T MTK 1202122 Table of Content

(1)

Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

TABLE OF CONTENT

Page

DECLARATION i

PREFACE ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii

ABSTRACT v

TABLE OF CONTENT vi

LIST OF PICTURES xii

LIST OF TABLES xiv

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS xv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 The Background 1

1.2 The Problem Identification and The Problem Formulation 7

1.3 The Research Objectives 8

1.4 The Research Benefits 8

CHAPTER II STUDY OF LITERATURE

2.1 Learning Obstacles 9

2.1.1 Ontogenic Obstacles 10

2.1.2 Didactical Obstacles 11

2.1.3 Epistemological Obstacles 11

2.2 Didactical Design Research 11

2.2.1 Didactical 11

2.2.2 Design Research 15

2.2.3 Didactical Design Research 16

2.3 Relevant Learning Theories 17

2.3.1 Piaget Learning Theory 17

2.3.2 Gagne Learning Theory 19

2.3.3 Ausubel Learning Theory 20

2.3.4 The Pythagorean Theorem 20


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

3.1 Research Method 25

3.2 Purposive Sampling 25

3.3. Research Procedures 25

3.3.1 The Preparation Phase 25

3.3.2 The Implementation Phase 26

3.3.3 The Planning Phase 26

3.4 Research Instrument 28

3.4.1 The Data Collection Techniques 28

3.4.1.1 Test 28

3.4.1.1.1 The Characteristic of Problem One 28

3.4.1.1.2 The Characteristic of Problem Two 28

3.4.1.1.3 The Characteristic of Problem Three 29

3.4.1.1.4 The Characteristic of Problem Four 29

3.4.1.1.5 The Characteristic of Problem Five 29

3.4.1.1.6 The Characteristic of Problem Six 30

3.5 Data Analysis Procedure 31

3.5.1 Data Analysis Technique 31

3.5.1.1 Data Reduction 31

3.5.1.2 Presentation of Data 31

3.5.1.3 Conclusion Withdrawal 32

3.5.2 Data Analysis Plan 32

3.5.3 Validation Method 32

3.5.3.1 Credibility Test 32

3.5.3.2 Transferability Test 32

3.5.3.3 Dependability Test 33

3.5.3.4 Confirmability Test 33

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.1 The General Descriptions of The Data 35

4.2 The Category of Data Based on Ontogenic Obstacles 36 4.2.1 The Influence of Algebraic Thinking on Ontogenic


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Obstacles 37

4.2.1.1 The First Obstacle in Problem Three 38

4.2.1.2 The Second Obstacle in Problem Three 40

4.2.1.3 The Third Obstacle in Problem Three 41

4.2.1.4 The Third Obstacle in Problem Three 42

4.2.2 The Influence of Geometry Ability on Ontogenic

Obstacles 43

4.2.2.1 The First Obstacle in Problem Five 45

4.2.2.2 The Second Obstacle in Problem Five 45

4.3 The Category of Data Based on Epistemological Obstacles 46 4.3.1 The Influence of Misconception on Epistemological

Obstacles 46

4.3.1.1 The First Obstacle in Problem One 47

4.3.1.2 The Second Obstacle in Problem One 49

4.3.1.3 The Third Obstacle in Problem One 50

4.3.1.4 The Third Obstacle in Problem One 50

4.3.1.5 The Third Obstacle in Problem One 51

4.3.2. The Influence of Implicit Information on

Epistemological Obstacles 53

4.3.2.1 The First Obstacle in Problem Three 54

4.3.2.2 The Second Obstacle in Problem Three 54

4.3.2.3 The Third Obstacle in Problem Three 55

4.3.3 The Influence of Visual Representation on

Epistemological Obstacles 56

4.3.3.1 The First Obstacle in Problem Three 57

4.3.3.2 The Second Obstacle in Problem Three 59

4.3.3.3 The Third Obstacle in Problem Three 59

4.4 Category of Data Based on Didactical Obstacles 63

4.4.1 The Influence of Verbalistis on Didactical Obstacles 63

4.4.1.1 The First Obstacle in Problem Two 66


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

4.4.1.3 The Third Obstacle in Problem Three 68

4.4.1.4 The Fourth Obstacle in Problem Three 69

4.4.1.5 The Fifth Obstacle in Problem Three 69

4.5 The Students’ Outcome Space of The Problems 71

4.5.1 The Outcome Space of Ontogenic Obstacles 71

4.5.2 The Outcome Space of Epistemological Obstacles 73

4.5.3 The Outcome Space of Didactical Obstacles 75

4.6 The Extraction of Research Findings and Mathematics Textbooks 76 4.6.1 The Analysis of Instructional Material Design of

Pythagorean Theorem in BPM1 77

4.6.2 The Analysis of Instructional Material Design of

Pythagorean Theorem in BPM2 78

4.6.3 The Analysis of Instructional Material Design of

Pythagorean Theorem in BPM3 80

4.6.4 The Analysis of Instructional Material Design of

Pythagorean Theorem in BPM4 81

4.6.5 The Analysis of Instructional Material Design of

Pythagorean Theorem in BPM5 82

4.6.6 The Extraction of Research Findings and The Analysis

of Mathematics Textbooks 83

4.7 Theoretical Arguments of The Instructional Material Design 84 4.7.1 Theoretical Arguments of The Instructional Material Design

For The First Meeting 84

4.7.1.1 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation One 84

4.7.1.2 The Didactical Arguments For Situation One 85

4.7.1.3 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Two 85

4.7.1.4 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Two 86

4.7.1.5 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Three 86

4.7.1.6 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Three 86

4.7.1.7 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Four 86


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

4.7.2 Theoretical Arguments of The Instructional Material Design

For The Second Meeting 88

4.7.2.1 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Five 88

4.7.2.2 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Five 88

4.7.2.3 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation six 89

4.7.2.4 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Six 89

4.7.2.5 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation

Seven and Eight 89

4.7.2.6 The Didactical Arguments For Situation

Seven and Eight 90

4.7.2.7 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Nine 90

4.7.2.8 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Nine 91

4.7.3 Theoretical Arguments of The Instructional Material Design

For The Third Meeting 91

4.7.3.1 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Ten 92

4.7.3.2 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Ten 92

4.7.3.3 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation eleven 92

4.7.3.4 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Eleven 92

4.7.3.5 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Twelve 93

4.7.3.6 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Twelve 93

4.7.3.7 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Thirteen 94

4.7.3.8 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Thirteen 94

4.7.4 Theoretical Arguments of The Instructional Material Design

For The Fourth Meeting 94

4.7.4.1 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Fourteen 94

4.7.4.2 The Didactical Arguments For Situation fourteen 95

4.7.4.3 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Fifteen 95

4.7.4.4 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Fifteen 95

4.7.4.5 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Sixteen 96

4.7.4.6 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Sixteen 96


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

4.7.4.8 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Seventeen 97

4.7.4.9 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Eighteen 98

4.7.4.10 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Eighteen 98

4.7.5 Theoretical Arguments of The Instructional Material Design

For The Fifth Meeting 98

4.7.5.1 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Nineteen 98

4.7.5.2 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Nineteen 98

4.7.5.3 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Twenty 99

4.7.5.4 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Twenty 99

4.7.5.5 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Twenty One 99

4.7.5.6 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Twenty One 100

4.7.5.7 The Conceptual Arguments For Situation Twenty Two 100

4.7.5.8 The Didactical Arguments For Situation Twenty Two 100

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion 101

5.2 Recommendation 103

5.2.1 Recommendations For Instructional Design 103

5.2.2 Recommendation For Advanced Research 103


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF PICTURES

Page

Picture 1.1 Metapedadidaktik Prism 4

Picture 2.1 Metapedadidaktik Prism 12

Picture 2.2 The Elaboration of Metapedadidaktik Prism 12

Picture 2.3 The Pythagorean Theorem 21

Picture 2.4 GED Sample Question 22

Picture 2.5 Students Common Errors 23

Picture 3.1 The Chart of Research Plan 27

Picture 4.1 The Chart of The Research Data Linkage 34

Picture 4.2 Problem Three 37

Picture 4.3 The Answer of S87 40

Picture 4.4 The Answer of S68 40

Picture 4.5 The Answer of S70 41

Picture 4.6 The Answer of S99 41

Picture 4.7 The Answer of S11 42

Picture 4.8 The Answer of S34 42

Picture 4.9 The Answer of S23 43

Picture 4.10 Problem Five 44

Picture 4.11 The Answer of S26 45

Picture 4.12 Problem One 47

Picture 4.13 The Answer of S22 51

Picture 4.14 The Answer of S67 52

Picture 4.15 Problem Four 53

Picture 4.16 The Answer of S99 55

Picture 4.17 The Answer of S62 55

Picture 4.18 The Answer of S79 55

Picture 4.19 The Answer of S93 56


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Picture 4.21 Problem Six 57

Picture 4.22 The Comparison of Angle-based

Right Triangle 58

Picture 4.23 The Answer of S92 58

Picture 4.24 The Answer of S62 59

Picture 4.25 The Answer of S66 59

Picture 4.26 The Answer of S79 59

Picture 4.27 The Answer of S77 60

Picture 4.28 The Answer of S86 61

Picture 4.29 The Answer of S74 61

Picture 4.30 The Answer of S52 62

Picture 4.31 The Answer of S51 62

Picture 4.32 The Answer of S61 63

Picture 4.33 Problem Two 64

Picture 4.34 The Right Triangle That Showed in

The Interview Session 65

Picture 4.35 The Answer of S47 68

Picture 4.36 The Answer of S88 71

Picture 4.36b The Venn Diagram of Research Results 75

Picture 4.37 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM1 78

Picture 4.38 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM2 79

Picture 4.39 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM3 80

Picture 4.40 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM4 81

Picture 4.41 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM5 82

Picture 4.42 Right Triangle in Exercise (1) 91


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table 4.1 The Outcome Space of Ontogenic Obstacles 71

Table 4.2 The Outcome Space of Epistemological Obstacles 73


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

Page

Attachment 1 Preliminary Observation Results 1 107

Attachment 2 Preliminary Observation Results 2 109

Attachment 3 Soal 113

Attachment 4 Lembar Jawaban 115

Attachment 5 Penyelesaian 116

Attachment 6 Jawaban S11 120

Attachment 7 Jawaban S37 121

Attachment 8 Jawaban S10 122

Attachment 9 Jawaban S27 123

Attachment 10 Jawaban S22 124

Attachment 11 Jawaban S53 125

Attachment 12 Jawaban S67 126

Attachment 13 Jawaban S62 127

Attachment 14 Jawaban S51 128

Attachment 15 Jawaban S74 129

Attachment 16 Jawaban S81 130

Attachment 17 Jawaban S47 131

Attachment 18 Jawaban S69 132

Attachment 19 Jawaban S87 133

Attachment 20 Jawaban S88 134

Attachment 21 Jawaban S91 135

Attachment 22 Jawaban S65 136

Attachment 23 Jawaban S63 137


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Attachment 25 Jawaban S87 139

Attachment 26 Jawaban S68 140

Attachment 27 Jawaban S70 141

Attachment 28 Jawaban S99 142

Attachment 29 Jawaban S11 143

Attachment 30 Jawaban S34 144

Attachment 31 Jawaban S23 145

Attachment 32 Jawaban S99 146

Attachment 33 Jawaban S62 147

Attachment 34 Jawaban S79 148

Attachment 35 Jawaban S93 149

Attachment 36 Jawaban S94 150

Attachment 37 Jawaban S99 151

Attachment 38 Jawaban S26 152

Attachment 39 Jawaban S92 153

Attachment 40 Jawaban S62 154

Attachment 41 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 1 155

Attachment 42 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 2 166

Attachment 43 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 3 170

Attachment 44 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 4 174

Attachment 45 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 5 177

Attachment 46 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 6 178

Attachment 47 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan I) 179

Attachment 48 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan II) 187

Attachment 49 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan III) 200

Attachment 50 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan IV) 211

Attachment 51 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan V) 244

Attachment 52 Dokumentasi Foto 256

Attachment 24 The Scanlation of Students’ Answers 267

Attachment 25 Validasi Soal Oleh Ahli I 278


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Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Attachment 27 Validasi Soal Oleh Ahli III 300

Attachment 28 Validasi Soal Oleh Ahli IV 311

Attachment 29 Validasi Soal Oleh Ahli V 322

Attachment 30 Surat Izin Penelitian 333

Attachment 31 Surat Bukti Penelitian Dari Sekolah I 334

Attachment 32 Surat Bukti Penelitian Dari Sekolah II 335


(1)

Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF PICTURES

Page

Picture 1.1 Metapedadidaktik Prism 4

Picture 2.1 Metapedadidaktik Prism 12

Picture 2.2 The Elaboration of Metapedadidaktik Prism 12

Picture 2.3 The Pythagorean Theorem 21

Picture 2.4 GED Sample Question 22

Picture 2.5 Students Common Errors 23

Picture 3.1 The Chart of Research Plan 27

Picture 4.1 The Chart of The Research Data Linkage 34

Picture 4.2 Problem Three 37

Picture 4.3 The Answer of S87 40

Picture 4.4 The Answer of S68 40

Picture 4.5 The Answer of S70 41

Picture 4.6 The Answer of S99 41

Picture 4.7 The Answer of S11 42

Picture 4.8 The Answer of S34 42

Picture 4.9 The Answer of S23 43

Picture 4.10 Problem Five 44

Picture 4.11 The Answer of S26 45

Picture 4.12 Problem One 47

Picture 4.13 The Answer of S22 51

Picture 4.14 The Answer of S67 52

Picture 4.15 Problem Four 53

Picture 4.16 The Answer of S99 55

Picture 4.17 The Answer of S62 55

Picture 4.18 The Answer of S79 55

Picture 4.19 The Answer of S93 56


(2)

Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Picture 4.21 Problem Six 57

Picture 4.22 The Comparison of Angle-based

Right Triangle 58

Picture 4.23 The Answer of S92 58

Picture 4.24 The Answer of S62 59

Picture 4.25 The Answer of S66 59

Picture 4.26 The Answer of S79 59

Picture 4.27 The Answer of S77 60

Picture 4.28 The Answer of S86 61

Picture 4.29 The Answer of S74 61

Picture 4.30 The Answer of S52 62

Picture 4.31 The Answer of S51 62

Picture 4.32 The Answer of S61 63

Picture 4.33 Problem Two 64

Picture 4.34 The Right Triangle That Showed in

The Interview Session 65

Picture 4.35 The Answer of S47 68

Picture 4.36 The Answer of S88 71

Picture 4.36b The Venn Diagram of Research Results 75

Picture 4.37 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM1 78

Picture 4.38 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM2 79

Picture 4.39 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM3 80

Picture 4.40 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM4 81

Picture 4.41 The Analysis of Instructional Material

Design of Pythagorean Theorem in BPM5 82

Picture 4.42 Right Triangle in Exercise (1) 91


(3)

Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table 4.1 The Outcome Space of Ontogenic Obstacles 71

Table 4.2 The Outcome Space of Epistemological Obstacles 73


(4)

Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

Page

Attachment 1 Preliminary Observation Results 1 107

Attachment 2 Preliminary Observation Results 2 109

Attachment 3 Soal 113

Attachment 4 Lembar Jawaban 115

Attachment 5 Penyelesaian 116

Attachment 6 Jawaban S11 120

Attachment 7 Jawaban S37 121

Attachment 8 Jawaban S10 122

Attachment 9 Jawaban S27 123

Attachment 10 Jawaban S22 124

Attachment 11 Jawaban S53 125

Attachment 12 Jawaban S67 126

Attachment 13 Jawaban S62 127

Attachment 14 Jawaban S51 128

Attachment 15 Jawaban S74 129

Attachment 16 Jawaban S81 130

Attachment 17 Jawaban S47 131

Attachment 18 Jawaban S69 132

Attachment 19 Jawaban S87 133

Attachment 20 Jawaban S88 134

Attachment 21 Jawaban S91 135

Attachment 22 Jawaban S65 136

Attachment 23 Jawaban S63 137


(5)

Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Attachment 25 Jawaban S87 139

Attachment 26 Jawaban S68 140

Attachment 27 Jawaban S70 141

Attachment 28 Jawaban S99 142

Attachment 29 Jawaban S11 143

Attachment 30 Jawaban S34 144

Attachment 31 Jawaban S23 145

Attachment 32 Jawaban S99 146

Attachment 33 Jawaban S62 147

Attachment 34 Jawaban S79 148

Attachment 35 Jawaban S93 149

Attachment 36 Jawaban S94 150

Attachment 37 Jawaban S99 151

Attachment 38 Jawaban S26 152

Attachment 39 Jawaban S92 153

Attachment 40 Jawaban S62 154

Attachment 41 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 1 155

Attachment 42 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 2 166

Attachment 43 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 3 170

Attachment 44 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 4 174

Attachment 45 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 5 177

Attachment 46 Transkrip Wawancara Soal Nomor 6 178

Attachment 47 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan I) 179

Attachment 48 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan II) 187

Attachment 49 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan III) 200

Attachment 50 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan IV) 211

Attachment 51 Design Bahan Ajar (Pertemuan V) 244

Attachment 52 Dokumentasi Foto 256

Attachment 24 The Scanlation of Students’ Answers 267

Attachment 25 Validasi Soal Oleh Ahli I 278


(6)

Maya L Hutapea, 2014

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OBSTACLES ON THE SUBJECT OF PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Attachment 27 Validasi Soal Oleh Ahli III 300

Attachment 28 Validasi Soal Oleh Ahli IV 311

Attachment 29 Validasi Soal Oleh Ahli V 322

Attachment 30 Surat Izin Penelitian 333

Attachment 31 Surat Bukti Penelitian Dari Sekolah I 334

Attachment 32 Surat Bukti Penelitian Dari Sekolah II 335