ± 10.18b
a
Height of the withers (cm)
116.56 ± 7.52
114.12 ± 4.84a
a
Length of body (cm)
114.17 ± 9.24
113.94 ± 4.51b
Height of hip (cm)
115.78 ± 8.00 a
113.24 ± 3.401a
Length of head (cm)
41.78 ± 3.90
43.06 ±