THE ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL REGISTER IN “THE RUNAWAYS” MOVIE SCRIPT BY FLORIA SIGISMONDI
THE ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL REGISTER IN “THE RUNAWAYS”
MOVIE SCRIPT BY FLORIA SIGISMONDI
By
LISWATIN NA’IMAH
NIM 200832192
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2012
i
ii
THE ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL REGISTER IN “THE RUNAWAYS”
MOVIE SCRIPT BY FLORIA SIGISMONDI
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Patrial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in Department of
English Education
By
LISWATIN NA’IMAH
NIM 200832192
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2012
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
If your ship doesn't come in, swim out to it. (Jonathan Winters)
Just go out there and do what you've got to do. (Martina Navratilova)
Do the best and Allah will do the rest. (Maher Zain)
This skripsi is dedicated to:
My beloved father, Mr.Anshory
Shiddiq who always support me
My beloved brothers
My beloved close friends
My lecturers
iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Liswatin Na’imah has been approved
by the thesis advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee.
Kudus,
Advisor I
Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001146
Advisor II
Ahdi Riyono, S.S, M.Hum
NIS.0610701000001160
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd
NIP.19560619-198503-1-002
v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Liswatin Na’imah (NIM.200832192)
has been approved by the board of Examiner s Committee as a requirement for
completing Sarjana Program in English Education.
Kudus,22 September 2012
Skripsi Examining commitee:
Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001146
Chairperson,
Ahdi Riyono, S.S, M.Hum
NIS.0610701000001160
Member,
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001187
Member,
Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd
NIP.19570616-198403-1-015
Member,
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd
NIP.19560619-198503-1-002
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin.
The writer would like to express her high gratitude to Allah SWT for
blessing and guidance, so that the writer can finish her skripsi entitle “The
Analysis of The Runaways Movie Script by Floria Sigismondi”. The writer
realizes without any support, encouragement, suggestion, and guidance from
many people, she would not be able to finish this skripsi. In this opportunity, the
writer would like to express her deep appreciation to:
1. Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S., M.Pd., the Head of English Education
Department.
3. Rismiyanto, S.Pd., M.Pd. as the first advisor and Ahdi Riyono S.S,
M.Hum. as the second advisor who have given their valuable input,
correction and suggestion for the improvement of this skripsi.
4. All of the lecturers who taught the writer during studying at the
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education as well as possible.
5. The writer’s beloved father for his love and supports.
The writer
Liswatin Na’imah
vii
ABSTRACT
Na’imah, Liswatin, 2012. Vertical Register, Context of Situation, “The Runaways
Movie Script”.Skripsi.English Education Department, Teacher Training
and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Rismiyanto,
S.S, M.Pd, (ii) Ahdi Riyono, S.S, M.Hum
Key words: vertical register, context of situation, “The Runaways” movie script.
As an international language that is most used in the world, English has
some varieties used for a particular purpose or in a particular social setting. A
variety of language that results differences in the situation of use called as
register. Register has two part, they are horizontal register and vertical register.
Then vertical register consist of five elements; they are frozen, formal,
consultative and intimate.
There are several factors influenced the used vertical register include of
situation, condition, the relationship between the participants, various social age,
and many other factors
The purpose of this research is (i) to find out the types of vertical register
and how are their contexts of situation used in “The Runaways” movie script by
Floria Sigismondi.
The data of the research are gathered from Joan Jett’s dialogues in The
Runaways movie script by Floria Sigismondi which is defined as vertical register
and the type of the data is written data. The data in the form of utterances are
defined as vertical register include of frozen, formal, consultative, casual and
intimate. This qualitative research is conducted descriptively.
According to the analyzing of the data of this research, the writer found
some styles in it. First, the kinds of register in “The Runaways” movie script by
Floria Sigismondi used by Joan Jett are three registers. They are consultative
register (3), casual register (88) and intimate register (18). The numbers of register
used by Joan Jett are 109 sentences.
As vertical register is one of language variation in English, the writer
suggests to the students and teachers should give more attention to vertical
register in order to enrich the language variation and improve the English
language skills, especially their speaking skills. The students and teachers also
have to pay more attention in choosing the suitable register based the context of
situation.
viii
ABSTRAKSI
Na'imah, Liswatin, 2012. Vertical Register, Konteks Situasi, Naskah Film “The
Runaways". Skripsi. Inggris Departemen Pendidikan, Pelatihan Guru dan
Fakultas Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i)
Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd, (ii) Ahdi Riyono, SS, M.Hum
Kata kunci: vertikal register, konteks situasi, naskah film "The Runaways".
Sebagai bahasa internasional yang paling banyak digunakan di dunia,
bahasa inggris memiliki beberapa ragam bahasa yang digunakan untuk tujuan
tertentu atau dalam konteks lingkungan sosial tertentu. Keragaman bahasa yang
menghasilkan perbedaan dalam situasi penggunaan disebut sebagai register.
Register mempunyai dua bagian, yaitu horizontal register dan vertical register.
Kemudian vertical register terdiri atas lima bagian; frozen, formal, consultative,
casual dan intimate.
Ada beberapa faktor mempengaruhi penggunaan dari vertical register yang
meliputi; konteks situasi, kondisi, hubungan antara partisipator, usia, dan berbagai
faktor lainnya.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (i) untuk mengetahui jenis vertikal
register yang digunakan dan bagaimanakah konteks situasi yang digunakan dalam
naskah film"The Runaways"karya Floria Sigismondi.
Data dalam penelitian ini adalah kumpulan dialog-dialog dari Joan Jett
dalam naskah film The Runaways karya Floria Sigismondi yang termasuk
kedalam jenis dari vertical register dan jenis data ini berupa data tulisan. Data
yang meliputi kalimat ini dikategorisasikan kedalm vertical register yang terdiri
atas frozen. Formal, consultative, casual dan intimate.Penelitian kualitatif
dilakukan secara deskriptif.
Berdasarkan analisis dari data penelitian ini, penulis menemukan beberapa
ragam bahasa yang digunakan. Pertama, jenis register dalam naskah film"The
Runaways" karya Floria Sigismondi digunakan oleh Joan Jett meliputi tiga
macam. Yaiyu consultative register (3), casual register (88) dan intimate register
(18). Jumlah register yang digunakan oleh Joan Jett berjumlah 109 kalimat.
Vertical register sebagai salah satu ragam bahasa dalam bahasa Inggris,
penulis menyarankan kepada siswa dan guru untuk memberikan perhatian lebih
tentang vertical register untuk memperkaya pengetahuan tentang ragam bahasa
dan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasa Inggris, khususnya keterampilan
berbicara mereka. Para siswa dan guru juga harus lebih berhati-hati dalam
pemilihan register yang tepat agar sesuai dengan konteks situasinya.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ............................................................................................................
i
LOGO............................................................................................................... ii
TITLE ............................................................................................................... iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ........................................................................ iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL .............................................................................. v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ........................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. x
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xiii
LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................. xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study............................................................................ 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ........................................................................... 4
1.3 Objectives of the Study .............................................................................. 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ........................................................................... 4
1.5 Limitation of the Study .............................................................................. 5
1.6 Operational Definition ............................................................................... 5
x
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Language Varieties..................................................................................... 7
2.2 Register ...................................................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Definition of Vertical Register ......................................................... 11
2.2.2 Types of Vertical Register ............................................................... 11
2.2.2.1 Frozen ........................................................................................... 11
2.2.2.2 Formal ........................................................................................... 12
2.2.2.3 Consultative .................................................................................. 12
2.2.2.4 Casual ............................................................................................ 13
2.2.2.5 Intimate ......................................................................................... 13
2.2.2 Context of Situation ......................................................................... 14
2.2.3 The Runaways .................................................................................. 15
2.2.4 The Bibliography of Floria Sigismondi ........................................... 16
2.3 Review of Previous Research..................................................................... 18
2.4 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 19
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
3.1 Design of the Research............................................................................... 20
3.2 Data and Data Source ................................................................................. 20
3.2.1 Data .................................................................................................. 20
3.2.2 Data Source ...................................................................................... 21
3.3 Data Collection........................................................................................... 21
3.4 Data Analysis ............................................................................................. 21
xi
CHAPTER 1V FINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 Analysis of Vertical Register and its Context of Situation in Joan Jett’s
Dialogues of The Runaways a Movie Script Written by Floria
Sigismondi ................................................................................................ 25
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
5.1 Types of Vertical Register and its Context of Situation in “The
Runaways” Movie Script by Floria Sigismondi ....................................... 51
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................. 61
6.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................. 62
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 63
APPENDICES ....................................................................................................
CURRICULUM VITAE .....................................................................................
STATEMENT SHEET ....................................................................................
xii
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
The Differences between Vertical Register and Horizontal Register .............. 2
2.1 The Differentiation between Register and Dialect ..................................... 8
3.2 The Example of the Analysis of Vertical Register..................................... 22
4.1 Analysis of Vertical Register in “The Runaways” Movie Script ............... 25
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
Picture
Page
4.1 Step Model of Deductive Category Application ........................................ 22
xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
Page
1. The Runaways’s DVD cover ..................................................................
2. The Runaways movie script ....................................................................
xv
63
MOVIE SCRIPT BY FLORIA SIGISMONDI
By
LISWATIN NA’IMAH
NIM 200832192
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2012
i
ii
THE ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL REGISTER IN “THE RUNAWAYS”
MOVIE SCRIPT BY FLORIA SIGISMONDI
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Patrial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in Department of
English Education
By
LISWATIN NA’IMAH
NIM 200832192
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2012
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
If your ship doesn't come in, swim out to it. (Jonathan Winters)
Just go out there and do what you've got to do. (Martina Navratilova)
Do the best and Allah will do the rest. (Maher Zain)
This skripsi is dedicated to:
My beloved father, Mr.Anshory
Shiddiq who always support me
My beloved brothers
My beloved close friends
My lecturers
iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Liswatin Na’imah has been approved
by the thesis advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee.
Kudus,
Advisor I
Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001146
Advisor II
Ahdi Riyono, S.S, M.Hum
NIS.0610701000001160
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd
NIP.19560619-198503-1-002
v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Liswatin Na’imah (NIM.200832192)
has been approved by the board of Examiner s Committee as a requirement for
completing Sarjana Program in English Education.
Kudus,22 September 2012
Skripsi Examining commitee:
Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001146
Chairperson,
Ahdi Riyono, S.S, M.Hum
NIS.0610701000001160
Member,
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001187
Member,
Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd
NIP.19570616-198403-1-015
Member,
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd
NIP.19560619-198503-1-002
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin.
The writer would like to express her high gratitude to Allah SWT for
blessing and guidance, so that the writer can finish her skripsi entitle “The
Analysis of The Runaways Movie Script by Floria Sigismondi”. The writer
realizes without any support, encouragement, suggestion, and guidance from
many people, she would not be able to finish this skripsi. In this opportunity, the
writer would like to express her deep appreciation to:
1. Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S., M.Pd., the Head of English Education
Department.
3. Rismiyanto, S.Pd., M.Pd. as the first advisor and Ahdi Riyono S.S,
M.Hum. as the second advisor who have given their valuable input,
correction and suggestion for the improvement of this skripsi.
4. All of the lecturers who taught the writer during studying at the
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education as well as possible.
5. The writer’s beloved father for his love and supports.
The writer
Liswatin Na’imah
vii
ABSTRACT
Na’imah, Liswatin, 2012. Vertical Register, Context of Situation, “The Runaways
Movie Script”.Skripsi.English Education Department, Teacher Training
and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Rismiyanto,
S.S, M.Pd, (ii) Ahdi Riyono, S.S, M.Hum
Key words: vertical register, context of situation, “The Runaways” movie script.
As an international language that is most used in the world, English has
some varieties used for a particular purpose or in a particular social setting. A
variety of language that results differences in the situation of use called as
register. Register has two part, they are horizontal register and vertical register.
Then vertical register consist of five elements; they are frozen, formal,
consultative and intimate.
There are several factors influenced the used vertical register include of
situation, condition, the relationship between the participants, various social age,
and many other factors
The purpose of this research is (i) to find out the types of vertical register
and how are their contexts of situation used in “The Runaways” movie script by
Floria Sigismondi.
The data of the research are gathered from Joan Jett’s dialogues in The
Runaways movie script by Floria Sigismondi which is defined as vertical register
and the type of the data is written data. The data in the form of utterances are
defined as vertical register include of frozen, formal, consultative, casual and
intimate. This qualitative research is conducted descriptively.
According to the analyzing of the data of this research, the writer found
some styles in it. First, the kinds of register in “The Runaways” movie script by
Floria Sigismondi used by Joan Jett are three registers. They are consultative
register (3), casual register (88) and intimate register (18). The numbers of register
used by Joan Jett are 109 sentences.
As vertical register is one of language variation in English, the writer
suggests to the students and teachers should give more attention to vertical
register in order to enrich the language variation and improve the English
language skills, especially their speaking skills. The students and teachers also
have to pay more attention in choosing the suitable register based the context of
situation.
viii
ABSTRAKSI
Na'imah, Liswatin, 2012. Vertical Register, Konteks Situasi, Naskah Film “The
Runaways". Skripsi. Inggris Departemen Pendidikan, Pelatihan Guru dan
Fakultas Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i)
Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd, (ii) Ahdi Riyono, SS, M.Hum
Kata kunci: vertikal register, konteks situasi, naskah film "The Runaways".
Sebagai bahasa internasional yang paling banyak digunakan di dunia,
bahasa inggris memiliki beberapa ragam bahasa yang digunakan untuk tujuan
tertentu atau dalam konteks lingkungan sosial tertentu. Keragaman bahasa yang
menghasilkan perbedaan dalam situasi penggunaan disebut sebagai register.
Register mempunyai dua bagian, yaitu horizontal register dan vertical register.
Kemudian vertical register terdiri atas lima bagian; frozen, formal, consultative,
casual dan intimate.
Ada beberapa faktor mempengaruhi penggunaan dari vertical register yang
meliputi; konteks situasi, kondisi, hubungan antara partisipator, usia, dan berbagai
faktor lainnya.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (i) untuk mengetahui jenis vertikal
register yang digunakan dan bagaimanakah konteks situasi yang digunakan dalam
naskah film"The Runaways"karya Floria Sigismondi.
Data dalam penelitian ini adalah kumpulan dialog-dialog dari Joan Jett
dalam naskah film The Runaways karya Floria Sigismondi yang termasuk
kedalam jenis dari vertical register dan jenis data ini berupa data tulisan. Data
yang meliputi kalimat ini dikategorisasikan kedalm vertical register yang terdiri
atas frozen. Formal, consultative, casual dan intimate.Penelitian kualitatif
dilakukan secara deskriptif.
Berdasarkan analisis dari data penelitian ini, penulis menemukan beberapa
ragam bahasa yang digunakan. Pertama, jenis register dalam naskah film"The
Runaways" karya Floria Sigismondi digunakan oleh Joan Jett meliputi tiga
macam. Yaiyu consultative register (3), casual register (88) dan intimate register
(18). Jumlah register yang digunakan oleh Joan Jett berjumlah 109 kalimat.
Vertical register sebagai salah satu ragam bahasa dalam bahasa Inggris,
penulis menyarankan kepada siswa dan guru untuk memberikan perhatian lebih
tentang vertical register untuk memperkaya pengetahuan tentang ragam bahasa
dan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasa Inggris, khususnya keterampilan
berbicara mereka. Para siswa dan guru juga harus lebih berhati-hati dalam
pemilihan register yang tepat agar sesuai dengan konteks situasinya.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ............................................................................................................
i
LOGO............................................................................................................... ii
TITLE ............................................................................................................... iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ........................................................................ iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL .............................................................................. v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ........................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. x
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xiii
LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................. xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study............................................................................ 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ........................................................................... 4
1.3 Objectives of the Study .............................................................................. 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ........................................................................... 4
1.5 Limitation of the Study .............................................................................. 5
1.6 Operational Definition ............................................................................... 5
x
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Language Varieties..................................................................................... 7
2.2 Register ...................................................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Definition of Vertical Register ......................................................... 11
2.2.2 Types of Vertical Register ............................................................... 11
2.2.2.1 Frozen ........................................................................................... 11
2.2.2.2 Formal ........................................................................................... 12
2.2.2.3 Consultative .................................................................................. 12
2.2.2.4 Casual ............................................................................................ 13
2.2.2.5 Intimate ......................................................................................... 13
2.2.2 Context of Situation ......................................................................... 14
2.2.3 The Runaways .................................................................................. 15
2.2.4 The Bibliography of Floria Sigismondi ........................................... 16
2.3 Review of Previous Research..................................................................... 18
2.4 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 19
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
3.1 Design of the Research............................................................................... 20
3.2 Data and Data Source ................................................................................. 20
3.2.1 Data .................................................................................................. 20
3.2.2 Data Source ...................................................................................... 21
3.3 Data Collection........................................................................................... 21
3.4 Data Analysis ............................................................................................. 21
xi
CHAPTER 1V FINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 Analysis of Vertical Register and its Context of Situation in Joan Jett’s
Dialogues of The Runaways a Movie Script Written by Floria
Sigismondi ................................................................................................ 25
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
5.1 Types of Vertical Register and its Context of Situation in “The
Runaways” Movie Script by Floria Sigismondi ....................................... 51
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................. 61
6.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................. 62
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 63
APPENDICES ....................................................................................................
CURRICULUM VITAE .....................................................................................
STATEMENT SHEET ....................................................................................
xii
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
The Differences between Vertical Register and Horizontal Register .............. 2
2.1 The Differentiation between Register and Dialect ..................................... 8
3.2 The Example of the Analysis of Vertical Register..................................... 22
4.1 Analysis of Vertical Register in “The Runaways” Movie Script ............... 25
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
Picture
Page
4.1 Step Model of Deductive Category Application ........................................ 22
xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
Page
1. The Runaways’s DVD cover ..................................................................
2. The Runaways movie script ....................................................................
xv
63