Uji Aktivitas Diuretik Ekstrak Etanol Pecut Kuda (Stachytharpheta jamaicensis L.Vahl) Pada Tikus
Lampiran 1. Hasil Determinasi Tumbuhan pecut kuda (Stachytharpheta
jamaicensis L.Vahl)
63
Lampiran 2. Komite Etik Penelitian Hewan
64
Lampiran 3. Karakteristik Tumbuhan Pecut Kuda
Pengukuran Simplisia
65
Ekstrak etanol pecut kuda
Larutan uji
66
Lampiran 4. Hasil Pemeriksaan Mikroskopik
5
3
4
1
2
6
Gambar: Serbuk simplisia pecut kuda
Keterangan:
1. Rambut
2. Rambut kelenjar
3. Jaringan palisade
4. Pembuluh kayu dengan penebalan jala
5. Fragmen mesofil
6. Epidermis
67
Lampiran 5. Perhitungan karakterisasi simplisia dan ekstrak pecut kuda
Perhitungan penetapan kadar air dari serbuk simplisia pecut kuda
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Volume Awal (ml)
Volume Akhir (ml)
1.
5,011
2,0
2,4
2.
5,012
2,4
2,9
3.
5,004
2,9
3,3
% Kadar air =
volume air (ml)
x 100%
berat sampel (g)
a. Berat sampel
= 5,011 g
Volume air
= 0,4 ml
% Kadar air
=
b. Berat sampel
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,98%
5,011 g
= 5,012 g
Volume air
= 0,5 ml
% Kadar air
=
0,5 ml
x 100% = 9,97%
5,012 g
c. Berat sampel = 5,004 g
Volume air
% Kadar air
= 0,4 ml
=
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,99%
5,004 g
% Kadar air rata-rata =
7,98% + 9,97% + 7,99%
= 8,61%
3
Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Sari Larut Air dari Serbuk Simplisia pecut kuda
(Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Sari (g)
1.
5,0193
0,2042
2.
5,0190
0,2021
3.
5,0187
0,201
% Kadar sari larut dalam air =
100
Berat sari (g)
x 100%
x
Berat simplisia (g) 20
a. Berat sampel = 5,0193 g
Berat sari
= 0,2042 g
68
% Kadar sari larut dalam air =
0,2042 g 100
x 100% = 20,34%
x
5,0193 g 20
b. Berat sampel = 5,0190 g
Berat sari
= 0,2021 g
% Kadar sari larut dalam air =
0,2021 g 100
x 100% = 20,13%
x
5,0190 g 20
c. Berat sampel = 5,0187 g
Berat sari
= 0,201 g
% Kadar sari larut dalam air =
0,201 g 100
x 100% = 20,02%
x
5,0187 g 20
% Kadar sari larut dalam air rata-rata =
20,34% + 20,13% + 20,02%
3
= 20,16%
Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Sari Larut Etanol dari Serbuk Simplisia pecut kuda
(Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Sari (g)
1.
5,0092
0,284
2.
5,010
0,294
3.
5,0086
0,273
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol =
Berat sari (g)
100
x
x 100%
Berat simplisia (g) 20
a. Berat sampel = 5,0092 g
Berat sari
= 0,284 g
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol =
0,284 g 100
x 100% = 28,34%
x
5,0092 g 20
b. Berat sampel = 5,010 g
Berat sari
= 0,294 g
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol =
c. Berat sampel = 5,0086 g
Berat sari
= 0,273 g
69
0,294 g 100
x 100% = 29,34%
x
5,010 g 20
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol =
0,273 g 100
x 100% = 27,25%
x
5,0086 g 20
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol rata-rata =
28,34% + 29,34% + 27,25%
3
= 28,31%
Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Abu Total dari Serbuk Simplisia pecut kuda
(Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
1.
3,06
0,16
2.
3,08
0,18
3.
3,04
0,17
% Kadar abu total =
Berat abu (g)
x 100%
Berat simplisia (g)
a. Berat sampel = 3,06 g
Berat abu
= 0,16 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,16 g
x 100% = 5,22%
3,06 g
b. Berat sampel = 3,08 g
Berat abu
= 0,18 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,18 g
x 100% = 5,84%
3,08 g
c. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,17 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,17 g
x 100% = 5,59%
3,04 g
% Kadar abu total rata-rata =
5,22% + 5,84% + 5,59%
= 5,55%
3
70
Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Abu tidak Larut Asam dari Serbuk Simplisia pecut
kuda (Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
1.
3,06
0,01
2.
3,08
0,02
3.
3,04
0,01
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
Berat abu (g)
x 100%
Berat simplisia (g)
a. Berat sampel = 3,06 g
Berat abu
= 0,01 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
0,01 g
x 100% = 0,32%
3,06 g
b. Berat sampel = 3,08 g
Berat abu
= 0,02 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
c. Berat sampel
= 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,01 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
% kadar abu tidak larut asam rat-rata =
0,02 g
x 100% = 0,64%
3,08 g
0,01 g
x 100% = 0,32%
3,04 g
0,32% + 0,64% + 0,32%
= 0,42%
3
Perhitungan penetapan kadar air ekstrak pecut kuda (Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Volume Awal (ml)
Volume Akhir (ml)
1.
5,110
2,0
2,4
2.
5,090
2,4
2,9
3.
5,076
2,9
3,3
% Kadar air =
volume air (ml)
x 100%
berat sampel (g)
a. Berat sampel = 5,110 g
Volume air
= 0,4 ml
% Kadar air
=
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,82%
5,110 g
71
b. Berat sampel = 5,090 g
Volume air
= 0,4 ml
% Kadar air
=
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,85%
5,090 g
c. Berat sampel = 5,076 g
Volume air
= 0,4 ml
% Kadar air
=
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,80%
5,076 g
% Kadar air rata-rata =
7,82% + 7,85% + 7,80%
= 7,82%
3
Perhitungan penetapan kadar abu total ekstrak pecut kuda (Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
1.
3,04
0,08
2.
3,04
0,06
3.
3,03
0,05
Berat abu (g)
% Kadar abu total =
x 100%
Berat simplisia (g)
a. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,08 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,08 g
x 100% = 2,63%
3,04 g
b. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,06 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,06 g
x 100% = 1,97%
3,04 g
c. Berat sampel = 3,03 g
Berat abu
= 0,05 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,05 g
x 100% = 1,65%
3,03 g
% Kadar abu total rata-rata =
2,63% + 1,97% + 1,65%
= 2,08%
3
72
Perhitungan penetapan kadar abu tidak larut asam ekstrak pecut kuda (Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
1.
3,04
0,04
2.
3,04
0,03
3.
3,03
0,01
Berat abu (g)
x 100%
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
Berat simplisia (g)
a. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,04 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
0,04 g
x 100% = 1,31%
3,04 g
b. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,03 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
0,03 g
x 100% = 0,98%
3,04 g
c. Berat sampel = 3,03 g
Berat abu
= 0,01 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
0,01 g
x 100% = 0,33%
3,03 g
% Kadar abu yang tidak larut dalam asam rata-rata
=
1,31% + 0,98% + 0,33%
= 0,873%
3
73
Lampiran 6. Alat yang digunakan
Modifikasi alat penampung urin
Alat AAS
Alat pH meter
74
Lampiran 7. Data volume urin (ml), pH urin, kadar natrium, dan kadar kalium
(meq/l) setelah pemberian ekstrak dan furosemid (pembanding)
No
Parameter
Kontrol Furosemid
CMC Na 10 mg/kg
0,5%
bb
1
Volume urin
(ml)
1,3
1,1
1,4
1,2
1,4
1,28 ±
0,130
7,3
7,6
7,3
7,4
7,5
7,42 ±
0,130
33,44
39,16
31,58
39,70
41,78
37,13 ±
4,38
22,57
23,72
25,65
23,74
28,91
24,91 ±
2,49
2
3
4
Rata-rata ±
Sd
Nilai pH urin
Rata-rata ±
Sd
Kadar
natrium
(meq/l)
Rata-rata ±
Sd
Kadar kalium
(meq/l)
Rata-rata ±
Sd
3,8
4,0
4,2
4,5
4,0
4,10 ±
0,264
7,5
7,6
7,5
7,6
7,7
7,6 ±
0,1
80,76
93,22
90,87
98,84
105.04
93,74 ±
9,09
41,23
50,49
50,78
48.23
54,69
49,08 ±
4,96
75
Ekstrak Etanol Pecut Kuda
Dosis
Dosis
Dosis
100
150
200
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
bb
bb
bb
2,2
3,2
2,8
2,9
2,5
4,2
2,5
2,8
4,3
3,0
2,5
3,5
2,2
3,0
5,0
2,56 ±
2,80 ±
3,96 ±
0,378
0,308
0,838
7,5
7,6
7,5
7,4
7,5
7,7
7,5
7,4
7,5
7,6
7,5
7,4
7,6
7,7
7,7
7,52 ±
7,54 ±
7,56 ±
0.08
0,114
0,134
59,79
60,66
75,69
65,39
67,40
87,19
60,15
60,86
76,32
69,67
74,47
89,67
78,75
84,44
102,43
66,75 ±
69,56 ± 86,26 ±
7,84
10,06
9,84
28,36
30,32
34,05
30,12
35,46
44,08
32,83
36,33
37,72
31,03
33,07
35,40
38,41
43,78
50,97
32,15 ±
35,79 ± 40,44 ±
3,85
5,03
7,03
Lampiran 8. Tabel konversi dosis hewan dengan manusia Konversi dosis
antara jenis hewan dengan manusia (Laurence and Bacharach,
1964).
Mencit
Tikus
Marmut
Kelinci
Kera
Anjing
Manusia
20 g
200 g
400 g
1,2 kg
4 kg
12 kg
70 kg
1,0
7,0
12,25
27,8
64,1
124,2
387,9
0,14
1,0
1,74
3,9
9,2
17,8
56,0
0,08
0,57
1,0
2,25
5,2
10,2
31,5
0,04
0,25
0,44
1,0
2,4
4,5
14,2
0,016
0,11
0,19
0,42
1,0
1,9
6,1
0,008
0,06
0,10
0,22
0,52
1,0
3,1
0,0026
0,018
0,031
0,07
0,16
0,32
1,0
Mencit
20g
Tikus
200g
Marmut
400 g
Kelinci
1,2 kg
Kera
4 kg
Anjing
12 kg
Manusia
70 kg
76
Lampiran 9. Contoh perhitungan dosis kontrol CMC Na 0,5%
- Pembuatan CMC 0,5%
= 500 mg/ 100 ml
= 5 mg/ml
- Perhitungan CMC Na 0,5% pada tikus 200 g
= 1% × BB Tikus
=
1g
× 200 g
100 ml
= 2 ml
Volume yang diberikan = 2 ml
77
Lampiran 10. Contoh Perhitungan Dosis Furosemid
Furosemid yang digunakan = 40 mg
Dosis Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb untuk tikus 200 g
Furosemid yang diberikan
=
10 mg/kg bb
× 200 g
1000 g
= 2 mg
Volume yang diberikan
=
2 mg
× 10 ml
40 mg
= 0,5 ml
78
Lampiran 11. Contoh perhitungan dosis dari ekstrak etanol pecut kuda 1%
1. Untuk dosis 100 mg/kg bb pada tikus 180,2 g
=
180,2 g
x 100 mg/kg bb = 18,02 mg
1000 g
Volume yang diberikan =
18,02 mg
= 1,802 ml
10 mg/ml
2. Untuk dosis 150 mg/kg bb pada tikus 179,5 g
=
179,5 g
x 150 mg/kg bb = 26,92 mg
1000 g
Volume yang diberikan =
26,92 mg
= 2,692 ml
10 mg/ml
3. Untuk dosis 200 mg/kg bb pada tikus 188,9 g
=
188,9 g
x 200 mg/kg bb = 37,78 mg
1000 g
Volume yang diberikan =
37,78 mg
= 3,778 ml
10 mg/ml
79
Lampiran 12. Hasil pengujian AAS dari volume urin untuk kadar Na+ dan K+
No
Kelompok pengujian
1.
Kontrol CMC-Na
0,5%
2.
Furosemid dosis 10
mg/kg bb
3.
EEPK dosis 100 mg/kg
bb
4.
EEPK dosis 150 mg/kg
bb
5.
EEPK dosis 200 mg/kg
bb
Tikus
Konsentrasi
Na+
1,5384
1,8014
1,4531
1,8664
1,9220
3,7151
4,2884
4,1803
4,5468
4,8321
2,7504
3,0080
3,2051
2,7671
3,6228
2,9204
3,1005
2,9884
3,4260
3,8846
3,4821
4,0111
3,3550
4,1250
4,7121
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
80
K+
3,5221
3,7006
4,0022
3,7044
4,5113
6,4331
8,3544
7,9225
7,5239
8,5321
4,4252
4,6997
5,1220
4,8150
5,9921
4,7308
5,5321
5,6682
5,1595
6,8311
5,0330
6,8766
5,8850
6,9236
7,9520
Lampiran 13. Contoh perhitungan kadar elektrolit (Lanjutan)
Kadar Na =
x 500
Pembacaan pada AAS = 1,5384 mcg/ml
Kadar Na =
1,5384 mcg/ml
x 500 = 769,2 mcg/ml
1 ml
= 0,7692 mg/ml
x 1 meq
meq/l =
=
0,7692 mg/ml
x 1 meq = 0,03344 meq/ml
23
= 33,44 meq/l
81
Lampiran 14. Data kalibrasi natrium dengan AAS, perhitungan persamaan
garis regresi dan koefisien korelasi
No.
Konsentrasi (µg/ml)
Absorbansi
(X)
(Y)
1.
0,0000
-0,0004
2.
1,0000
0,1414
3.
2,0000
0,2808
4.
3,0000
0,4164
5.
4,0000
0,5671
6.
5,0000
0,7094
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
a=
=
X
0,0000
1,0000
2,0000
3,0000
4,0000
5,0000
15,0000
= 2,5
Y
-0,0004
0,1414
0,2808
0,4164
0,5671
0,7094
2,1147
= 0,35245
XY
0,0000
0,1497
0,5842
1,2666
2,2808
3,4915
7,7676
X2
0,0000
1,0000
4,0000
9,0000
16,0000
25,0000
55,0000
∑ xy - ∑ x ∑ y/n
∑ x2 - (∑ x )2 /n)
7,7676 - (15) (2,1147)/6
55 - (15)2 /6
= 0,141763
Y=aX+b
b=Y–aX
= 0,35245 – (0,141763 x 2,5)
= - 0,00196
Persamaan regresi : Y = 0,141763 x - 0,00196
Dengan nilai r sebagai berikut :
r=
=
∑ xy - (∑ x ) (∑ y)/n
(∑ x2 - (∑ x )2 /n) (∑ y2 - (∑ y)2 /n
7,7676 - (15) (2,1147)/6
(55 - (15)2 /6) (1,09708249) - (2,1147)2 /6
82
= 0,9999
Y2
0,00000016
0,01999396
0,07884864
0,17338896
0,32160241
0,50324836
1,09708249
Lampiran 15. Data kalibrasi kalium dengan AAS, perhitungan persamaan
garis regresi dan koefisien korelasi
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
a=
=
Konsentrasi (µg/ml)
(X)
0,0000
2,0000
4,0000
6,0000
8,0000
10,0000
X
0,0000
2,0000
4,0000
6,0000
8,0000
10,0000
30,0000
=5
Y
0,0003
0,0818
0,1633
0,2569
0,3391
0,4295
1,2709
= 0,211817
Absorbansi
(Y)
0,0003
0,0818
0,1633
0,2569
0,3391
0,4295
XY
0,0000
0,1636
0,6532
1,5414
2,7128
4,2950
9,366
X2
0,0000
4,0000
16,0000
36,0000
64,0000
100,000
220,0000
∑ xy - ∑ x ∑ y/n
∑ x2 - (∑ x )2 /n)
9,366 - (30) (1,2709)/6
220 - (30)2 /6
= 0,043021
Y=aX+b
b=Y–aX
= 0,211817 – (0,043021 x 5)
= - 0,00329
Persamaan regresi : Y = 0,211817 x - 0,00329
Dengan nilai r sebagai berikut :
r=
=
∑ xy - (∑ x ) (∑ y)/n
(∑ x2 - (∑ x )2 /n) (∑ y2 - (∑ y)2 /n
9,366 - (30) (1,2709)/6
(220 - (30)2 /6) (0,39881489) - (1,2709)2 /6
83
= 0,9998
Y2
0,00000009
0,00669124
0,02666689
0,06599761
0,11498881
0,18447025
0,39881489
Lampiran 16. Skema pembuatan ekstrak etanol pecut kuda dan uji
aktivitas diuretik
Serbuk simplisia herba pecut kuda
Maserasi dengan etanol 96% selama 5 hari
Ampas
Maserat
Didiamkan selama 2 hari
Maserat
Diuapkan dengan
Rotary Evaporator
Ekstrak kental Etanol
Dikeringkan dengan
Freeze Dryer
Ekstrak etanol pecut kuda (EEPK)
Uji aktivitas diuretik
Tikus
Dikondisikan selama
2 minggu
Dipuasakan selama
± 12 jam
Diberi ekstrak etanol
Pecut kuda
(EEPK) dengan
dosis berbeda
Urin
Volume urin
Cek pH
Elektrolit
Diukur
dengan pH meter
Nilai pH
84
Diukur
dengan AAS
Kadar Na+ dan
K+ (meq/l)
Lampiran 17. Hasil data statistik ANAVA dengan Uji Tukey Jam ke 1- 5
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_1
Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
5.286
4
1.321
Within Groups
2.068
20
.103
Total
7.354
24
F
Sig.
12.779
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_1
Tukey HSD
(I)
Kelompok_Peng (J)
ujian
Kelompok_Pengujian
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
Differenc
e (I-J)
Std. Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
-1.3800*
.2034
.000
-1.989
-.771
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.9800*
.2034
.001
-1.589
-.371
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.5800
.2034
.006
-1.189
.029
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.8800*
.2034
.003
-1.489
-.271
Kontrol CMC Na o.5%
1.3800*
.2034
.000
.771
1.989
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.4000
.2034
.017
-.209
1.009
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.8000*
.2034
.007
.191
1.409
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.5000
.2034
.141
-.109
1.109
Kontrol CMC Na o.5%
.9800*
.2034
.001
.371
1.589
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.4000
.2034
.017
-1.009
.209
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.4000
.2034
.017
-.209
1.009
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.1000
.2034
.987
-.509
.709
Kontrol CMC Na o.5%
.5800
.2034
.006
-.029
1.189
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.8000*
.2034
.007
-1.409
-.191
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.4000
.2034
.017
-1.009
.209
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.3000
.2034
.589
-.909
.309
Kontrol CMC Na o.5%
.8800*
.2034
.003
.271
1.489
Kontrol CMC Na Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
o.5%
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
85
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.5000
.2034
.141
-1.109
.109
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.1000
.2034
.987
-.709
.509
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.3000
.2034
.589
-.309
.909
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_2
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
11.254
4
2.813
4.300
20
.215
15.554
24
F
Sig.
13.086
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_2
Tukey HSD
(I)
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Kelompok_Pen
Difference (I-
Std.
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
gujian
(J) Kelompok_Pengujian
J)
Kontrol CMC
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-2.1000*
.2933
.000
-2.978
-1.222
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-1.1800*
.2933
.005
-2.058
-.302
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.9400*
.2933
.032
-1.818
-.062
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-1.2000*
.2933
.005
-2.078
-.322
2.1000*
.2933
.000
1.222
2.978
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.9200*
.2933
.037
.042
1.798
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.1600*
.2933
.006
.282
2.038
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.9000*
.2933
.053
.022
1.778
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
1.1800*
.2933
.005
.302
2.058
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.9200*
.2933
.037
-1.798
-.042
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.2400
.2933
.922
-.638
1.118
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.0200
.2933 1.000
-.898
.858
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
.9400*
.2933
.062
1.818
na 0.5%
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
86
Sig.
Lower
.032
mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
-1.1600*
.2933
.006
-2.038
-.282
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.2400
.2933
.922
-1.118
.638
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.2600
.2933
.899
-1.138
.618
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
1.2000*
.2933
.005
.322
2.078
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.9000*
.2933
.053
-1.778
-.022
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0200
.2933 1.000
-.858
.898
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.2600
.2933
-.618
1.138
.899
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_3
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
19.728
4
4.932
4.392
20
.220
24.120
24
F
Sig.
22.459
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_3
Tukey HSD
(I)
Kelompok_Peng
ujian
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
(J) Kelompok_Pengujian
Differenc
Std.
e (I-J)
Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
Kontrol CMC na Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-2.6400*
.2964
.000
-3.527
-1.753
0.5%
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-1.3200*
.2964
.002
-2.207
-.433
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-1.2000*
.2964
.005
-2.087
-.313
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-2.0400*
.2964
.000
-2.927
-1.153
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
2.6400*
.2964
.000
1.753
3.527
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
1.3200*
.2964
.002
.433
2.207
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.4400*
.2964
.001
.553
2.327
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.6000
.2964
.291
-.287
1.487
1.3200*
.2964
.002
.433
2.207
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
87
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
-1.3200*
.2964
.002
-2.207
-.433
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.1200
.2964
.994
-.767
1.007
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.7200
.2964
.148
-1.607
.167
1.2000*
.2964
.005
.313
2.087
-1.4400*
.2964
.001
-2.327
-.553
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.1200
.2964
.994
-1.007
.767
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.8400
.2964
.069
-1.727
.047
2.0400*
.2964
.000
1.153
2.927
-.6000
.2964
.291
-1.487
.287
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.7200
.2964
.148
-.167
1.607
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.8400
.2964
.069
-.047
1.727
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_4
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
21.956
4
5.489
4.044
20
.202
26.000
24
F
Sig.
27.146
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_4
Tukey HSD
(I)
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Kelompok_Penguj (J)
Differenc
Std.
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
ian
Kelompok_Pengujian
e (I-J)
Kontrol CMC na
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-2.7600*
.2844
.000
-3.611
-1.909
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-1.3000*
.2844
.002
-2.151
-.449
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-1.3400*
.2844
.001
-2.191
-.489
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-2.2000*
.2844
.000
-3.051
-1.349
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
2.7600*
.2844
.000
1.909
3.611
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
1.4600*
.2844
.000
.609
2.311
0.5%
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
88
Sig.
Lower
EEPK 100 mg/kg
bb
EEPK 150 mg/kg
bb
EEPK 200 mg/kg
bb
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.4200*
.2844
.001
.569
2.271
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.5600
.2844
.316
-.291
1.411
1.3000*
.2844
.002
.449
2.151
-1.4600*
.2844
.000
-2.311
-.609
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.0400
.2844
1.000
-.891
.811
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.9000*
.2844
.035
-1.751
-.049
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
1.3400*
.2844
.001
.489
2.191
-1.4200*
.2844
.001
-2.271
-.569
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0400
.2844
1.000
-.811
.891
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.8600*
.2844
.047
-1.711
-.009
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
2.2000*
.2844
.000
1.349
3.051
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.5600
.2844
.316
-1.411
.291
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.9000*
.2844
.035
.049
1.751
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.8600*
.2844
.047
.009
1.711
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_5
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
26.528
4
6.632
4.112
20
.206
30.640
24
F
32.257
Sig.
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_5
Tukey HSD
(I)
Kelompok_Peng
ujian
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
(J) Kelompok_Pengujian
Differenc
Std.
e (I-J)
Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
Kontrol CMC na Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-2.8200*
.2868
.000
-3.678
-1.962
0.5%
-1.2800*
.2868
.002
-2.138
-.422
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
89
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-1.5200*
.2868
.000
-2.378
-.662
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-2.6800*
.2868
.000
-3.538
-1.822
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
2.8200*
.2868
.000
1.962
3.678
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
1.5400*
.2868
.000
.682
2.398
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.3000*
.2868
.002
.442
2.158
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.1400
.2868
.988
-.718
.998
1.2800*
.2868
.002
.422
2.138
-1.5400*
.2868
.000
-2.398
-.682
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.2400
.2868
.916
-1.098
.618
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-1.4000*
.2868
.001
-2.258
-.542
1.5200*
.2868
.000
.662
2.378
-1.3000*
.2868
.002
-2.158
-.442
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.2400
.2868
.916
-.618
1.098
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-1.1600*
.2868
.005
-2.018
-.302
2.6800*
.2868
.000
1.822
3.538
-.1400
.2868
.988
-.998
.718
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
1.4000*
.2868
.001
.542
2.258
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.1600*
.2868
.005
.302
2.018
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
90
Lampiran 18. Hasil data statistik ANAVA dengan Uji Tukey
Hasil perhitungan nilai pH urin secara ANAVA
ANOVA
Nilai_pH
Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
.018
4
.004
Within Groups
.304
20
.015
Total
.322
24
F
Sig.
.289
.881
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Nilai_pH
Tukey HSD
(I)
Kelompok_Peng (J)
ujian
Kelompok_Pengujian
CMC-Na 0,5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
mg/kg bb
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Difference
Std.
(I-J)
Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
-.0200
.0780
.999
-.253
.213
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0200
.0780
.999
-.213
.253
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.0200
.0780
.999
-.253
.213
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.0600
.0780
.936
-.293
.173
CMC-Na 0,5%
.0200
.0780
.999
-.213
.253
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0400
.0780
.985
-.193
.273
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.0000
.0780
1.000
-.233
.233
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.0400
.0780
.985
-.273
.193
CMC-Na 0,5%
-.0200
.0780
.999
-.253
.213
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.0400
.0780
.985
-.273
.193
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.0400
.0780
.985
-.273
.193
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.0800
.0780
.840
-.313
.153
CMC-Na 0,5%
.0200
.0780
.999
-.213
.253
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
.0000
.0780
1.000
-.233
.233
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0400
.0780
.985
-.193
.273
91
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
-.0400
.0780
.985
-.273
.193
CMC-Na 0,5%
.0600
.0780
.936
-.173
.293
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
.0400
.0780
.985
-.193
.273
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0800
.0780
.840
-.153
.313
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.0400
.0780
.985
-.193
.273
Hasil perhitungan kadar natrium secara ANAVA
ANOVA
Kadar_Natrium
Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
9578.435
4
2394.609
Within Groups
1482.481
20
74.124
11060.916
24
Total
F
32.305
Sig.
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Kadar_Natrium
Tukey HSD
(I)
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Kelompok_Peng (J)
Difference
Std.
(I-J)
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
ujian
Kelompok_Pengujian
CMC-Na 0,5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb -56.61400* 5.44515
.000
-72.9079
-40.3201
EEPK 100mg/kg bb
-29.61800* 5.44515
.000
-45.9119
-13.3241
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-33.19000* 5.44515
.000
-49.4839
-16.8961
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-49.12800* 5.44515
.000
-65.4219
-32.8341
CMC-Na 0,5%
56.61400* 5.44515
.000
40.3201
72.9079
EEPK 100mg/kg bb
26.99600* 5.44515
.001
10.7021
43.2899
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
23.42400* 5.44515
.003
7.1301
39.7179
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
7.48600 5.44515
.650
-8.8079
23.7799
29.61800* 5.44515
.000
13.3241
45.9119
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb -26.99600* 5.44515
.001
-43.2899
-10.7021
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100mg/kg CMC-Na 0,5%
bb
92
Sig.
Lower
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-3.57200 5.44515
.963
-19.8659
12.7219
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-19.51000* 5.44515
.014
-35.8039
-3.2161
EEPK 150
CMC-Na 0,5%
33.19000* 5.44515
.000
16.8961
49.4839
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb -23.42400* 5.44515
.003
-39.7179
-7.1301
EEPK 100mg/kg bb
3.57200 5.44515
.963
-12.7219
19.8659
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-15.93800 5.44515
.057
-32.2319
.3559
CMC-Na 0,5%
49.12800* 5.44515
.000
32.8341
65.4219
-7.48600 5.44515
.650
-23.7799
8.8079
EEPK 100mg/kg bb
19.51000* 5.44515
.014
3.2161
35.8039
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
15.93800 5.44515
.057
-.3559
32.2319
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
Hasil perhitungan kadar kalium secara ANAVA
ANOVA
Kadar_Kalium
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
1634.840
4
408.710
482.386
20
24.119
2117.225
24
F
16.945
Sig.
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Kadar_Kalium
Tukey HSD
(I)
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Kelompok_Peng (J)
Difference
Std.
(I-J)
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
ujian
Kelompok_Pengujian
CMC-Na 0,5%
Furosemid 10mg/kg bb -24.14400* 3.10608
.000
-33.4385
-14.8495
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-7.21000 3.10608
.009
-16.5045
2.0845
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-10.85200* 3.10608
.017
-20.1465
-1.5575
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-15.50400* 3.10608
.001
-24.7985
-6.2095
24.14400* 3.10608
.000
14.8495
33.4385
Furosemid
CMC-Na 0,5%
93
Sig.
Lower
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
16.93400* 3.10608
.000
7.6395
26.2285
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
13.29200* 3.10608
.003
3.9975
22.5865
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
8.64000 3.10608
.076
-.6545
17.9345
EEPK 100
CMC-Na 0,5%
7.21000 3.10608
.009
-2.0845
16.5045
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10mg/kg bb -16.93400* 3.10608
.000
-26.2285
-7.6395
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-3.64200 3.10608
.766
-12.9365
5.6525
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-8.29400 3.10608
.095
-17.5885
1.0005
10mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
CMC-Na 0,5%
10.85200* 3.10608
.017
1.5575
20.1465
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10mg/kg bb -13.29200* 3.10608
.003
-22.5865
-3.9975
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
3.64200 3.10608
.766
-5.6525
12.9365
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-4.65200 3.10608
.576
-13.9465
4.6425
15.50400* 3.10608
.001
6.2095
24.7985
-8.64000 3.10608
.076
-17.9345
.6545
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
8.29400 3.10608
.095
-1.0005
17.5885
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
4.65200 3.10608
.576
-4.6425
13.9465
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
CMC-Na 0,5%
Furosemid 10mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
94
jamaicensis L.Vahl)
63
Lampiran 2. Komite Etik Penelitian Hewan
64
Lampiran 3. Karakteristik Tumbuhan Pecut Kuda
Pengukuran Simplisia
65
Ekstrak etanol pecut kuda
Larutan uji
66
Lampiran 4. Hasil Pemeriksaan Mikroskopik
5
3
4
1
2
6
Gambar: Serbuk simplisia pecut kuda
Keterangan:
1. Rambut
2. Rambut kelenjar
3. Jaringan palisade
4. Pembuluh kayu dengan penebalan jala
5. Fragmen mesofil
6. Epidermis
67
Lampiran 5. Perhitungan karakterisasi simplisia dan ekstrak pecut kuda
Perhitungan penetapan kadar air dari serbuk simplisia pecut kuda
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Volume Awal (ml)
Volume Akhir (ml)
1.
5,011
2,0
2,4
2.
5,012
2,4
2,9
3.
5,004
2,9
3,3
% Kadar air =
volume air (ml)
x 100%
berat sampel (g)
a. Berat sampel
= 5,011 g
Volume air
= 0,4 ml
% Kadar air
=
b. Berat sampel
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,98%
5,011 g
= 5,012 g
Volume air
= 0,5 ml
% Kadar air
=
0,5 ml
x 100% = 9,97%
5,012 g
c. Berat sampel = 5,004 g
Volume air
% Kadar air
= 0,4 ml
=
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,99%
5,004 g
% Kadar air rata-rata =
7,98% + 9,97% + 7,99%
= 8,61%
3
Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Sari Larut Air dari Serbuk Simplisia pecut kuda
(Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Sari (g)
1.
5,0193
0,2042
2.
5,0190
0,2021
3.
5,0187
0,201
% Kadar sari larut dalam air =
100
Berat sari (g)
x 100%
x
Berat simplisia (g) 20
a. Berat sampel = 5,0193 g
Berat sari
= 0,2042 g
68
% Kadar sari larut dalam air =
0,2042 g 100
x 100% = 20,34%
x
5,0193 g 20
b. Berat sampel = 5,0190 g
Berat sari
= 0,2021 g
% Kadar sari larut dalam air =
0,2021 g 100
x 100% = 20,13%
x
5,0190 g 20
c. Berat sampel = 5,0187 g
Berat sari
= 0,201 g
% Kadar sari larut dalam air =
0,201 g 100
x 100% = 20,02%
x
5,0187 g 20
% Kadar sari larut dalam air rata-rata =
20,34% + 20,13% + 20,02%
3
= 20,16%
Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Sari Larut Etanol dari Serbuk Simplisia pecut kuda
(Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Sari (g)
1.
5,0092
0,284
2.
5,010
0,294
3.
5,0086
0,273
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol =
Berat sari (g)
100
x
x 100%
Berat simplisia (g) 20
a. Berat sampel = 5,0092 g
Berat sari
= 0,284 g
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol =
0,284 g 100
x 100% = 28,34%
x
5,0092 g 20
b. Berat sampel = 5,010 g
Berat sari
= 0,294 g
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol =
c. Berat sampel = 5,0086 g
Berat sari
= 0,273 g
69
0,294 g 100
x 100% = 29,34%
x
5,010 g 20
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol =
0,273 g 100
x 100% = 27,25%
x
5,0086 g 20
% Kadar sari larut dalam etanol rata-rata =
28,34% + 29,34% + 27,25%
3
= 28,31%
Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Abu Total dari Serbuk Simplisia pecut kuda
(Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
1.
3,06
0,16
2.
3,08
0,18
3.
3,04
0,17
% Kadar abu total =
Berat abu (g)
x 100%
Berat simplisia (g)
a. Berat sampel = 3,06 g
Berat abu
= 0,16 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,16 g
x 100% = 5,22%
3,06 g
b. Berat sampel = 3,08 g
Berat abu
= 0,18 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,18 g
x 100% = 5,84%
3,08 g
c. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,17 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,17 g
x 100% = 5,59%
3,04 g
% Kadar abu total rata-rata =
5,22% + 5,84% + 5,59%
= 5,55%
3
70
Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Abu tidak Larut Asam dari Serbuk Simplisia pecut
kuda (Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
1.
3,06
0,01
2.
3,08
0,02
3.
3,04
0,01
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
Berat abu (g)
x 100%
Berat simplisia (g)
a. Berat sampel = 3,06 g
Berat abu
= 0,01 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
0,01 g
x 100% = 0,32%
3,06 g
b. Berat sampel = 3,08 g
Berat abu
= 0,02 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
c. Berat sampel
= 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,01 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
% kadar abu tidak larut asam rat-rata =
0,02 g
x 100% = 0,64%
3,08 g
0,01 g
x 100% = 0,32%
3,04 g
0,32% + 0,64% + 0,32%
= 0,42%
3
Perhitungan penetapan kadar air ekstrak pecut kuda (Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Volume Awal (ml)
Volume Akhir (ml)
1.
5,110
2,0
2,4
2.
5,090
2,4
2,9
3.
5,076
2,9
3,3
% Kadar air =
volume air (ml)
x 100%
berat sampel (g)
a. Berat sampel = 5,110 g
Volume air
= 0,4 ml
% Kadar air
=
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,82%
5,110 g
71
b. Berat sampel = 5,090 g
Volume air
= 0,4 ml
% Kadar air
=
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,85%
5,090 g
c. Berat sampel = 5,076 g
Volume air
= 0,4 ml
% Kadar air
=
0,4 ml
x 100% = 7,80%
5,076 g
% Kadar air rata-rata =
7,82% + 7,85% + 7,80%
= 7,82%
3
Perhitungan penetapan kadar abu total ekstrak pecut kuda (Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
1.
3,04
0,08
2.
3,04
0,06
3.
3,03
0,05
Berat abu (g)
% Kadar abu total =
x 100%
Berat simplisia (g)
a. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,08 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,08 g
x 100% = 2,63%
3,04 g
b. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,06 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,06 g
x 100% = 1,97%
3,04 g
c. Berat sampel = 3,03 g
Berat abu
= 0,05 g
% Kadar abu total =
0,05 g
x 100% = 1,65%
3,03 g
% Kadar abu total rata-rata =
2,63% + 1,97% + 1,65%
= 2,08%
3
72
Perhitungan penetapan kadar abu tidak larut asam ekstrak pecut kuda (Lanjutan)
No
Berat Sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
1.
3,04
0,04
2.
3,04
0,03
3.
3,03
0,01
Berat abu (g)
x 100%
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
Berat simplisia (g)
a. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,04 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
0,04 g
x 100% = 1,31%
3,04 g
b. Berat sampel = 3,04 g
Berat abu
= 0,03 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
0,03 g
x 100% = 0,98%
3,04 g
c. Berat sampel = 3,03 g
Berat abu
= 0,01 g
% Kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam =
0,01 g
x 100% = 0,33%
3,03 g
% Kadar abu yang tidak larut dalam asam rata-rata
=
1,31% + 0,98% + 0,33%
= 0,873%
3
73
Lampiran 6. Alat yang digunakan
Modifikasi alat penampung urin
Alat AAS
Alat pH meter
74
Lampiran 7. Data volume urin (ml), pH urin, kadar natrium, dan kadar kalium
(meq/l) setelah pemberian ekstrak dan furosemid (pembanding)
No
Parameter
Kontrol Furosemid
CMC Na 10 mg/kg
0,5%
bb
1
Volume urin
(ml)
1,3
1,1
1,4
1,2
1,4
1,28 ±
0,130
7,3
7,6
7,3
7,4
7,5
7,42 ±
0,130
33,44
39,16
31,58
39,70
41,78
37,13 ±
4,38
22,57
23,72
25,65
23,74
28,91
24,91 ±
2,49
2
3
4
Rata-rata ±
Sd
Nilai pH urin
Rata-rata ±
Sd
Kadar
natrium
(meq/l)
Rata-rata ±
Sd
Kadar kalium
(meq/l)
Rata-rata ±
Sd
3,8
4,0
4,2
4,5
4,0
4,10 ±
0,264
7,5
7,6
7,5
7,6
7,7
7,6 ±
0,1
80,76
93,22
90,87
98,84
105.04
93,74 ±
9,09
41,23
50,49
50,78
48.23
54,69
49,08 ±
4,96
75
Ekstrak Etanol Pecut Kuda
Dosis
Dosis
Dosis
100
150
200
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
bb
bb
bb
2,2
3,2
2,8
2,9
2,5
4,2
2,5
2,8
4,3
3,0
2,5
3,5
2,2
3,0
5,0
2,56 ±
2,80 ±
3,96 ±
0,378
0,308
0,838
7,5
7,6
7,5
7,4
7,5
7,7
7,5
7,4
7,5
7,6
7,5
7,4
7,6
7,7
7,7
7,52 ±
7,54 ±
7,56 ±
0.08
0,114
0,134
59,79
60,66
75,69
65,39
67,40
87,19
60,15
60,86
76,32
69,67
74,47
89,67
78,75
84,44
102,43
66,75 ±
69,56 ± 86,26 ±
7,84
10,06
9,84
28,36
30,32
34,05
30,12
35,46
44,08
32,83
36,33
37,72
31,03
33,07
35,40
38,41
43,78
50,97
32,15 ±
35,79 ± 40,44 ±
3,85
5,03
7,03
Lampiran 8. Tabel konversi dosis hewan dengan manusia Konversi dosis
antara jenis hewan dengan manusia (Laurence and Bacharach,
1964).
Mencit
Tikus
Marmut
Kelinci
Kera
Anjing
Manusia
20 g
200 g
400 g
1,2 kg
4 kg
12 kg
70 kg
1,0
7,0
12,25
27,8
64,1
124,2
387,9
0,14
1,0
1,74
3,9
9,2
17,8
56,0
0,08
0,57
1,0
2,25
5,2
10,2
31,5
0,04
0,25
0,44
1,0
2,4
4,5
14,2
0,016
0,11
0,19
0,42
1,0
1,9
6,1
0,008
0,06
0,10
0,22
0,52
1,0
3,1
0,0026
0,018
0,031
0,07
0,16
0,32
1,0
Mencit
20g
Tikus
200g
Marmut
400 g
Kelinci
1,2 kg
Kera
4 kg
Anjing
12 kg
Manusia
70 kg
76
Lampiran 9. Contoh perhitungan dosis kontrol CMC Na 0,5%
- Pembuatan CMC 0,5%
= 500 mg/ 100 ml
= 5 mg/ml
- Perhitungan CMC Na 0,5% pada tikus 200 g
= 1% × BB Tikus
=
1g
× 200 g
100 ml
= 2 ml
Volume yang diberikan = 2 ml
77
Lampiran 10. Contoh Perhitungan Dosis Furosemid
Furosemid yang digunakan = 40 mg
Dosis Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb untuk tikus 200 g
Furosemid yang diberikan
=
10 mg/kg bb
× 200 g
1000 g
= 2 mg
Volume yang diberikan
=
2 mg
× 10 ml
40 mg
= 0,5 ml
78
Lampiran 11. Contoh perhitungan dosis dari ekstrak etanol pecut kuda 1%
1. Untuk dosis 100 mg/kg bb pada tikus 180,2 g
=
180,2 g
x 100 mg/kg bb = 18,02 mg
1000 g
Volume yang diberikan =
18,02 mg
= 1,802 ml
10 mg/ml
2. Untuk dosis 150 mg/kg bb pada tikus 179,5 g
=
179,5 g
x 150 mg/kg bb = 26,92 mg
1000 g
Volume yang diberikan =
26,92 mg
= 2,692 ml
10 mg/ml
3. Untuk dosis 200 mg/kg bb pada tikus 188,9 g
=
188,9 g
x 200 mg/kg bb = 37,78 mg
1000 g
Volume yang diberikan =
37,78 mg
= 3,778 ml
10 mg/ml
79
Lampiran 12. Hasil pengujian AAS dari volume urin untuk kadar Na+ dan K+
No
Kelompok pengujian
1.
Kontrol CMC-Na
0,5%
2.
Furosemid dosis 10
mg/kg bb
3.
EEPK dosis 100 mg/kg
bb
4.
EEPK dosis 150 mg/kg
bb
5.
EEPK dosis 200 mg/kg
bb
Tikus
Konsentrasi
Na+
1,5384
1,8014
1,4531
1,8664
1,9220
3,7151
4,2884
4,1803
4,5468
4,8321
2,7504
3,0080
3,2051
2,7671
3,6228
2,9204
3,1005
2,9884
3,4260
3,8846
3,4821
4,0111
3,3550
4,1250
4,7121
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
80
K+
3,5221
3,7006
4,0022
3,7044
4,5113
6,4331
8,3544
7,9225
7,5239
8,5321
4,4252
4,6997
5,1220
4,8150
5,9921
4,7308
5,5321
5,6682
5,1595
6,8311
5,0330
6,8766
5,8850
6,9236
7,9520
Lampiran 13. Contoh perhitungan kadar elektrolit (Lanjutan)
Kadar Na =
x 500
Pembacaan pada AAS = 1,5384 mcg/ml
Kadar Na =
1,5384 mcg/ml
x 500 = 769,2 mcg/ml
1 ml
= 0,7692 mg/ml
x 1 meq
meq/l =
=
0,7692 mg/ml
x 1 meq = 0,03344 meq/ml
23
= 33,44 meq/l
81
Lampiran 14. Data kalibrasi natrium dengan AAS, perhitungan persamaan
garis regresi dan koefisien korelasi
No.
Konsentrasi (µg/ml)
Absorbansi
(X)
(Y)
1.
0,0000
-0,0004
2.
1,0000
0,1414
3.
2,0000
0,2808
4.
3,0000
0,4164
5.
4,0000
0,5671
6.
5,0000
0,7094
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
a=
=
X
0,0000
1,0000
2,0000
3,0000
4,0000
5,0000
15,0000
= 2,5
Y
-0,0004
0,1414
0,2808
0,4164
0,5671
0,7094
2,1147
= 0,35245
XY
0,0000
0,1497
0,5842
1,2666
2,2808
3,4915
7,7676
X2
0,0000
1,0000
4,0000
9,0000
16,0000
25,0000
55,0000
∑ xy - ∑ x ∑ y/n
∑ x2 - (∑ x )2 /n)
7,7676 - (15) (2,1147)/6
55 - (15)2 /6
= 0,141763
Y=aX+b
b=Y–aX
= 0,35245 – (0,141763 x 2,5)
= - 0,00196
Persamaan regresi : Y = 0,141763 x - 0,00196
Dengan nilai r sebagai berikut :
r=
=
∑ xy - (∑ x ) (∑ y)/n
(∑ x2 - (∑ x )2 /n) (∑ y2 - (∑ y)2 /n
7,7676 - (15) (2,1147)/6
(55 - (15)2 /6) (1,09708249) - (2,1147)2 /6
82
= 0,9999
Y2
0,00000016
0,01999396
0,07884864
0,17338896
0,32160241
0,50324836
1,09708249
Lampiran 15. Data kalibrasi kalium dengan AAS, perhitungan persamaan
garis regresi dan koefisien korelasi
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
a=
=
Konsentrasi (µg/ml)
(X)
0,0000
2,0000
4,0000
6,0000
8,0000
10,0000
X
0,0000
2,0000
4,0000
6,0000
8,0000
10,0000
30,0000
=5
Y
0,0003
0,0818
0,1633
0,2569
0,3391
0,4295
1,2709
= 0,211817
Absorbansi
(Y)
0,0003
0,0818
0,1633
0,2569
0,3391
0,4295
XY
0,0000
0,1636
0,6532
1,5414
2,7128
4,2950
9,366
X2
0,0000
4,0000
16,0000
36,0000
64,0000
100,000
220,0000
∑ xy - ∑ x ∑ y/n
∑ x2 - (∑ x )2 /n)
9,366 - (30) (1,2709)/6
220 - (30)2 /6
= 0,043021
Y=aX+b
b=Y–aX
= 0,211817 – (0,043021 x 5)
= - 0,00329
Persamaan regresi : Y = 0,211817 x - 0,00329
Dengan nilai r sebagai berikut :
r=
=
∑ xy - (∑ x ) (∑ y)/n
(∑ x2 - (∑ x )2 /n) (∑ y2 - (∑ y)2 /n
9,366 - (30) (1,2709)/6
(220 - (30)2 /6) (0,39881489) - (1,2709)2 /6
83
= 0,9998
Y2
0,00000009
0,00669124
0,02666689
0,06599761
0,11498881
0,18447025
0,39881489
Lampiran 16. Skema pembuatan ekstrak etanol pecut kuda dan uji
aktivitas diuretik
Serbuk simplisia herba pecut kuda
Maserasi dengan etanol 96% selama 5 hari
Ampas
Maserat
Didiamkan selama 2 hari
Maserat
Diuapkan dengan
Rotary Evaporator
Ekstrak kental Etanol
Dikeringkan dengan
Freeze Dryer
Ekstrak etanol pecut kuda (EEPK)
Uji aktivitas diuretik
Tikus
Dikondisikan selama
2 minggu
Dipuasakan selama
± 12 jam
Diberi ekstrak etanol
Pecut kuda
(EEPK) dengan
dosis berbeda
Urin
Volume urin
Cek pH
Elektrolit
Diukur
dengan pH meter
Nilai pH
84
Diukur
dengan AAS
Kadar Na+ dan
K+ (meq/l)
Lampiran 17. Hasil data statistik ANAVA dengan Uji Tukey Jam ke 1- 5
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_1
Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
5.286
4
1.321
Within Groups
2.068
20
.103
Total
7.354
24
F
Sig.
12.779
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_1
Tukey HSD
(I)
Kelompok_Peng (J)
ujian
Kelompok_Pengujian
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
Differenc
e (I-J)
Std. Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
-1.3800*
.2034
.000
-1.989
-.771
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.9800*
.2034
.001
-1.589
-.371
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.5800
.2034
.006
-1.189
.029
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.8800*
.2034
.003
-1.489
-.271
Kontrol CMC Na o.5%
1.3800*
.2034
.000
.771
1.989
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.4000
.2034
.017
-.209
1.009
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.8000*
.2034
.007
.191
1.409
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.5000
.2034
.141
-.109
1.109
Kontrol CMC Na o.5%
.9800*
.2034
.001
.371
1.589
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.4000
.2034
.017
-1.009
.209
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.4000
.2034
.017
-.209
1.009
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.1000
.2034
.987
-.509
.709
Kontrol CMC Na o.5%
.5800
.2034
.006
-.029
1.189
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.8000*
.2034
.007
-1.409
-.191
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.4000
.2034
.017
-1.009
.209
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.3000
.2034
.589
-.909
.309
Kontrol CMC Na o.5%
.8800*
.2034
.003
.271
1.489
Kontrol CMC Na Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
o.5%
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
85
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.5000
.2034
.141
-1.109
.109
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.1000
.2034
.987
-.709
.509
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.3000
.2034
.589
-.309
.909
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_2
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
11.254
4
2.813
4.300
20
.215
15.554
24
F
Sig.
13.086
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_2
Tukey HSD
(I)
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Kelompok_Pen
Difference (I-
Std.
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
gujian
(J) Kelompok_Pengujian
J)
Kontrol CMC
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-2.1000*
.2933
.000
-2.978
-1.222
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-1.1800*
.2933
.005
-2.058
-.302
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.9400*
.2933
.032
-1.818
-.062
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-1.2000*
.2933
.005
-2.078
-.322
2.1000*
.2933
.000
1.222
2.978
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.9200*
.2933
.037
.042
1.798
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.1600*
.2933
.006
.282
2.038
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.9000*
.2933
.053
.022
1.778
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
1.1800*
.2933
.005
.302
2.058
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.9200*
.2933
.037
-1.798
-.042
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.2400
.2933
.922
-.638
1.118
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.0200
.2933 1.000
-.898
.858
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
.9400*
.2933
.062
1.818
na 0.5%
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
86
Sig.
Lower
.032
mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
-1.1600*
.2933
.006
-2.038
-.282
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.2400
.2933
.922
-1.118
.638
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.2600
.2933
.899
-1.138
.618
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
1.2000*
.2933
.005
.322
2.078
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.9000*
.2933
.053
-1.778
-.022
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0200
.2933 1.000
-.858
.898
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.2600
.2933
-.618
1.138
.899
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_3
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
19.728
4
4.932
4.392
20
.220
24.120
24
F
Sig.
22.459
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_3
Tukey HSD
(I)
Kelompok_Peng
ujian
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
(J) Kelompok_Pengujian
Differenc
Std.
e (I-J)
Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
Kontrol CMC na Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-2.6400*
.2964
.000
-3.527
-1.753
0.5%
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-1.3200*
.2964
.002
-2.207
-.433
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-1.2000*
.2964
.005
-2.087
-.313
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-2.0400*
.2964
.000
-2.927
-1.153
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
2.6400*
.2964
.000
1.753
3.527
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
1.3200*
.2964
.002
.433
2.207
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.4400*
.2964
.001
.553
2.327
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.6000
.2964
.291
-.287
1.487
1.3200*
.2964
.002
.433
2.207
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
87
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
-1.3200*
.2964
.002
-2.207
-.433
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.1200
.2964
.994
-.767
1.007
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.7200
.2964
.148
-1.607
.167
1.2000*
.2964
.005
.313
2.087
-1.4400*
.2964
.001
-2.327
-.553
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-.1200
.2964
.994
-1.007
.767
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.8400
.2964
.069
-1.727
.047
2.0400*
.2964
.000
1.153
2.927
-.6000
.2964
.291
-1.487
.287
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.7200
.2964
.148
-.167
1.607
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.8400
.2964
.069
-.047
1.727
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_4
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
21.956
4
5.489
4.044
20
.202
26.000
24
F
Sig.
27.146
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_4
Tukey HSD
(I)
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Kelompok_Penguj (J)
Differenc
Std.
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
ian
Kelompok_Pengujian
e (I-J)
Kontrol CMC na
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-2.7600*
.2844
.000
-3.611
-1.909
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-1.3000*
.2844
.002
-2.151
-.449
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-1.3400*
.2844
.001
-2.191
-.489
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-2.2000*
.2844
.000
-3.051
-1.349
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
2.7600*
.2844
.000
1.909
3.611
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
1.4600*
.2844
.000
.609
2.311
0.5%
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
88
Sig.
Lower
EEPK 100 mg/kg
bb
EEPK 150 mg/kg
bb
EEPK 200 mg/kg
bb
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.4200*
.2844
.001
.569
2.271
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.5600
.2844
.316
-.291
1.411
1.3000*
.2844
.002
.449
2.151
-1.4600*
.2844
.000
-2.311
-.609
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.0400
.2844
1.000
-.891
.811
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.9000*
.2844
.035
-1.751
-.049
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
1.3400*
.2844
.001
.489
2.191
-1.4200*
.2844
.001
-2.271
-.569
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0400
.2844
1.000
-.811
.891
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.8600*
.2844
.047
-1.711
-.009
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
2.2000*
.2844
.000
1.349
3.051
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.5600
.2844
.316
-1.411
.291
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.9000*
.2844
.035
.049
1.751
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.8600*
.2844
.047
.009
1.711
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ANOVA
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_5
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
26.528
4
6.632
4.112
20
.206
30.640
24
F
32.257
Sig.
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Volume_Urin_Jam_Ke_5
Tukey HSD
(I)
Kelompok_Peng
ujian
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
(J) Kelompok_Pengujian
Differenc
Std.
e (I-J)
Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
Kontrol CMC na Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-2.8200*
.2868
.000
-3.678
-1.962
0.5%
-1.2800*
.2868
.002
-2.138
-.422
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
89
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-1.5200*
.2868
.000
-2.378
-.662
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-2.6800*
.2868
.000
-3.538
-1.822
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
2.8200*
.2868
.000
1.962
3.678
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
1.5400*
.2868
.000
.682
2.398
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.3000*
.2868
.002
.442
2.158
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
.1400
.2868
.988
-.718
.998
1.2800*
.2868
.002
.422
2.138
-1.5400*
.2868
.000
-2.398
-.682
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.2400
.2868
.916
-1.098
.618
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-1.4000*
.2868
.001
-2.258
-.542
1.5200*
.2868
.000
.662
2.378
-1.3000*
.2868
.002
-2.158
-.442
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.2400
.2868
.916
-.618
1.098
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-1.1600*
.2868
.005
-2.018
-.302
2.6800*
.2868
.000
1.822
3.538
-.1400
.2868
.988
-.998
.718
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
1.4000*
.2868
.001
.542
2.258
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
1.1600*
.2868
.005
.302
2.018
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Kontrol CMC na 0.5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
90
Lampiran 18. Hasil data statistik ANAVA dengan Uji Tukey
Hasil perhitungan nilai pH urin secara ANAVA
ANOVA
Nilai_pH
Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
.018
4
.004
Within Groups
.304
20
.015
Total
.322
24
F
Sig.
.289
.881
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Nilai_pH
Tukey HSD
(I)
Kelompok_Peng (J)
ujian
Kelompok_Pengujian
CMC-Na 0,5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100
mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
mg/kg bb
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Difference
Std.
(I-J)
Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
-.0200
.0780
.999
-.253
.213
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0200
.0780
.999
-.213
.253
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.0200
.0780
.999
-.253
.213
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.0600
.0780
.936
-.293
.173
CMC-Na 0,5%
.0200
.0780
.999
-.213
.253
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0400
.0780
.985
-.193
.273
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.0000
.0780
1.000
-.233
.233
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.0400
.0780
.985
-.273
.193
CMC-Na 0,5%
-.0200
.0780
.999
-.253
.213
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
-.0400
.0780
.985
-.273
.193
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-.0400
.0780
.985
-.273
.193
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-.0800
.0780
.840
-.313
.153
CMC-Na 0,5%
.0200
.0780
.999
-.213
.253
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
.0000
.0780
1.000
-.233
.233
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0400
.0780
.985
-.193
.273
91
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
-.0400
.0780
.985
-.273
.193
CMC-Na 0,5%
.0600
.0780
.936
-.173
.293
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
.0400
.0780
.985
-.193
.273
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
.0800
.0780
.840
-.153
.313
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
.0400
.0780
.985
-.193
.273
Hasil perhitungan kadar natrium secara ANAVA
ANOVA
Kadar_Natrium
Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
9578.435
4
2394.609
Within Groups
1482.481
20
74.124
11060.916
24
Total
F
32.305
Sig.
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Kadar_Natrium
Tukey HSD
(I)
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Kelompok_Peng (J)
Difference
Std.
(I-J)
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
ujian
Kelompok_Pengujian
CMC-Na 0,5%
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb -56.61400* 5.44515
.000
-72.9079
-40.3201
EEPK 100mg/kg bb
-29.61800* 5.44515
.000
-45.9119
-13.3241
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-33.19000* 5.44515
.000
-49.4839
-16.8961
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-49.12800* 5.44515
.000
-65.4219
-32.8341
CMC-Na 0,5%
56.61400* 5.44515
.000
40.3201
72.9079
EEPK 100mg/kg bb
26.99600* 5.44515
.001
10.7021
43.2899
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
23.42400* 5.44515
.003
7.1301
39.7179
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
7.48600 5.44515
.650
-8.8079
23.7799
29.61800* 5.44515
.000
13.3241
45.9119
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb -26.99600* 5.44515
.001
-43.2899
-10.7021
Furosemid 10
mg/kg bb
EEPK 100mg/kg CMC-Na 0,5%
bb
92
Sig.
Lower
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-3.57200 5.44515
.963
-19.8659
12.7219
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-19.51000* 5.44515
.014
-35.8039
-3.2161
EEPK 150
CMC-Na 0,5%
33.19000* 5.44515
.000
16.8961
49.4839
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb -23.42400* 5.44515
.003
-39.7179
-7.1301
EEPK 100mg/kg bb
3.57200 5.44515
.963
-12.7219
19.8659
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-15.93800 5.44515
.057
-32.2319
.3559
CMC-Na 0,5%
49.12800* 5.44515
.000
32.8341
65.4219
-7.48600 5.44515
.650
-23.7799
8.8079
EEPK 100mg/kg bb
19.51000* 5.44515
.014
3.2161
35.8039
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
15.93800 5.44515
.057
-.3559
32.2319
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10 mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
Hasil perhitungan kadar kalium secara ANAVA
ANOVA
Kadar_Kalium
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
1634.840
4
408.710
482.386
20
24.119
2117.225
24
F
16.945
Sig.
.000
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons
Kadar_Kalium
Tukey HSD
(I)
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Kelompok_Peng (J)
Difference
Std.
(I-J)
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
ujian
Kelompok_Pengujian
CMC-Na 0,5%
Furosemid 10mg/kg bb -24.14400* 3.10608
.000
-33.4385
-14.8495
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
-7.21000 3.10608
.009
-16.5045
2.0845
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-10.85200* 3.10608
.017
-20.1465
-1.5575
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-15.50400* 3.10608
.001
-24.7985
-6.2095
24.14400* 3.10608
.000
14.8495
33.4385
Furosemid
CMC-Na 0,5%
93
Sig.
Lower
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
16.93400* 3.10608
.000
7.6395
26.2285
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
13.29200* 3.10608
.003
3.9975
22.5865
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
8.64000 3.10608
.076
-.6545
17.9345
EEPK 100
CMC-Na 0,5%
7.21000 3.10608
.009
-2.0845
16.5045
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10mg/kg bb -16.93400* 3.10608
.000
-26.2285
-7.6395
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
-3.64200 3.10608
.766
-12.9365
5.6525
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-8.29400 3.10608
.095
-17.5885
1.0005
10mg/kg bb
EEPK 150
CMC-Na 0,5%
10.85200* 3.10608
.017
1.5575
20.1465
mg/kg bb
Furosemid 10mg/kg bb -13.29200* 3.10608
.003
-22.5865
-3.9975
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
3.64200 3.10608
.766
-5.6525
12.9365
EEPK 200 mg/kg bb
-4.65200 3.10608
.576
-13.9465
4.6425
15.50400* 3.10608
.001
6.2095
24.7985
-8.64000 3.10608
.076
-17.9345
.6545
EEPK 100 mg/kg bb
8.29400 3.10608
.095
-1.0005
17.5885
EEPK 150 mg/kg bb
4.65200 3.10608
.576
-4.6425
13.9465
EEPK 200
mg/kg bb
CMC-Na 0,5%
Furosemid 10mg/kg bb
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
94