Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien dan Rasionalitas Swamedikasi di Empat Apotek Kecamatan Medan Marelan
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PASIEN DAN RASIONALITAS
SWAMEDIKASI DI EMPAT APOTEK KECAMATAN
MEDAN MARELAN
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang : Swamedikasi adalah upaya manusia untuk mengobati penyakit
atau gejala penyakit ringan seperti demam, batuk, flu, nyeri dan lain-lain tanpa
resep dokter. Pada pelaksanaannya, keterbatasan pengetahuan akan obat dan
penggunaannya dapat menjadi sumber kesalahan pengobatan (medication error).
Metode : Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian deskriptif crosssectional. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik pengisian kuesioner yang telah
divalidasi.Sebanyak 350 orang responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini dipilih
dengan metode consecutive sampling dari 4 apotek di Kecamatan Medan Marelan
yang ditentukan secara proporsional sesuai dengan populasi masing-masing
apotek. Data dianalisis menggunakan Statistical Product and Servicer Solution
(SPSS) versi 17.
Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan pasien 21,1%
tergolong baik, 31,9% tergolong sedang, dan 39,7% tergolong buruk. Penggunaan
obat swamedikasi 78,9% rasional dan 21,1% tidak rasional. Berdasarkan hasil uji
Chi-square dan Fisher’s, tingkat pengetahuan dipengaruhi oleh usia, jenis
kelamin, pendidikan terakhir dan pekerjaan. Sedangkan rasionalitas swamedikasi
tidak dipengaruhi faktor sosiodemografi.
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa tingkat pengetahuan
pasien tergolong sedang dengan nilai rata-rata 64,57%. Penggunaan obat
swamedikasi yang tidak rasional mencapai 21,1%.
Kata kunci : Swamedikasi, Pengetahuan, Rasionalitas penggunaan obat,
Marelan.
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LEVEL KNOWLEDGE OF PATIENT AND RATIONALITY OF SELF
MEDICATION IN FOUR PHARMACIES MARELAN
ABSTRACT
Background: Self-medication is people efforts to treat themselves or illness
symptom as fever, cough, influenza, painful and ect without prescription
physician. In practice, lack of knowledge about drugs and their use can be source
of drug related problem (medication error).
Method: This study was using cross-sectional descriptive method. Data was
collected by using a validated questionnaire. Total respondents 350 humans that
mixed up with this study chosen base on consecutive sampling method from four
pharmacies in Marelan which determined proportionately agree with each
population. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisher’s test using Statistical
Product and Servicer Solution (SPSS) version 17.
Results: The research shows that level knowledge of patient 21.1% were good
classified, 31.9% were medium classified, and 39.7% were bad classified. Drug
use self medication were 78.9% rational and 21.1% irrational used. Based the
result of Chi-square. Age, gender, educated and jobs can influence the level of
knowledge, Mean while rationality of self medication use was not influenced by
sociodemography factor.
Conclusion: Based on the research results obtained that level knowledge of
patient were moderate classified with the value of the average 64.57%. Irrational
drug use self medication was reached 21.1%.
Keywords : Self Medication, Knowledge, Rationality Drug use, Marelan.
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
SWAMEDIKASI DI EMPAT APOTEK KECAMATAN
MEDAN MARELAN
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang : Swamedikasi adalah upaya manusia untuk mengobati penyakit
atau gejala penyakit ringan seperti demam, batuk, flu, nyeri dan lain-lain tanpa
resep dokter. Pada pelaksanaannya, keterbatasan pengetahuan akan obat dan
penggunaannya dapat menjadi sumber kesalahan pengobatan (medication error).
Metode : Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian deskriptif crosssectional. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik pengisian kuesioner yang telah
divalidasi.Sebanyak 350 orang responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini dipilih
dengan metode consecutive sampling dari 4 apotek di Kecamatan Medan Marelan
yang ditentukan secara proporsional sesuai dengan populasi masing-masing
apotek. Data dianalisis menggunakan Statistical Product and Servicer Solution
(SPSS) versi 17.
Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan pasien 21,1%
tergolong baik, 31,9% tergolong sedang, dan 39,7% tergolong buruk. Penggunaan
obat swamedikasi 78,9% rasional dan 21,1% tidak rasional. Berdasarkan hasil uji
Chi-square dan Fisher’s, tingkat pengetahuan dipengaruhi oleh usia, jenis
kelamin, pendidikan terakhir dan pekerjaan. Sedangkan rasionalitas swamedikasi
tidak dipengaruhi faktor sosiodemografi.
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa tingkat pengetahuan
pasien tergolong sedang dengan nilai rata-rata 64,57%. Penggunaan obat
swamedikasi yang tidak rasional mencapai 21,1%.
Kata kunci : Swamedikasi, Pengetahuan, Rasionalitas penggunaan obat,
Marelan.
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LEVEL KNOWLEDGE OF PATIENT AND RATIONALITY OF SELF
MEDICATION IN FOUR PHARMACIES MARELAN
ABSTRACT
Background: Self-medication is people efforts to treat themselves or illness
symptom as fever, cough, influenza, painful and ect without prescription
physician. In practice, lack of knowledge about drugs and their use can be source
of drug related problem (medication error).
Method: This study was using cross-sectional descriptive method. Data was
collected by using a validated questionnaire. Total respondents 350 humans that
mixed up with this study chosen base on consecutive sampling method from four
pharmacies in Marelan which determined proportionately agree with each
population. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisher’s test using Statistical
Product and Servicer Solution (SPSS) version 17.
Results: The research shows that level knowledge of patient 21.1% were good
classified, 31.9% were medium classified, and 39.7% were bad classified. Drug
use self medication were 78.9% rational and 21.1% irrational used. Based the
result of Chi-square. Age, gender, educated and jobs can influence the level of
knowledge, Mean while rationality of self medication use was not influenced by
sociodemography factor.
Conclusion: Based on the research results obtained that level knowledge of
patient were moderate classified with the value of the average 64.57%. Irrational
drug use self medication was reached 21.1%.
Keywords : Self Medication, Knowledge, Rationality Drug use, Marelan.
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara