An Experimental To Investigate The Effect Nozzle Angle An Position of Water Turbin For Obtaining Higest Rotation.
-$o
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PERTATI1IHA
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.
. aa -.i3:
BermuturdiBhli...;."'.'-.;;'.----...:r.-t.;';:':,;:::_-...-...;.r.,.........,
: : . :
oFtimalisasi FroduLltivitas lGntang Bibit varigtas Granola , ,, ,.,
,,,.'
:'
-
:
",,
'
e* a*ns"n
ilanioul#*asirei*@;#:r*ui@,
Frospek dan,Fut;nitiPengemharrgpnfanaman
'
p*ai di Provinsi Bali ,;*..-;i;'...;..;',..,..'.."""1""i"1ri""1r"
-
noru
li'
-
lor
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pcnelitian dan PengembanBan TeknolbgiBrogas dl
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',,UniVefSitaSittdayrnar..,-.r....;;0.,.;.i;;....-......,.....;....i,1.;;;;1.i.".
:at::::
103 - 11$
Dunia'
;onti.,iiiiE
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- r:j::
,"
.::i.
":';
$'"ctqtrygt
Persembahanisudaya Suhak untu* Kebudava*n
:-':|i*#**
i::,
sp i'on
'
,
1110
ottcrrt *r*lN*toorordi*m ocodenulb r-tseealings ..,..,'u 116
lan
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, lVletalui,Petnbeldeyaan
.
p*n*'n,, '
-
::
:
..:.:i:::::
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;,', A* Expgllmentaito
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l,ta;
.::,1,.,..
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,-,:,_..,,..,.,.,.,,,..,,,::::.,.
:,.:,!i)l::'
::.,.,:1ii:,
i;rn rfrf .riiW ei* rurai;ne
:i
:,.|rff*O; ta6x *ono*
n6rn,tt"
o
ni.t*1 8
.,,,,','
:
"',
t';i:-t:1i-"",:,""'t:
#4 w,',
-,,,,,
;,,
-';",":'1 -'.:' 152 1@
t,,L3
aentut -, Bentuk Pe ratura n Gu bernut di Hrovinsi' B-ali, :i,..' : :'6$
174 - 185
Eali Antara nua*ifittt-Xtv'-Kajian pelt Polftik:;"":';"""""
nnengentesl€fl Kemiskinaft :di'FL,qv!nsi Bali"t-
UNIVERSITASmEM
of
An Experimental To Investigate The Effect Nozzle Angle An Position
Water Turbin For Obtaining Higest Rotation
Lie,asar,"st"ffi,tffi*iil'effi
2Electrical Engineering
Depurt**g
;tflffi ?Ji,:l#1#ffi'l:"::{*','.'T.',
of rechnologv,
surabava, rndonesla
i:r#ililffi6LHtit,re
Abstract
water is a key issue
potential to solve tn
has envirownentally friendly and very large
for an alternative renewable energl source
mechanica| energ/ by means a
*olai, i,rg, crisis. Wate*n 'fi can be -cowerted into
'*t'"r*nyar" turbine. rhrrrfr;, ;t;twcific -urbine is re{uired to obnin *e highest "ffi"k'?' This papet proposes
These
far obtaining the higlest eficieray turbine'
ini rigriq"*t p*orit
experimental ro i;lri*i,
the
'tto*t ando iotatioa
";r;;";;;,
exPeriments
bv
con&tctins
are itvestisated
;;;i*; iioii ria^,
the highest speed rotation of
rn ailgle and poriiio* nozzle is a/iusrable n obtiin
*ri"i.
using mini turbine
is a'5 m, intur radius is
radius
outer
as
erplained
follows:
turbine. The characterirrtii if in irni nrbii" *iit "r,
that the
igt,
ord
O.bgl titrc ilod"t. The erperiment result shows
0.4 m, widrh 0.12 m, the number of bladel 32,-votume
positioiqla
for incidence angle' The best position
nozzle
highesr rotilion i, obtaine'i'by iO argrr$ for
-f-Wees
nu*b", 2 producis the speed of turbine 68.j1666667 rym.
f
,i*rri, "i-tid*
Keywords : Nozzlg turbinq water wheel, energy
1.
Introduction
world. The energy demand is significantly
The en.,ry plays an important role for population in.the
and decreases especially conventional energy'
increases every year but the energy ,eso*"r is limited
It is also the most reliable and effectively
Hydropower is one of clean enerry r.ro*.m in the world.
hy&opowq -schemes are getting
cost re,lrewable enerry resource ,*r"g the others' slall
ease.in operation, and 19we,r environme'lrt of
increasingly popof* fJtause of its simpf]crty goi*,
schemes[l]. Conventional highly effrcient
heavy constructi* i" ro*parison to ligg hy&opi*er
unviable because of the large
oo**calry
6ir*.
-fo*
low head hydrafic UrrUioo, zuch as faifan,
of special flow contol
requremen!
installations,
nrua
size of Ae turUine rr+ri."A for very
mechanismandtherisktheimposeontheecologyespeciallyonfish,tashandsedimeirt
fiansPort.
[
1
],121,137.
long been known in the community togencrate
water wheel is a simple machine, cheap and has
pti*aty-so.tc"6f power in ancient times' Water wheels ae
the energy. Wrt"r *ft"rfr'ro. rseA is-a
steet wift blades fixed at regular interval around their
simple *u.tir", or*Uy made of
tangentially lo1nd the wheel' The thrust
circumference. The blades are pushed by tlre water
wheel
on the'bladet pto&rt"t- tolque o" Ae shaft and as result the
produced by t6;
shot
breast
undershot,
are oversho!
revolves.[1],r+r,rsr rour commonly used water wheelimodels
accumulated
by potential energy -"t uPq.9y the
and stream wheels. Overshot waterwheels are driven
top of the wlieel and fills into the buckets
the
at
no*r
wat
water in the buckets of the wheel.
"
uuu.n a on the periphery of the wheel'[U,[5]'[fl'[8]'[9]'
*o.d;
ilt t
of 75'85o/o oy:r.a wide range of flo1,
rduce the risk to aq,atic life as well
slow speed .;;#;;ehe. rired r"irr or'*re water wheil
to floating debris'U]'[3]' Previous research on the
"f
as allow better sedirnent fiansport and tolerance
to pr&uce electicity' ]n tlis qre*S study' the
turbine was intended to desi$ *oo-tlAo turbines
Tabanan, Bali-Indonesia as
researcher,rrrl*-i.ro;td; dant in-the ,lUrg. of Gambuh Pupuan,
Research shows
tlat tnbine
are technicaily and efficiency
145
T
angle 10o position (Pl1). This indicates that the watenryheel is installed on the location, the position
of-nozzle-canbe set that the waterwheel produces RPMs closer to the maximum. The changes of
nozzie direction is resulted the highest of RPM at 79 .13333 at an angle of 3 5 " (P 1 5) at rwzzle anSe
at -100.
Acknowledgements
to the Ministry of Culture and Educatiorl Indonesia, who has
The Authori convey gratitude
-through
program BPPS and the research grant Unggulan Udayana
the
provided scholarships
BOPTN 2013.
References
ttl
of
S. Paudel, N. Linton, U. C. E. Zanke, and N. Saenger, "Experimental_investigation on the effect
width on flsxible rubber blade water wheel performarce," Renewable Enerry, vol. 52,pp. l-:7,
"n*""t
Apr.2013.
til
t3l
l4l
tsl
iOi
In
T. Sakurai, H. Funato, and S. Ogasawan4 "Fundamental chmacteristics of test facility for micro
hydroelectric power generation syst€nr," presented at the International Conference on Electrical
Machines and Systems,2009.ICEMS 2009,2009,pp. 1 -6.
L. Wang D.-J. iee, J.-H. Liu, Z.-Z.Chen,Z.-Y.Kuo,H.-Y. Jang J.-J. You, J.-T. Tsai, M.-H. Tsai,
W.-T. ii& and Y.-J. Leg "Installation and practical operation of the first micro hydro power
system in taiwan using irrigation water in an agriculture cana\" in 2008 IEEE Power and Energy
Society General Me*ing' Conversion and Delivery of Elecfical Energy in the 2lst Century, 2008,
pp. 1 -6.
i. Zu^uoand T. Khan, "Design of a Water Wheel For a Low Head Micro Hydropower System,"
Journal Basic Science And Technology, vol. 1(3), pp. l-6,2012.
G. Mullsr, Water Wheels as a Power Source. 1899.
M. Denny, "The Efficiency of
u0l
of
Plrysics, vol. 25, PP. 193-202, 2003.
K.-H. Fasol, 'A short history of hydropowetr contol," IEEE Conftol Systems, vol.22, no. 4, pp. 68
-76,
t8l
tel
Overshot and Undershot Waterwheels," Eurq)ean Joumal
1,lt5.2002.
L. A. HAIMERL,'"The Cross-Flow Turbine."
*The
Banki Water Turbine," Bulletin Series no.25, Feb. 1949.
C. A. Mockmore and F. Merryfield,
*Usaha
Mengatasi Krisis Energi Denganlrdernanfaatkan
I,.. Jaffi, P. Ardana, and I. N. Setiawaq
Aliran ianglnrng Slbagai Sumber Pembangld Listrik Alternatif Bagi MasyarakatPrry" Gambuk
in Proceding Seminar Nasional Teknologi In&rstri XV, ITS, Surabaya, 2011,
-pupuan-tibana4pp.80377-80384.
'L.
J*u, A. Priyadi, and M. Hery P, "PID Control for Mcro Hydro Power Plants Base on Neural
t11l
Networh" in Proceding Modeling Identification and Control (AsiaMIC 2012), Phuket, Thailan4
20t2.
and M. H. Purnomq "Designing angle bowl of turbine for Micro-hy_dro at
2}lzlnt1rnafronal Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis (CMD),
trzl L. Jasa, A. Priyadi,
-ifi
tropical area,"
Sept, pp. 882-885.
jffrr.Pffifiuitl''
*:
PERTATI1IHA
F' r Q u'B D * r I a H
i.it36;i* .
'
,**pffi;:tffi.u,*ff1,
iEranoia,ttemuanc;htur t**cuiarn'sibit ,Kentang. ,
,'i
'.'l
'|., :.,:,,
t:' ' : " -:'. t.' t.
.
. aa -.i3:
BermuturdiBhli...;."'.'-.;;'.----...:r.-t.;';:':,;:::_-...-...;.r.,.........,
: : . :
oFtimalisasi FroduLltivitas lGntang Bibit varigtas Granola , ,, ,.,
,,,.'
:'
-
:
",,
'
e* a*ns"n
ilanioul#*asirei*@;#:r*ui@,
Frospek dan,Fut;nitiPengemharrgpnfanaman
'
p*ai di Provinsi Bali ,;*..-;i;'...;..;',..,..'.."""1""i"1ri""1r"
-
noru
li'
-
lor
xa*J'uycorrttirae€lomus
1""'
.
'i
,:,,:,lll,;.
::.
l,
.;:r,;a,
:: t::::1r'l'::
:
':.:
-::
'
:::li:.::
:
:':::.,:.r.1.:
::::i;:.a..
.:: ::ti:-;:
:
PeRgge mu
.
..
,
":
...t
tan-:iapi:
:
I
*1
:
,
.Ke€mbitan,
-t
.
.
"
ba
',:
...
nafl
Ta
:': "" " "'
,:. , ,, , :,,. ...: .r:
pcnelitian dan PengembanBan TeknolbgiBrogas dl
*';"
' ' t'
'
,
:l:.r.
""";'
'
: .:
rla'
136.
.
, ,
,,
,
i
137 1,144'
:'):,::::.
:.::.1:::::
'a::
*x*sittun
'iiirt**
'r
:
tL'*:,t
Pgftni:: i : ,:; -.' '.,.-.. "r"',, i "':::'.;:.rtll'lrgr
Petani-..,.*':"..''-'."""""'-""'tt.'""'
',,UniVefSitaSittdayrnar..,-.r....;;0.,.;.i;;....-......,.....;....i,1.;;;;1.i.".
:at::::
103 - 11$
Dunia'
;onti.,iiiiE
niasyarqkat0#aBltrmbangpada,Bidang'ttseha',
- r:j::
,"
.::i.
":';
$'"ctqtrygt
Persembahanisudaya Suhak untu* Kebudava*n
:-':|i*#**
i::,
sp i'on
'
,
1110
ottcrrt *r*lN*toorordi*m ocodenulb r-tseealings ..,..,'u 116
lan
"'
, lVletalui,Petnbeldeyaan
.
p*n*'n,, '
-
::
:
..:.:i:::::
..
.:.4.i;::::.
f*wstQate ffre Effect Flozrle Angle
;,', A* Expgllmentaito
1,,
:,,'
1.,.,.
:).::,t.'.::ii::::
;.-. -::.ii:
aa,.
r:,::.i^iiil
::'.r:;lt:
..,:,.:.1,.::.,
:.'::::Laaaa'.'
,,.,::E::.:,
.:...,,:i'N:.
..1.::...!,*,i,'.
a:..::t:!;i::.
,'fu
obta
in i
ROtatiOn ;.,,,.,.,..ir..,,.;:.i...'..,."',,'.;.;"...,i',1
l,ta;
.::,1,.,..
f or
,-,:,_..,,..,.,.,.,,,..,,,::::.,.
:,.:,!i)l::'
::.,.,:1ii:,
i;rn rfrf .riiW ei* rurai;ne
:i
:,.|rff*O; ta6x *ono*
n6rn,tt"
o
ni.t*1 8
.,,,,','
:
"',
t';i:-t:1i-"",:,""'t:
#4 w,',
-,,,,,
;,,
-';",":'1 -'.:' 152 1@
t,,L3
aentut -, Bentuk Pe ratura n Gu bernut di Hrovinsi' B-ali, :i,..' : :'6$
174 - 185
Eali Antara nua*ifittt-Xtv'-Kajian pelt Polftik:;"":';"""""
nnengentesl€fl Kemiskinaft :di'FL,qv!nsi Bali"t-
UNIVERSITASmEM
of
An Experimental To Investigate The Effect Nozzle Angle An Position
Water Turbin For Obtaining Higest Rotation
Lie,asar,"st"ffi,tffi*iil'effi
2Electrical Engineering
Depurt**g
;tflffi ?Ji,:l#1#ffi'l:"::{*','.'T.',
of rechnologv,
surabava, rndonesla
i:r#ililffi6LHtit,re
Abstract
water is a key issue
potential to solve tn
has envirownentally friendly and very large
for an alternative renewable energl source
mechanica| energ/ by means a
*olai, i,rg, crisis. Wate*n 'fi can be -cowerted into
'*t'"r*nyar" turbine. rhrrrfr;, ;t;twcific -urbine is re{uired to obnin *e highest "ffi"k'?' This papet proposes
These
far obtaining the higlest eficieray turbine'
ini rigriq"*t p*orit
experimental ro i;lri*i,
the
'tto*t ando iotatioa
";r;;";;;,
exPeriments
bv
con&tctins
are itvestisated
;;;i*; iioii ria^,
the highest speed rotation of
rn ailgle and poriiio* nozzle is a/iusrable n obtiin
*ri"i.
using mini turbine
is a'5 m, intur radius is
radius
outer
as
erplained
follows:
turbine. The characterirrtii if in irni nrbii" *iit "r,
that the
igt,
ord
O.bgl titrc ilod"t. The erperiment result shows
0.4 m, widrh 0.12 m, the number of bladel 32,-votume
positioiqla
for incidence angle' The best position
nozzle
highesr rotilion i, obtaine'i'by iO argrr$ for
-f-Wees
nu*b", 2 producis the speed of turbine 68.j1666667 rym.
f
,i*rri, "i-tid*
Keywords : Nozzlg turbinq water wheel, energy
1.
Introduction
world. The energy demand is significantly
The en.,ry plays an important role for population in.the
and decreases especially conventional energy'
increases every year but the energy ,eso*"r is limited
It is also the most reliable and effectively
Hydropower is one of clean enerry r.ro*.m in the world.
hy&opowq -schemes are getting
cost re,lrewable enerry resource ,*r"g the others' slall
ease.in operation, and 19we,r environme'lrt of
increasingly popof* fJtause of its simpf]crty goi*,
schemes[l]. Conventional highly effrcient
heavy constructi* i" ro*parison to ligg hy&opi*er
unviable because of the large
oo**calry
6ir*.
-fo*
low head hydrafic UrrUioo, zuch as faifan,
of special flow contol
requremen!
installations,
nrua
size of Ae turUine rr+ri."A for very
mechanismandtherisktheimposeontheecologyespeciallyonfish,tashandsedimeirt
fiansPort.
[
1
],121,137.
long been known in the community togencrate
water wheel is a simple machine, cheap and has
pti*aty-so.tc"6f power in ancient times' Water wheels ae
the energy. Wrt"r *ft"rfr'ro. rseA is-a
steet wift blades fixed at regular interval around their
simple *u.tir", or*Uy made of
tangentially lo1nd the wheel' The thrust
circumference. The blades are pushed by tlre water
wheel
on the'bladet pto&rt"t- tolque o" Ae shaft and as result the
produced by t6;
shot
breast
undershot,
are oversho!
revolves.[1],r+r,rsr rour commonly used water wheelimodels
accumulated
by potential energy -"t uPq.9y the
and stream wheels. Overshot waterwheels are driven
top of the wlieel and fills into the buckets
the
at
no*r
wat
water in the buckets of the wheel.
"
uuu.n a on the periphery of the wheel'[U,[5]'[fl'[8]'[9]'
*o.d;
ilt t
of 75'85o/o oy:r.a wide range of flo1,
rduce the risk to aq,atic life as well
slow speed .;;#;;ehe. rired r"irr or'*re water wheil
to floating debris'U]'[3]' Previous research on the
"f
as allow better sedirnent fiansport and tolerance
to pr&uce electicity' ]n tlis qre*S study' the
turbine was intended to desi$ *oo-tlAo turbines
Tabanan, Bali-Indonesia as
researcher,rrrl*-i.ro;td; dant in-the ,lUrg. of Gambuh Pupuan,
Research shows
tlat tnbine
are technicaily and efficiency
145
T
angle 10o position (Pl1). This indicates that the watenryheel is installed on the location, the position
of-nozzle-canbe set that the waterwheel produces RPMs closer to the maximum. The changes of
nozzie direction is resulted the highest of RPM at 79 .13333 at an angle of 3 5 " (P 1 5) at rwzzle anSe
at -100.
Acknowledgements
to the Ministry of Culture and Educatiorl Indonesia, who has
The Authori convey gratitude
-through
program BPPS and the research grant Unggulan Udayana
the
provided scholarships
BOPTN 2013.
References
ttl
of
S. Paudel, N. Linton, U. C. E. Zanke, and N. Saenger, "Experimental_investigation on the effect
width on flsxible rubber blade water wheel performarce," Renewable Enerry, vol. 52,pp. l-:7,
"n*""t
Apr.2013.
til
t3l
l4l
tsl
iOi
In
T. Sakurai, H. Funato, and S. Ogasawan4 "Fundamental chmacteristics of test facility for micro
hydroelectric power generation syst€nr," presented at the International Conference on Electrical
Machines and Systems,2009.ICEMS 2009,2009,pp. 1 -6.
L. Wang D.-J. iee, J.-H. Liu, Z.-Z.Chen,Z.-Y.Kuo,H.-Y. Jang J.-J. You, J.-T. Tsai, M.-H. Tsai,
W.-T. ii& and Y.-J. Leg "Installation and practical operation of the first micro hydro power
system in taiwan using irrigation water in an agriculture cana\" in 2008 IEEE Power and Energy
Society General Me*ing' Conversion and Delivery of Elecfical Energy in the 2lst Century, 2008,
pp. 1 -6.
i. Zu^uoand T. Khan, "Design of a Water Wheel For a Low Head Micro Hydropower System,"
Journal Basic Science And Technology, vol. 1(3), pp. l-6,2012.
G. Mullsr, Water Wheels as a Power Source. 1899.
M. Denny, "The Efficiency of
u0l
of
Plrysics, vol. 25, PP. 193-202, 2003.
K.-H. Fasol, 'A short history of hydropowetr contol," IEEE Conftol Systems, vol.22, no. 4, pp. 68
-76,
t8l
tel
Overshot and Undershot Waterwheels," Eurq)ean Joumal
1,lt5.2002.
L. A. HAIMERL,'"The Cross-Flow Turbine."
*The
Banki Water Turbine," Bulletin Series no.25, Feb. 1949.
C. A. Mockmore and F. Merryfield,
*Usaha
Mengatasi Krisis Energi Denganlrdernanfaatkan
I,.. Jaffi, P. Ardana, and I. N. Setiawaq
Aliran ianglnrng Slbagai Sumber Pembangld Listrik Alternatif Bagi MasyarakatPrry" Gambuk
in Proceding Seminar Nasional Teknologi In&rstri XV, ITS, Surabaya, 2011,
-pupuan-tibana4pp.80377-80384.
'L.
J*u, A. Priyadi, and M. Hery P, "PID Control for Mcro Hydro Power Plants Base on Neural
t11l
Networh" in Proceding Modeling Identification and Control (AsiaMIC 2012), Phuket, Thailan4
20t2.
and M. H. Purnomq "Designing angle bowl of turbine for Micro-hy_dro at
2}lzlnt1rnafronal Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis (CMD),
trzl L. Jasa, A. Priyadi,
-ifi
tropical area,"
Sept, pp. 882-885.