ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN CAR POOLING SYSTEM STUDI KASUS : POOL TRAC (ASTRA RENT A CAR) PT. SERASI AUTORAYA - Binus e-Thesis
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Program Studi Sistem Informasi
Skripsi Sarjana Komputer
Semester Ganjil tahun 2007/2008
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN CAR POOLING SYSTEM
Studi Kasus: Pool TRAC (ASTRA RENT A CAR) PT SERASI AUTORAYA
MARINI 0800736781
SOVIAYANTY 0800761051
VIRNELLYA 0800761146
AbstrakPT SERASI AUTORAYA menyediakan jasa penyewaan mobil melalui TRAC. Mengingat banyaknya permintaan yang diterima TRAC melalui pool setiap harinya, TRAC perlu melakukan pengaturan yang baik pada pool dengan menerapkan sistem informasi. Tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah menghasilkan sistem informasi yang mampu memfasilitasi kegiatan operasional TRAC di pool, khususnya dalam menerima permintaan pelanggan dan mengalokasikan driver pada permintaan tersebut secara optimal. Metode yang digunakan diantaranya metode pengumpulan data, yakni penelitian lapangan dan kepustakaan, serta metode Unified Process dalam melakukan analisis dan perancangan Car Pooling System (CPS). Hasil yang dicapai dari analisis dan perancangan merupakan sebuah sistem informasi (prototype) Car Pooling System (CPS) yang memiliki fungsi khusus untuk mengoptimalkan pengalokasian driver pada permintaan pelanggan. Kesimpulannya adalah dengan menerapkan Car Pooling System (CPS), kegiatan operasional di pool dapat dilakukan dengan lebih mudah dan efisien, dan pengalokasian driver pada permintaan pelanggan menjadi optimal. Hal tersebut merupakan keunggulan kompetitif yang mampu meningkatkan nilai TRAC dalam menghadapi persaingan bisnis yang kini semakin ketat.
Kata Kunci: Car, Pool, System, Unified Process. iv
PRAKATA
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, atas selesainya penulisan skripsi ini dalam rangka memenuhi persyaratan penyelesaian Jenjang Strata-1 di Universitas Bina Nusantara, Jakarta.
Pada kesempatan ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan rasa terima kasih atas segala dukungan, nasehat, petunjuk, doa, saran, dan bimbingan serta kesempatan yang telah diberikan selama penulisan skripsi ini. Ucapan terima kasih ini penulis tujukan kepada:
1. Bapak Prof.Dr.Gerardus Polla,M.App.Sc, selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara, Jakarta.
2. Bapak Ir. Sablin Yusuf, M.Sc, M.Comp.Sc, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Komputer.
3. Bapak Johan, S.Kom., MM, selaku Ketua Jurusan Sistem Informasi dan pembimbing selama penulisan skripsi ini..
4. Bapak Siswono, S.Kom., MM, yang telah menyediakan waktu dan informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk penulisan skripsi.
5. Bapak Suparto Darudiato, S.Kom., MM, yang telah memberikan referensi tambahan kepada penulis.
6. Dosen-dosen BINUS UNIVERSITY yang telah membimbing selama perkuliahan sehingga banyak memberikan masukan kepada penulis untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini.
7. Ibu Dona Amelia Pramana, selaku Project Manager Car Pooling System PT Serasi Autoraya.
8. Bapak Syam Wasito, selaku Information System Development Head PT Serasi Autoraya.
9. Seluruh keluarga penulis yang telah memberikan dukungan dan semangat dalam penulisan skripsi ini.
10. Bapak dan Ibu serta rekan-rekan asisten di Laboratorium Sistem Informasi dan Akuntansi yang telah memberikan bantuan, dorongan dan semangat kepada penulis (Yuliana Lisanti, I Gusti Made Karmawan, William Suryadinata, Devyano Luhukay, Arta Moro Sundjaja, Vini Mariani).
11. Teman-teman penulis yang telah memberikan bantuan, dukungan, dorongan, dan saran kepada penulis, khususnya Cahyadi, dan teman-teman yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu.
12. Semua pihak yang telah banyak membantu penyusunan skripsi ini baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung yang mungkin terlewatkan dan tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu.
Penulis menyadari bahwa masih terdapat banyak kekurangan dalam penulisan skripsi ini. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun dan dapat lebih mengembangkan wawasan serta pengetahuan yang lebih baik. Akhir kata penulis berharap skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pihak-pihak yang membutuhkan.
Jakarta, Januari 2008 Penulis
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Judul Luar ..................................................................................................i Halaman Judul Dalam...............................................................................................ii Halaman Persetujuan Hardcover...............................................................................iii Abstrak .....................................................................................................................iv Prakata......................................................................................................................v Daftar Isi...................................................................................................................vii Daftar Gambar ..........................................................................................................xi Daftar Tabel..............................................................................................................xiv Daftar Lampiran........................................................................................................xv
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang...................................................................................1
1.2 Ruang Lingkup ..................................................................................3
1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat ...........................................................................3
1.4 Metodologi ........................................................................................4
1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................5
BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Sistem Informasi................................................................................7
2.1.1 Pengertian Sistem Informasi......................................................7
2.1.2 Sumber Daya Sistem Informasi .................................................7
2.1.3 Kegiatan Dasar Sistem Informasi ..............................................8
2.1.4 Pengertian Sistem .....................................................................9
2.2 Pool ...................................................................................................10
2.2.1 Pengertian Pool ........................................................................10
2.2.2 Pengertian Car Pooling ............................................................10
2.3 Pengertian Penjadwalan .....................................................................11
2.4 Unified Process .................................................................................11
2.4.1 Fase .........................................................................................13
2.4.2 UP Disciplines .........................................................................14
2.4.3 Tahapan dalam UP ....................................................................14
2.4.4 Jenis-Jenis Class dalam UP .......................................................17
2.4.5 Requirements ...........................................................................18
2.4.6 Use Case ..................................................................................19
2.4.7 Use Case Diagram ...................................................................21
2.4.8 Domain Model .........................................................................22
2.4.9 Sequence Diagram ....................................................................23
2.4.10 Design Class Diagram ...........................................................24
2.5 Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer ......................................................27
2.5.1 Pengertian IMK ........................................................................27
2.5.2 User Interface ...........................................................................27
2.5.3 Delapan Aturan Emas Perancangan User Interface....................27
BAB 3 ANALISIS SISTEM YANG BERJALAN
3.1.1 Sejarah Perusahaan ...................................................................30
3.1.2 Visi dan Misi Perusahaan ..........................................................31
3.1.3 Alamat Perusahaan....................................................................31
3.2 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan, Wewenang, dan Tanggung Jawab....32
3.2.1 Struktur Organisasi ...................................................................32
3.2.2 Wewenang dan Tanggung Jawab...............................................33
3.3 Proses Bisnis Saat Ini.........................................................................35
3.3.1 Deskripsi Teks ..........................................................................35
3.3.2 Rich Picture ..............................................................................37
3.4 Permasalahan yang Dihadapi .............................................................38
3.5 Usulan Pemecahan Masalah...............................................................38
BAB 4 RANCANGAN SISTEM YANG DIUSULKAN
4.1 Tahapan Inception .............................................................................40
4.1.1 Vision and Business Case..........................................................40
4.1.1.1 Vision ............................................................................40
4.1.1.2 Business Case................................................................43
4.1.2 Executive Summary ...................................................................44
4.1.3 Glossary....................................................................................44
4.1.4 Use Case Model ........................................................................47
4.1.4.1 Aktor.............................................................................47
4.1.4.2 Use Case .......................................................................47
4.1.5 Suplementary Specification .......................................................73
4.1.7 Risk List and Risk Management Plan.........................................77
4.1.8 Prototypes and Proof-of-concepts .............................................78
4.1.9 Iteration Plan............................................................................81
4.1.10 Development Case...................................................................82
4.2 Tahapan Elaboration .........................................................................84
4.2.1 Use Case Model ........................................................................84
4.2.2 Domain Model ..........................................................................85
4.2.3 Design Model............................................................................89
4.2.3.1 Sequence Diagram.........................................................89
4.2.3.2 Class Diagram...............................................................102
4.2.4 Data Model ...............................................................................108
4.2.5 Struktur Basis Data ...................................................................109
4.2.6 UI Prototype .............................................................................115
BAB 5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1 Simpulan .................................................................................................144
5.2 Saran .......................................................................................................145 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...............................................................................................147 DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP ..................................................................................149 HASIL WAWANCARA...........................................................................................L1 FORMAT LAPORAN ..............................................................................................L10 SURAT SURVEY ....................................................................................................L21
Daftar Tabel
Tabel 2.1 Artifact dalam Inception ............................................................................ 15Tabel 2.2 Artifact dalam Elaboration ........................................................................ 16Tabel 2.3 Fully Dressed Template............................................................................. 20Tabel 4.1 Deskripsi Conseptual Class....................................................................... 86Tabel 4.2 Deskripsi Class ......................................................................................... 103Tabel 4.3 TAttendance.............................................................................................. 109Tabel 4.4 TCancelOrder............................................................................................ 109Tabel 4.5 TCRF ........................................................................................................ 110Tabel 4.6 TDJF......................................................................................................... 111Tabel 4.7 TDriver ..................................................................................................... 111Tabel 4.8 TGantiDriver............................................................................................. 111Tabel 4.9 THourly .................................................................................................... 112Tabel 4.10 TKategoriRusak ...................................................................................... 112Tabel 4.11 TPairing ................................................................................................. 112Tabel 4.12 TPIC_RCC ............................................................................................. 113Tabel 4.13 TUnit ...................................................................................................... 113Tabel 4.14 TUnitDamage.......................................................................................... 113Tabel 4.15 TUnitDamageDetail ................................................................................ 114Tabel 4.16 TGantiUnit .............................................................................................. 114
Daftar Gambar
Gambar 2.1 Sumber Daya Sistem Informasi.............................................................. 8Gambar 2.2 Kegiatan Dasar Sistem Informasi........................................................... 9Gambar 2.3 UP Disciplines....................................................................................... 13Gambar 2.4 Notasi Use Case Diagram ..................................................................... 22Gambar 2.5 Notasi Domain Model............................................................................ 23Gambar 2.6 Notasi Sequence Diagram...................................................................... 24Gambar 2.7 Notasi Multiplicity................................................................................. 26Gambar 2.8 Notasi Design Class Diagram................................................................ 26Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi PT. Serasi Autoraya ............................................... 32Gambar 3.2 Struktur Organisasi Pool TRAC ............................................................ 33Gambar 3.3 Rich Picture Proses Bisnis Saat Ini ........................................................ 37Gambar 4.1 Iterative and Incremental Process ........................................................ 81Gambar 4.2 Unified Process Disciplines ................................................................... 81Gambar 4.3 Use Case Diagram ............................................................................... 84Gambar 4.4 Domain Model ...................................................................................... 85Gambar 4.5 Sequence Diagram Absensi Driver ....................................................... 89Gambar 4.6 Sequence Diagram Mengelola Kerusakan Unit ...................................... 90Gambar 4.7 Sequence Diagram Pairing.................................................................... 91Gambar 4.8 Sequence Diagram Switch Driver .......................................................... 92Gambar 4.9 Sequence Diagram Switch Unit.............................................................. 93Gambar 4.10 Sequence Diagram Membuat CRF....................................................... 94Gambar 4.11 Sequence Diagram Mengubah CRF ..................................................... 95Gambar 4.12 Sequence Diagram Dispatching........................................................... 96Gambar 4.13 Sequence Diagram Membuat DJF........................................................ 97Gambar 4.14 Sequence Diagram Menutup DJF ........................................................ 98Gambar 4.15 Sequence Diagram Membatalkan Pesanan........................................... 99Gambar 4.16 Sequence Diagram Switch Dispatching ............................................... 100Gambar 4.17 Sequence Diagram Memonitor Transaksi ............................................ 101Gambar 4.18 Class Diagram..................................................................................... 102Gambar 4.19 Data Model ......................................................................................... 108Gambar 4.20 UI Prototype Login.............................................................................. 115Gambar 4.21 UI Prototype Main Menu..................................................................... 116Gambar 4.22 UI Prototype Driver Attendance .......................................................... 117Gambar 4.23 UI Prototype Driver Absence............................................................... 119Gambar 4.24 UI Prototype Pairing (Manual Pairing)............................................... 120Gambar 4.25 UI Prototype Pairing (Auto Generate) ................................................. 121Gambar 4.26 UI Prototype Unit Damage.................................................................. 123Gambar 4.27 UI Prototype Unit Damage (Change Status) ....................................... 124Gambar 4.28 UI Prototype Switch Unit..................................................................... 126Gambar 4.29 UI Prototype Switch Driver ................................................................. 128Gambar 4.30 UI Prototype CRF................................................................................ 130Gambar 4.31 UI Prototype Cancel Order.................................................................. 132Gambar 4.32 UI Prototype Auto Dispatch................................................................. 133Gambar 4.33 UI Prototype Release CRF................................................................... 134Gambar 4.34 UI Prototype Close DJF....................................................................... 136Gambar 4.35 UI Prototype Update CRF ................................................................... 137Gambar 4.36 UI Prototype Switch Dispatch.............................................................. 138Gambar 4.37 UI Prototype Report ............................................................................ 139Gambar 4.38 UI Prototype Report ............................................................................ 140Gambar 4.39 UI Prototype Memonitor Transaksi...................................................... 142
Daftar Lampiran
Hasil Wawancara ..................................................................................................... L1 Format Laporan........................................................................................................ L10