AN ANALYSIS OF COHESION FOUND IN THE MAIN ARTICLES IN THE ASIA 360 NEWS MAGAZINE An Analysis Of Cohesion Found In The Main Articles In The Asia 360 News Magazine.

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AN ANALYSIS OF COHESION FOUND IN THE MAIN ARTICLES
IN THE ASIA 360 NEWS MAGAZINE

RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department

Proposed by:
ATMI LESTIANI
A320080303

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2012

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MOTTO

Don’t say no before trying
(the writer)
Failure is success delayed
(the writer)
“Allah has been promise to faithful people man or woman, (will get) heaven
that under it flow the rivers, they are everlasting in it, and (get) the good place
in ‘Adn heaven. And blessing of Allah is bigger. That is lodly victory.”
(QS. AT-TAUBAH : 72)

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SUMMARY
Atmi Lestiani. A 320 080 303. ANALYSIS OF COHESION FOUND IN THE
MAIN ARTICLES IN THE ASIA 360 NEWS MAGAZINE. Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta. Research Paper. 2012.
The study is about describing cohesion found in the main articles in the
Asia 360 News Magazine. The objective of this research are to describe the
lexical cohesion and grammatical cohesion in the main articles in the Asia 360
News Magazine.
This research is a descriptive qualitative study which analyzes the
elements of cohesions of the main articles. The data are sentences which include
the lexiical and grammatical cohesions found on the main article in the Asia News
360 Magazine. The researcher collects the data by reading the articles, coding,

making list on lexical and grammatical cohesion in the articles, and describing the
lexical and grammatical cohesions toward Main Articles in the Asia News 360
Magazine based on Halliday and Hasan’s theory.
The result shows that the cohesive devices in the Main Articlesinclude the
grammatical and lexical cohesions. The grammatical cohesions consists of
reference: (1) personal reference 27,39% and demonstrative reference 4,56%, (2)
conjunction; coordinating conjunction 24,56%, subordinating conjunction 21,74%
and correlation conjunction 0,22%, (3) Ellipsis 6,52% and (4) substitution 3,26%
while the lexical cohesions consists of (1) Repetition 8,26%, antonym 0,87%,
synonym 2,39%, and hyponym 0,22%. In the articles, the use of grammatical
cohesions are higher than the lexical cohesions.
Keywords: grammatical cohesion, lexical cohesion and Main articles in the Asia
360 News Magazine.
First Consultant

Second Consultant

Dra. Malikatul Laila, M.hum
NIK. 409

Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.hum
NIK. 477

Dean,

Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
NIK.547

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DEDICATION

With love the research is dedicated to:
The Greatest Ones in the world Allah SWT and his Prophet
Muhammad SAW
My beloved Mother and Father for their prayer, advice, support, love
and help
My beloved Brother, Sisters and Nephew
My beloved Soulmate, for his love, support and prayer
My beloved friends

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulilah hirobbil’alamin, Praise and Gratitude to the Most Gracious and
Most Merciful, Allah SWT for blessing the researcher in perfoming this research
paper, under the title of “An Analysis of Cohesion Found on the Main Articles
in the Asia 360 News Magazines”. This is the one of the requirements for getting
the bachelor degree in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
Besides, the writer would like to express his deepest gratitude to the
people who have ever in getting through this research paper by their support,
advices and even criticsm they are:
1.

Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si, the Dean of the School of Teacher Training and

Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,

2.

Titis Setyabudi S.S, M.Hum, the Head of English Department of School of
Teacher Training and Education and the academic of advisor of class H who
has given advice and share more four years,

3.

Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum, the first consultant who patiently has given
him a very helpful guidance, a greatest spare time to give advice in
completing this research paper,
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4.

Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum, the second consultant research paper and person

who has examined her research carefully and gives her motivation in creating
her research,

5.

All lectures in English Department who have shared and given their
knowledge to the writer in mastering English,

6.

All of Librarians in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving
permissions and privilige to obtain the required references.

7.

Her beloved mother “Lasinem” and father “Sumino” for support, advice,
attention, spirit, praying, care and great love, love them so much,

8.

Her old brother “Angga Lesmana” and his little family (”Dewi Wuridha
and my beloved nephew “Yudhistira Fitra Alamsyah”) and her young
brother “Gatra Pamungkas” for love, attention, happiness and support,

9.

Her beloved soulmate “Muhamad Sidiq” for love, attention, care, time,
support and spirit to finish this research paper, thanks you so much,

10. Her beloved friends “Diana, Yeny, and Asta” for attention, support, praying
and spirit,
11. Her friends “Kost Anugrah” (Eny, Syepa, Gendhis, Rossi, Retno, and all
that can’t be mentioned one by one), for attention, support, praying and
happiness more four years,
12. Her friends “ The Koplagh” (Ida Octa, Tikha Cebonk, Lilia Asmoluty,
Amaa Aqueena and Ndug Neena Karlina) for happiness, support, care, and
praying, the koplagh is the best guys,

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13. Her friends and all that love me and I love them that can’t be mentioned one
by one, thanks all.
14. Finally, her beloved readers.
Wassalamualaikum wr. wb
Surakarta,

October 2012
The writer

ATMI LESTIANI
A 320 080 303

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DAFTAR ISI
COVER................................................................................................................

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APPROVAL ........................................................................................................

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ACCEPTANCE ..................................................................................................

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SUMMARY .........................................................................................................

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TESTIMONY......................................................................................................

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MOTTO ...............................................................................................................

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DEDICATION ....................................................................................................

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................

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TABLE OF CONTENT .....................................................................................

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LIST OF TABLE ................................................................................................ xviii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
A.

Background of the Study ..............................................

1

B.

Previous Study ...............................................................

5

C.

Limitation of the Study .................................................

6

D.

Problem Statement ........................................................

6

E.

Objective of the Study ...................................................

6

F.

Benefit of the Study..................................................... ..

7

G.

Research Paper Organization ......................................

8

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CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Text ................................................................... 9
B.

Notion of Discourse .......................................................... 10

C. Type of Discourse ............................................................. 10
1.

Based on the form used in communication ........... 10
a. Written discourse ............................................... 10
b. Spoken discourse ................................................. 11

2.

Based on the participants in communication ......... 12
a. Monologue ........................................................... 12
b. Dialogue ............................................................... 12
c. Pollilogue .............................................................. 12

3.

Based on the purpose of communication ................ 13
a. Descriptive Text .................................................. 13
b. Exposition Text.................................................... 14
c. Argumentative Text ............................................ 14
d. Persuasion Text ................................................... 15
e. Narrative Text............................................. ........ 16

D. Discourse Analysis ........................................................... 17
E.

Cohesion............................................................................. 18
a. Definition of Cohesion ................................................ 18
b. Type of Cohesion........................................................ . 18
1) Grammatical Cohesion.......................................... 18
a) Reference............................................................ 18
(1) Personal Reference....................................... 19
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(2) Demonstrative Reference............................ 19
(3) Comparative Reference............................... 19
b) Substitution........................................................ 19
(1) Nominal Substitution........................... ....... 20
(2) Verbal Substitution...................................... 20
(3) Clausal Substitution.................................... 20
c) Ellipsis................................................................ 20
(1) Nominal Ellipsis........................................... 20
(2) Verbal Ellipsis.............................................. 21
(3) Clausal Ellipsis.............................................. 21
d) Conjunction....................................................... 21
(1) Coordinating Conjunction.......................... 21
(2) Subordinating Conjunction......................... 22
(3) Correlative conjunction............................... 22
2) Lexical Cohesion.................................................... 23
a) Reiteration......................................................... 23
(1) Repetition.................................................... . 23
(2) Synonymy ..................................................... 23
(3) Hyponymy................................................ .... 24
(4) Metonymy..................................................... 24
(5) Antonymy.................................................. ... 24
b) Collocation......................................................... 24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Typof Research ............................................................. 26
B.

Object of Research ........................................................ 26
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C. Data and Data Source ................................................... 26
D. Technique for Collecting Data .................................... 27
E.

Technique for Analyzing Data ..................................... 27

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. Research Finding ........................................................... 28
1. Grammatical Cohesion
Data 1
1)

2)

Reference ........................................................... 28
a)

Personal Reference ................................... 29

b)

Demonstrative Reference ......................... 31

Conjunction ....................................................... 32
a)

Coordinating Conjunction ....................... 32

b)

Subordinating Conjunction ..................... 34

3)

Ellipsis................................................................ 36

4)

Substitution ....................................................... 37

Data 2
1)

2)

Reference ........................................................... 38
a)

Personal Reference ................................... 38

b)

Demonstrative Reference ......................... 40

Conjunction ....................................................... 41
a)

Coordinating Conjunction ....................... 41

b)

Subordinating Conjunction ..................... 43

3)

Ellipsis................................................................ 45

4)

Substitution ....................................................... 46

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Data 3
1)

2)

Reference ........................................................... 47
a)

Personal Reference ................................... 47

b)

Demonstrative Reference ......................... 49

Conjunction ....................................................... 50
a)

Coordinating Conjunction ....................... 50

b)

Subordinating Conjunction ..................... 51

3)

Ellipsis................................................................ 52

4)

Substitution ....................................................... 54

Data 4
1)

2)

Reference ........................................................... 54
a)

Personal Reference ................................... 54

b)

Demonstrative Reference ......................... 56

Conjunction ....................................................... 57
a)

Coordinating Conjunction ....................... 57

b)

Subordinating Conjunction ..................... 58

3)

Ellipsis................................................................ 61

4)

Substitution ....................................................... 62

Data 5
1)

2)

Reference ........................................................... 63
a)

Personal Reference ................................... 64

b)

Demonstrative Reference ......................... 66

Conjunction ....................................................... 67
a)

Coordinating Conjunction ....................... 67

b)

Subordinating Conjunction ..................... 69

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3)

Ellipsis................................................................ 72

4)

Substitution ....................................................... 73

Data 6
1)

2)

Reference ........................................................... 76
a)

Personal Reference ................................... 76

b)

Demonstrative Reference ......................... 76

Conjunction ....................................................... 77
a)

Coordinating Conjunction ....................... 77

b)

Subordinating Conjunction ..................... 79

3)

Ellipsis................................................................ 81

4)

Substitution ....................................................... 82

Data 7
1)

2)

3)
2.

Reference ........................................................... 83
a)

Personal Reference ................................... 83

b)

Demonstrative Reference ......................... 85

Conjunction ....................................................... 86
a)

Coordinating Conjunction ....................... 86

b)

Subordinating Conjunction ..................... 87

c)

Correlation Conjunction .......................... 89

Substitution ....................................................... 91

Lexical Cohesion
Data 1
1)

Repetition .......................................................... 92

2)

Synonym ............................................................ 94

3)

Hyponym ........................................................... 95

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Data 2
1)

Repetition .......................................................... 96

2)

Antonym ........................................................... 97

Data 3
1)

Repetition .......................................................... 98

2)

Synonym ............................................................ 99

Data 4
1)

Repetition .......................................................... 100

2)

Synonym ........................................................... 103

Data 5
1)

Repetition ......................................................... 105

2)

Synonym ............................................................ 106

3)

Antonym ........................................................... 107

Data 6
1)

Repetition .......................................................... 108

2)

Antonym ............................................................ 110

Data 7
1)

Repetition .......................................................... 111

2)

Antonym ............................................................ 113

B. Discussion ......................................................................... 114
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ........................................................................

124

B.

Suggestion .........................................................................

125

BIBLIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................

127

APPENDIX ........................................................................................................

128

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LIST OF THE TABLE
A. Research Finding
1. Grammatical Cohesion
Data 1
Table 1. 1 ........................................................................................... 32
Table 1. 2 .......................................................................................... 35
Table 1. 3 ........................................................................................... 37
Table 1. 4 ........................................................................................... 37
Data 2
Table 2. 1 ........................................................................................... 41
Table 2. 2 .......................................................................................... 44
Table 2. 3 ........................................................................................... 46
Table 2. 4 ........................................................................................... 46
Data 3
Table 3. 1 ........................................................................................... 49
Table 3. 2 .......................................................................................... 52
Table 3. 3 ........................................................................................... 53

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Table 3. 4 ........................................................................................... 54
Data 4
Table 4. 1 ........................................................................................... 56
Table 4. 2 .......................................................................................... 60
Table 4. 3 ........................................................................................... 62
Table 4. 4 ........................................................................................... 63
Data 5
Table 5. 1 ........................................................................................... 66
Table 5. 2 .......................................................................................... 71
Table 5. 3 ........................................................................................... 73
Table 5. 4 ........................................................................................... 74
Data 6
Table 6. 1 ........................................................................................... 77
Table 6. 2 .......................................................................................... 80
Table 6. 3 ........................................................................................... 82
Table 6. 4 ........................................................................................... 82

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Data 7
Table 7. 1 ........................................................................................... 86
Table 7. 2 .......................................................................................... 90
Table 7. 3 ........................................................................................... 91
2. Lexical Cohesion
Table 1 .............................................................................................. 95
Table 2 ............................................................................................... 97
Table 3 ............................................................................................... 100
Table 4 ............................................................................................... 104
Table 5 ............................................................................................... 107
Table 6 ............................................................................................... 110
Table 7 ............................................................................................... 114
B. Discussion
Table 4. 1 ................................................................................................ 115
Table 4. 2 ................................................................................................ 119
Table 4. 3 ................................................................................................ 122
Table 4. 4 ................................................................................................ 123

 
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