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ISSN (PRINT) 2085-4102
ISSN (ONLINE) 2338-7343

ASPIRATOR

ASPIRATOR

Jurnal Penelitian Penyakit Tular Vektor

(Journal of Vector-borne Diseases Studies)
VOLUME 9 NOMOR 1 JUNI 2017
www.ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/aspirator

VOLUME 9 NOMOR 1
JUNI 2017 HAL. 1-50
Aspirator

Vol. 9

No. 1

Hal. 1-50

Ciamis,
Juni 2017

TERAKREDITASI SK No.582/Akred/P2MI-LIPI/09/2014

Ke e teria Kesehata Republik I do esia
Bada Pe eliia da Pe ge ba ga Kesehata
Loka Litba g P2B2 Cia is

ISSN
2085-4102

   Vol. 9 No. 1, Juni 2017  

ISSN (PRINT): 2085‐4102  
ISSN (ONLINE): 2338‐7343

Jurnal Penelitian Penyakit Tular Vektor

(Journal of Vector-Borne Diseases Studies)

DAFTAR ISI
EDITORIAL

Perilaku Nyamuk Mansonia dan Potensi Reservoar dalam Penularan Filariasis di
Desa Gulinggang Kabupaten Balangan Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan

Supriyono, Suriyani Tan, Upik Kesumawati Hadi ...........................................................1-10


Keanekaragaman Anopheles spp. di Daerah Endemis Malaria Desa Siayuh Trans
Kabupaten Kotabaru Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan

Liestiana Indriyati, Wulan Sari Rasna Sembiring, Akhmad Rosanji .............................11-20


Determinasi Strain Aedes aegypti linn. yang Rentan (omozigot dengan Metode
Seleksi )ndukan Tunggal

Isfanda, Upik Kesumawati Hadi, Susi Soviana ...............................................................21-28


Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti Larvae against Temephos in Dengue (emorrhagic
Fever Endemic Area Tasikmalaya City

Hubullah Fuadzy, Tri Wahono, Mutiara Widawati .........................................................29-34


)nsektisida Rumah Tangga dan Keberadaan Larva Aedes aegypti di Jakarta Selatan

Mutiara Widawati, Nurul Hidayati Kusumastuti .............................................................35-42


Karakteristik (abitat dan Keberadaan Larva Aedes spp. pada Wilayah Kasus Demam
Berdarah Dengue Tertinggi dan Terendah di Kota Tasikmalaya

Muhammad Umar Riandi, Upik Kesumawati Hadi, Susi Soviana .................................43-50

ASPIRATOR – Jurnal Penelitian Penyakit Tular Vektor
Journal of Vector Borne Diseases Studies
ISSN 2085-4102
E-ISSN 2338-7343
LEMBAR ABSTRAK
Abstract Sheet
(Volume 9 Nomor 1 Juni 2017)
Lembar abstrak ini boleh digandakan tanpa ijin dan biaya
This abstract sheet may reproduced/copied without any permission and/or charge

Perilaku Nyamuk Mansonia dan Potensi
Reservoar dalam Penularan Filariasis di
Desa Gulinggang Kabupaten Balangan
Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Behavior of Mansonia and Potency of Reservoar
on Transmiting of Filariasis in Gulinggang Village
Balangan District South Kalimantan Provincy
Supriyono, Suriyani Tan, Upik Kesumawati Hadi
Abstract. Mansonia is the one of mosquitoes that

can transmit filariasis in Indonesia. The research
was conducted to determine diversity of Mansonia
in Gulinggang Village Balangan District South
Kalimantan Provincy and the role of reservoar on
transmiting filariasis. The research was conducted
in January until Mei 2015 with cross sectional data
collection. Adult mosquitoes were collected by
Bare Leg Collection method on three houses, which
have patients with possitive filaria. Adult
mosquitoes collecting were done in indoor and
outdoor start from 18.00-06.00. Blood sampling
were done on cats that maintenance by the origin
people to observe of microfilaria. The result
showed there were five species of Mansonia i.e Ma.
uniformis, Ma. dives, Ma. annulifera, Ma.
annulata, dan Ma. bonneae. Ma. uniformis was the
most collected mosquitoes indoor biting (37.99%),
and Ma. dives is the most outdoor biting (56.80%).
The biting activity of Ma. uniformis was peak
indoors at 18:00–18:45 and outdoor at 20:00–

20:45. The biting activity of Ma. dives was peak
outdoor at 19:00-19:45. Eight from ten (80%)
domestic cats were positive of microfilaria. Based
on the result, it was conclude that filariasis in
Gulinggang village was supported by the existence
of domestic cat and the vectors.
Keywords: filariasis, Mansonia,
microfilaria, Gulinggang Village

reservoar,

Abstrak. Mansonia merupakan satu
genus nyamuk yang berperan dalam
filariasis di Indonesia. Penelitian ini
untuk mengetahui keragaman jenis
Mansonia dan peranan reservoar dalam

di antara
penularan
bertujuan

nyamuk
penularan

filariasis di Desa Gulinggang Kabupaten Balangan
Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian survei
dilakukan di Desa Gulinggang yang merupakan
desa endemik filariasis yaitu pada bulan Januari
sampai dengan Mei 2015 dengan pengumpulan
data
secara
cross
sectional.
Penelitian
menggunakan 3 rumah yang terdapat penderita
filariasis. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan dengan
metode Bare Leg Collection. Penangkapan
dilakukan di dalam dan di luar rumah dari pukul
18:00-06:00. Pengambilan darah dilakukan pada
kucing domestik peliharaan penduduk setempat
untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan mikrofilaria. Hasil

penelitian didapatkan lima spesies nyamuk yaitu
Ma. uniformis, Ma. dives, Ma. annulifera, Ma.
annulata, dan Ma. bonneae. Ma. uniformis
merupakan nyamuk yang paling banyak tertangkap
di dalam rumah yaitu sebesar 37.99% sedangkan
nyamuk Ma. dives banyak tertangkap di luar
rumah yaitu sebesar 56.80%. Puncak kepadatan
nyamuk Ma. uniformis ini mengisap darah orang di
dalam rumah terjadi pada pukul 18:00–18:45,
sedangkan di luar rumah pada pukul 20:00–20:45.
Ma. dives memiliki puncak kepadatan pada pukul
19:00-19:45. Sebanyak 10 ekor kucing yang
diperiksa darah, menunjukkan 8 ekor terdapat
mikrofilaria. Dari data ini menunjukkan bahwa
kejadian filariasis di Desa Gulinggang selain
terdapat nyamuk sebagai vektornya juga kucing
juga berperan sebagai reservoarnya.
Kata Kunci: filariasis, Mansonia, reservoar,
mikrofilaria, Desa Gulinggang
_________________________________________

Keanekaragaman Anopheles spp. di Daerah
Endemis Malaria Desa Siayuh (Trans)
Kabupaten Kotabaru Provinsi Kalimantan
Selatan
Diversity of Anopheles spp. in Endemic Area of
Malaria Siayuh Village (Trans) Kotabaru Regency
South Borneo Province
Liestiana Indriyati, Wulan Sari Rasna Sembiring,
Akhmad Rosanji

Abstract The Health Research in 2010 informed
that the prevalence of Malaria in Indonesia was
0.6%, and it was the sixth highest caused of death
on infectious diseases. Malaria is transmitted by
Anopheles spp. About 70 species of Anopheles have
been identified as vectors of Malaria in the world,
24 species exist in Indonesia. The aim of this study
was to determine the suspects of mosquito vectors
and the density of mosquitoes in endemic areas, so

we can establish the best interventions for vector
control in the location. The research was held in
Siayuh (Trans) village, Bungkukan Sub District of
Kotabaru Regency in February 2015. The activities
are mosquito’s collection (adult and larvae),
mosquito identification, environmental survey and
PCR test. Mosquito’s night collection was done by
indoor and outdoor human landing collection
method and rest collection in wall and cattle. The
result of mosquito’s collection in Siayuh (Trans)
village was 8 species of Anopheles spp. The highest
percentage was Anopheles tesselatus (56%)
followed by An. vagus (14%), An. kochi (11%)
and An. hyrcanus group (9%). Diverse species,
abundance and high density of mosquitoes in
Siayuh (Trans) village was due to the geographical
conditions of the village, it surrounded by marsh
and many limestone puddles as a breeding habitat
of Anopheles spp. Anopheles spp. were found in
Siayuh (Trans) village and it tend to be zoophilic,

bite and resting out of the house, especially in the
cattle, it makes the activities of people around the
cattle at night cause a higher risk for Malaria
transmission.
Keywords: Anopheles, vector, Malaria, Kota Baru
Abstrak. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2010,
prevalensi Malaria di Indonesia 0,6% dan
merupakan penyebab kematian ke-6 pada penyakit
menular. Malaria ditularkan oleh nyamuk
Anopheles spp. sekitar 70 spesies Anopheles spp.
telah teridentifikasi sebagai vektor Malaria di
dunia, 24 spesies di antaranya ada di Indonesia.
Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui spesies dan
kepadatan tersangka nyamuk vektor Malaria di
daerah endemis Desa Siayuh (Trans) Kecamatan
Bungkukan Kabupaten Kotabaru. Kegiatan
dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2015 yaitu
penangkapan nyamuk dewasa dan pradewasa,
identifikasi nyamuk, survei lingkungan dan uji
PCR. Kegiatan penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan
sepanjang malam dengan metode Umpan Orang
Dalam (UOD), Umpan Orang Luar (UOL), resting
dinding dan kandang ternak. Hasil penelitian yaitu
ditemukan 8 spesies Anopheles spp. dengan
persentase tertinggi Anopheles tesselatus (61,51%)
diikuti oleh An. vagus
(11,36%), An. kochi
(9,15%) dan An. hyrcanus gr (6,94%).
Keanekaragaman
spesies,
kelimpahan
dan
kepadatan nyamuk yang tinggi di Desa Siayuh

(Trans) akibat kondisi geografis desa yang
dikelilingi rawa dan banyaknya genangan air akibat
kobakan batu kapur yang menjadi tempat
perkembangbiakan Anopheles spp. Nyamuk
Anopheles spp. yang ditemukan di Desa Siayuh
(Trans) cenderung bersifat zoofilik dan lebih
banyak ditemukan menggigit dan istirahat di luar
rumah khususnya kandang sehingga aktivitas
warga di sekitar kandang ternak pada malam hari
menjadi risiko bagi penularan Malaria.

Kata Kunci: Anopheles, vektor, Malaria, Kotabaru

Determinasi Strain Aedes aegypti (Linn.)
yang Rentan Homozigot dengan Metode
Seleksi Indukan Tunggal
Determination of Homozygous Strain in Aedes
aegypti (Linn.) Using Single Sib-selection Method
Isfanda, Upik Kesumawati Hadi, Susi Soviana
Abstract. Aedes aegypti is a type of mosquito that
can carry dengue virus, yellow fever and
chikunguya. The spread of this mosquito is very
broad, covering almost all tropical regions
worldwide. This study aims to determine the
vulnerability status of homozygous Ae. aegypti.
Sample of Ae. aegypti is mosquito strain from
Health Entomology Laboratory Bogor Institute of
Agriculture and at random sampling. Ae. aegypti
eggs which comes from the breeders hatched
separately. Insecticide-treated paper (impregnated
paper) malathion, bendiokarb and deltamethrin are
use for insecticides testing using WHO test kit. The
analysis showed that the mosquito Ae. aegypti
tested with a single sire selection method and were
exposed to the insecticide malathion, propoksur,
and showed an increasing trend sipermetrin
vulnerability homozygous at each generation. As
for the fourth generation (F4) has not shown
changes into a strain that is homozygous
susceptible to three types of insecticides. The
formation of homozygous susceptible strains take
over five generations.
Keywords: Ae. aegypti, malathion, bendiocarb,
deltamethrin, single sib-selection method
Abstrak. Aedes aegypti merupakan jenis nyamuk
yang dapat membawa virus dengue, demam kuning
(yellow fever) dan chikunguya. Penyebaran nyamuk
ini sangat luas, meliputi hampir semua daerah
tropis di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan
mengetahui status kerentanan nyamuk Ae. aegypti
secara homozigot. Nyamuk Ae. aegypti yang
dijadikan sampel yaitu nyamuk dewasa strain yang
ada di Laboratorium Entomologi Kesehatan Institut

Pertanian Bogor dan diambil secara acak. Telur Ae.
aegypti yang berasal dari satu indukan ditetaskan
secara terpisah. Insektisida yang digunakan untuk
pengujian menggunakan kertas berinsektisida
(impregnated paper) malation, bendiokarb, dan
deltametrin dengan menggunakan WHO test kit.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nyamuk Ae.
aegypti yang diuji dengan metode seleksi indukan
tunggal serta dipaparkan dengan insektisida
malation,
propoksur,
dan
sipermetrin
memperlihatkan tren peningkatan kerentanan
secara homozigot pada setiap generasi. Adapun
pada generasi keempat (F4) belum menunjukkan
perubahan menjadi strain yang homozigot rentan
terhadap tiga jenis insektisida. Pembentukan strain
homozigot rentan memerlukan waktu di atas lima
generasi.
Kata Kunci: Ae. aegypti, malation, bendiokarb,
deltametrin, metode seleksi indukan tunggal.
_______________________________________

Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti Larvae
against Temephos in Dengue Hemorrhagic
Fever Endemic Area, Tasikmalaya City
Kerentanan Larva Aedes aegypti terhadap Temefos
pada Daerah Endemik DBD di Kota Tasikmalaya

Abstract. One of the efforts for controlling Aedes
aegypti as dengue vector is by using synthetic
larvacide such as temephos. Continuous and
repeating utilization of temephos may increase the
risk of resistance. The objective of this study was to
determine the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti larvae
against temephos in endemic areas of dengue fever
in Tasikmalaya. This was a true experimental study
with a block-randomized design. The populations
were Ae. Aegypti larvae, which existed at
household in Tasikmalaya City. There were 700
larvae of Ae. aegypti, which taken from households
in each DHF endemic area, and have been bred to
third generation (F3). Susceptibility of temephos
was tested by Elliot and Polson methods using
WHO diagnostic dose 0.02 ppm. Results showed
that the LC95 of temephos were 0.00926 ppm in
Village of Sukamanah, 0.01015 ppm in Village of
Cikalang, 0.01137 ppm in Village of Kersanagara,
and 0.02045 ppm in Village of Tugujaya. The
conclusion is Ae. aegypti larvae from Tugujaya was
indicated resistant to temephos.
Keywords: Resistance, Aedes aegypti, temephos,
susceptibility.
_______________________________________

Insektisida Rumah Tangga dan Keberadaan
Larva Aedes aegypti di Jakarta Selatan

Hubullah Fuadzy, Tri Wahono, Mutiara Widawati
Abstrak. Salah satu upaya pengendalian vektor
nyamuk Aedes aegypti adalah menggunakan
larvasida sintetis seperti temefos. Pemanfaatan
temefos secara terus-menerus dan berulang
meningkatkan risiko resistensi. Tujuan penelitian
adalah untuk menentukan kerentanan larva Ae.
aegypti terhadap temefos pada daerah endemis
Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kota
Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian
eksperimen dengan rancangan acak kelompok.
Populasi adalah larva Ae. aegypti yang berada
pada rumah tinggal di Kota Tasikmalaya. Jumlah
sampel sebanyak 700 larva nyamuk Ae. aegypti
yang diperoleh dari rumah tinggal di daerah
endemis DBD dan telah dibiakkan hingga
keturunan ketiga (F3). Kerentanan temefos diuji
dengan metode Elliot dan Polson menggunakan
konsentrasi diagnostik WHO sebesar 0,02 ppm.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LC95 temefos
adalah 0,00926 ppm di Kelurahan Sukamanah,
0,01015 ppm di Kelurahan Cikalang, 0,01137 ppm
di Kelurahan Kersanagara, dan 0,02045 ppm di
Kelurahan Tugujaya. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan
bahwa larva Ae. aegypti dari Tugujaya terindikasi
resisten terhadap temefos.
Kata Kunci: Resistensi, Aedes aegypti, temefos,
kerentanan.

Household Insecticides and The Existence of Aedes
aegypti Larvae in South Jakarta
Mutiara Widawati, Nurul Hidayati Kusumastuti
Abstract. There are many research about
household insecticides, however research about the
effect of household insecticide active ingredients to
the presence of larvae has never been optimized
yet. There are some people in Indonesia who think
that to avoid mosquito bites simply can be done by
only using insecticides. Some types of insecticides
has been used since long time ago to control
mosquitoes in households, but until now, research
about mosquitoes control by insecticides is limited
to adult mosquitoes only. Research about the effect
of household insecticide active ingredients to the
presence of larvae has never been done. Therefore,
this study aims to determine the relationship
between the various content of the insecticide to the
presence of larvae in South Jakarta as densely
populated area. 300 household were used as
samples, data about the use of insecticide,
insecticide’s active ingredients and the presence of
larvae were collected and observed. Data was
analyzed using chi-square analysis. The results
showed that there is a wide variety of household
insecticide used by samples. Most of the samples
use insecticides with pyrethroid as it active
ingredients. From the chi-square analysis, we

concluded that there is no relationship between the
various household insecticides to the presence or
the absence of Aedes aegypti larvae in South
Jakarta.
Keywords: household insecticide, larvae, Aedes
aegypti, south Jakarta
Abstrak. Penelitian mengenai insektisida rumah
tangga hingga kini sudah banyak dilakukan.
Namun, penelitian mengenai pengaruh bahan aktif
insektisida rumah tangga terhadap keberadaan larva
belum pernah dilakukan. Padahal sebagian pola
pikir masyarakat di Indonesia ada yang
menganggap bahwa untuk terhindar dari nyamuk
cukup dengan menggunakan insektisida. Maka
penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui
hubungan antara macam-macam kandungan
insektisida terhadap keberadaan larva di
lingkungan tempat tinggal di Jakarta Selatan
sebagai pemukiman padat penduduk. Berbagai
jenis bahan insektisida sudah lama dimanfaatkan
untuk mengendalikan nyamuk di rumah tangga,
tetapi hingga kini penelitian hanya diterapkan pada
nyamuk dewasa saja. Penelitian mengenai
pengaruh bahan aktif insektisida rumah tangga
terhadap keberadaan larva masih belum ada. Maka
penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh
bahan-bahan aktif insektisida yang digunakan di
rumah tangga terhadap keberadaan larva.
Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di wilayah Jakarta
Selatan. Sampel diambil sebanyak 300 rumah
tangga dengan mencakup data pemakaian bahanbahan aktif insektisida dan keberadaan larva. Data
dianalisis menggunakan analisis chi-square. Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan terdapat berbagai variasi
bahan aktif insektisida rumah tangga dengan
mayoritas pemakaian adalah piretroid. Hasil
penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada
hubungan antara macam-macam insektisida rumah
tangga dengan ada tidaknya larva Ae.aegypti di
Jakarta Selatan.
Kata Kunci: Insektisida rumah tangga, larva,
Aedes aegypti, Jakarta Selatan

Karakteristik Habitat dan Keberadaan
Larva Aedes spp. pada Wilayah Kasus
Demam Berdarah Dengue Tertinggi dan
Terendah di Kota Tasikmalaya
Aedes spp. Habitat Characteristic and Larvae
Presence in High and Low Dengue Hemorraghic
Fever Case in Tasikmalaya City.
Muhammad Umar Riandi, Upik Kesumawati Hadi,
Susi Soviana

Abstract. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a vectorborne disease caused by dengue virus and
transmitted by Aedes spp. Controlling the mosquito
population is currently the only means to prevent
dengue outbreaks. The highest dengue case in
Tasikmalaya City until July 2015 was in Cikalang
village dan the lowest in Cibunigeulis village. This
research was an observational study with a crosssectional design with the aim to determine vector
density and Aedes sp. presence risk factor based
on habitat characteristic in the highest and lowest
dengue cases regions. Aedes spp. breeding sites
and their characteristic were examined indoor and
outdoor at 100 house each in Cikalang dan
Cibunigeulis village. The result showed that in
Cikalang, larval presence was mostly found in a
non-water-reservoir containers (18.4%), indoor
(6.5%), made of cement/soil/rubber (11.1%), open
lid (7.5%),