S ING 1102731 Table of Content
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Approval .......................................................................................................................... ii
Statement of Authorization ....................................................................................................iii
Preface ...................................................................................................................................... iv
Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................... v
Abstract ................................................................................................................................... vii
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. viii
List of Tables .......................................................................................................................... xii
List of Figures....................................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Research Questions .......................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Aims of the Study ............................................................................................................. 3
1.4 Significance of the Study ................................................................................................. 4
1.5 Scope of the Study............................................................................................................ 4
1.6 Clarification of Terms ...................................................................................................... 4
1.7 Organization of the Paper ................................................................................................. 5
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FOUNDATION
2.1 Bilingualism ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Bilingualism in Indonesia .......................................................................................... 8
2.2 Code Switching ................................................................................................................. 9
2.2.1 Types of Code Switching ........................................................................................ 10
2.2.2 Purpose of Code Switching ..................................................................................... 12
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.2.3 Function of Code Switching .................................................................................... 13
2.2.4 Reason of Code Switching ...................................................................................... 14
2.3 Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms ......................................................................... 16
2.3.1 Code Switching in Indonesian Classrooms….…………………………………... 18
2.3.2 The Important of Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms ..................................... 19
2.4 Teachers’ Motives of Using Code Switching in the Classrooms ................................... 20
2.5 Attitudes towards Code Switching.................................................................................. 22
2.5.1 The Concepts of Attitudes ....................................................................................... 22
2.5.2 The View of Attitudes ............................................................................................. 23
2.6 Previous Study ................................................................................................................ 24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Questions ........................................................................................................ 27
3.2 Research Designs ........................................................................................................... 27
3.3 Research Site and Participants ....................................................................................... 28
3.4 Data Collections ............................................................................................................. 29
3.4.1 Observation ............................................................................................................. 29
3.4.2 Interview .................................................................................................................. 30
3.4.3 Questionnaire........................................................................................................... 31
3.5 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................. 32
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 Types of Code Switching Mostly Used in the Classrooms…….……………………... 34
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.1.1 Tag Switching…………………………………………………………………… 35
4.1.2 Intersentential Switching………………………………………………………... 36
4.1.3 Intrasentential Switching………………………………………………………... 38
4.2 Teachers’ Motives of Using Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms………………. 39
4.2.1 Explaining Difficult Concepts………………………………………………….. 40
4.2.2 Explaining Grammar Explicitly………………………………………………… 40
4.2.3 Checking Students’ Comprehension……………………………………………. 41
4.2.4 Organizing Classroom Tasks…………………………………………………… 41
4.2.5 Introducing Unfamiliar Materials………………………………………………. 42
4.2.6 Drawing Students’ Attention to the Correct Pronunciation…………………….. 43
4.2.7 Maintaining Classroom Discipline……………………………………………... 44
4.2.8 Providing Praise about Students’ Performance…………………………………. 46
4.2.9 Encouraging Students’ Participation……………………………………………. 46
4.2.10 Building Relationship between Teachers and Students……………………..… 47
4.2.11 Reducing Students’ Anxiety in Learning English……………………………... 48
4.2.12 Increasing Students’ Motivation and Confidence in English………………..… 49
4.2.13 Giving the Example……………………………………………………………. 50
4.2.14 Joking with the Students……………………………………………………….. 50
4.2.15 Confirming Something……………………………………………………….... 51
4.2.16 Strengthening Students’ Understanding……………………………………..… 52
4.3 Students’ Attitudes towards the Use of Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms….... 53
4.3.1 Students’ Attitudes towards Using Monolingual or Code Switching in
Teaching……………………………………………………………………….... 53
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.3.2 The Effects of Code Switching on the Teachers’ Images among the Students..... 54
4.3.3 The Students’ Views about the Medium of Instruction………………………..... 55
4.3.4 The Effects of Code Switching on L1 and L2………………………………...… 56
4.3.5 The Effects of Code Switching on Passing the Exams………………………….. 56
4.4 Teachers’ Opinion towards the Use of Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms……. 57
4.4.1 Level of the Students……………………………………………………………. 58
4.4.2 Students’ Competency………………………………………………………...… 59
4.4.3 Teachers’ Competency………………………………………………………..… 60
4.4.4 Discussions Topic……………………………………………………………….. 60
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………... 64
5.2 Suggestions…………………………………………………………………………… 65
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………. 67
APPENDIXES
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
List of Figures
Figure 1. The percentage of teachers’ switch in Bina Nusantara University........................... 19
Figure 2. Teachers’ motives of using code switching.............................................................. 21
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
List of Tables
Table 4.1. The occurrence of code switching types in first and second meeting .................... 35
Table 4.3.1. Students’ attitudes towards using monolingual or code switching in teaching ... 53
Table 4.3.2. The effects of code switching on the teachers’ images among the
students……........................................................................................................................... 54
Table 4.3.3. The students’ views about the medium of instruction …………………..……. 55
Table 4.3.4. The effect of code switching on L1 and L2 ………..…………………………. 56
Table 4.3.5. The effect of code switching on passing the exams ..………………………… 57
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Page Approval .......................................................................................................................... ii
Statement of Authorization ....................................................................................................iii
Preface ...................................................................................................................................... iv
Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................... v
Abstract ................................................................................................................................... vii
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. viii
List of Tables .......................................................................................................................... xii
List of Figures....................................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Research Questions .......................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Aims of the Study ............................................................................................................. 3
1.4 Significance of the Study ................................................................................................. 4
1.5 Scope of the Study............................................................................................................ 4
1.6 Clarification of Terms ...................................................................................................... 4
1.7 Organization of the Paper ................................................................................................. 5
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FOUNDATION
2.1 Bilingualism ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Bilingualism in Indonesia .......................................................................................... 8
2.2 Code Switching ................................................................................................................. 9
2.2.1 Types of Code Switching ........................................................................................ 10
2.2.2 Purpose of Code Switching ..................................................................................... 12
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.2.3 Function of Code Switching .................................................................................... 13
2.2.4 Reason of Code Switching ...................................................................................... 14
2.3 Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms ......................................................................... 16
2.3.1 Code Switching in Indonesian Classrooms….…………………………………... 18
2.3.2 The Important of Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms ..................................... 19
2.4 Teachers’ Motives of Using Code Switching in the Classrooms ................................... 20
2.5 Attitudes towards Code Switching.................................................................................. 22
2.5.1 The Concepts of Attitudes ....................................................................................... 22
2.5.2 The View of Attitudes ............................................................................................. 23
2.6 Previous Study ................................................................................................................ 24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Questions ........................................................................................................ 27
3.2 Research Designs ........................................................................................................... 27
3.3 Research Site and Participants ....................................................................................... 28
3.4 Data Collections ............................................................................................................. 29
3.4.1 Observation ............................................................................................................. 29
3.4.2 Interview .................................................................................................................. 30
3.4.3 Questionnaire........................................................................................................... 31
3.5 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................. 32
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 Types of Code Switching Mostly Used in the Classrooms…….……………………... 34
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.1.1 Tag Switching…………………………………………………………………… 35
4.1.2 Intersentential Switching………………………………………………………... 36
4.1.3 Intrasentential Switching………………………………………………………... 38
4.2 Teachers’ Motives of Using Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms………………. 39
4.2.1 Explaining Difficult Concepts………………………………………………….. 40
4.2.2 Explaining Grammar Explicitly………………………………………………… 40
4.2.3 Checking Students’ Comprehension……………………………………………. 41
4.2.4 Organizing Classroom Tasks…………………………………………………… 41
4.2.5 Introducing Unfamiliar Materials………………………………………………. 42
4.2.6 Drawing Students’ Attention to the Correct Pronunciation…………………….. 43
4.2.7 Maintaining Classroom Discipline……………………………………………... 44
4.2.8 Providing Praise about Students’ Performance…………………………………. 46
4.2.9 Encouraging Students’ Participation……………………………………………. 46
4.2.10 Building Relationship between Teachers and Students……………………..… 47
4.2.11 Reducing Students’ Anxiety in Learning English……………………………... 48
4.2.12 Increasing Students’ Motivation and Confidence in English………………..… 49
4.2.13 Giving the Example……………………………………………………………. 50
4.2.14 Joking with the Students……………………………………………………….. 50
4.2.15 Confirming Something……………………………………………………….... 51
4.2.16 Strengthening Students’ Understanding……………………………………..… 52
4.3 Students’ Attitudes towards the Use of Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms….... 53
4.3.1 Students’ Attitudes towards Using Monolingual or Code Switching in
Teaching……………………………………………………………………….... 53
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.3.2 The Effects of Code Switching on the Teachers’ Images among the Students..... 54
4.3.3 The Students’ Views about the Medium of Instruction………………………..... 55
4.3.4 The Effects of Code Switching on L1 and L2………………………………...… 56
4.3.5 The Effects of Code Switching on Passing the Exams………………………….. 56
4.4 Teachers’ Opinion towards the Use of Code Switching in the EFL Classrooms……. 57
4.4.1 Level of the Students……………………………………………………………. 58
4.4.2 Students’ Competency………………………………………………………...… 59
4.4.3 Teachers’ Competency………………………………………………………..… 60
4.4.4 Discussions Topic……………………………………………………………….. 60
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………... 64
5.2 Suggestions…………………………………………………………………………… 65
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………. 67
APPENDIXES
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
List of Figures
Figure 1. The percentage of teachers’ switch in Bina Nusantara University........................... 19
Figure 2. Teachers’ motives of using code switching.............................................................. 21
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
List of Tables
Table 4.1. The occurrence of code switching types in first and second meeting .................... 35
Table 4.3.1. Students’ attitudes towards using monolingual or code switching in teaching ... 53
Table 4.3.2. The effects of code switching on the teachers’ images among the
students……........................................................................................................................... 54
Table 4.3.3. The students’ views about the medium of instruction …………………..……. 55
Table 4.3.4. The effect of code switching on L1 and L2 ………..…………………………. 56
Table 4.3.5. The effect of code switching on passing the exams ..………………………… 57
Azmia Naufala Rahmah, 2015
THE USE OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN CODE SWITCHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOMS: Teachers’ Motives and
Students’ Attitudes
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu