The Analysis of English Political Loanwords and Their Adaptation Into Indonesian Found in Kompas Gramedia Newspapers.
THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LOANWORDS IN POLITICAL ARTICLES
AND THEIR ADAPTATION INTO INDONESIAN FOUND IN
KOMPAS GRAMEDIA NEWSPAPERS
I WAYAN ARIMBAWA
NIM: 1118351013
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
DENPASAR
2016
II
THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LOANWORDS IN POLITICAL ARTICLES
AND THEIR ADAPTATION INTO INDONESIAN FOUND IN
KOMPAS GRAMEDIA NEWSPAPERS
I WAYAN ARIMBAWA
NIM: 1118351013
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
DENPASAR
2016
I
II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First I would like to express my greatest to Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wasa the powerful
and the merciful for giving me the guidance, the power, the patience, and the ability to finish
this final paper by the time. I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to
Prof. Dr. Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha, M. A as the Dean of Faculty of Arts, and also to Prof. Dr. Ni
Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati, Dip.TEFL., M.A. as the former Head of the English Department
Non-Regular Program for giving all facilities and opportunities in completing this final paper.
My great thankfulness is due to Drs. I Nyoman Udayana, M. Litt., Ph.D. as my first
supervisor and Ni Made Ayu Widiastuti, S.S., M.Hum. as my second supervisor for their
willingness sharing times and patience in guiding, correcting, and supervising this thesis.
Further, I gratefully thank all of the supports given during the writing in this paper. My precious
respect is also addressed to all of the lecturers and staff members in Arts especially in English
Department. I am really indebted to all of the knowledge in my study time.
Eventually in this occasion I would like to dedicate my heartfelt thankfulness to my
parents, my family, all of my friends, who lovingly help and support my study. I hope this
paper is helpful for everyone who need the information. Any suggestion and comments will be
highly appreciated.
Denpasar, July 2016
I Wayan Arimbawa
III
ABSTRACT
This research paper is entitled The Analysis of English Loanword in Political Articles
and Their Adaptation into Indonesian Found in Kompas Gramedia Newspapers. The aim of
this study was to find out types of borrowing words and their phonologically adaptation from
English into Indonesian especially in political terminology.
The theory used in this study was proposed by a professor of linguistics named Charles
F. Hockett (1958) based on his book entitled “A Course of Modern Linguistics” stated three
types of loans or borrowing depend on phonological and semantic characteristic those are;
loanwords, loan blends and loan shifts. The data of this paper analysis used descriptive
qualitative method. The data obtained from Kompas Gramedia Newspaper published in
Februari 1, 2016 in coloum of “politik dan hukum”.
To support the analysis, there were three dictionaries used as reference, such as
Indonesian – English dictionary written by Alan M. Stevens, A. Ed. Schmidgall-Tellings,
Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) and Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary.
The study results showed that the loanwords from English were adapted in Indonesian
terminology through a phonological process and the adapted words might undergo changes of
meaning such as extension, narrowing.
Keywords: Loanwords, phonological, adaptation, meaning
IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL SHEET
i
ACKOWLEDGEMENTS
ii
ABSTRACT
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
iv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1
1.1 Background of Study
1
1.2 Problems of Study
4
1.3 Aims of Study
4
1.4 Scope of Discussion
4
1.5 Research Method
5
1.5.1 Data Source
5
1.5.2 Method and Technique of Collecting Data
6
1.5.3 Method and Technique of Analyzing Data
7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURES, CONCEPTS AND
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
10
2.1 Literatures Review
10
2.2 Concepts
12
2.2.1 Sociolinguistic
13
2.2.2 Language Contact
13
2.2.3 Borrowing Words
13
V
2.3 Theoretical Framework
14
2.3.1 Types of Loanwords
14
2.3.1.1 Loanword
15
2.3.1.2 Loan Blend
15
2.3.1.3 Loan Shift
15
2.3.2 Changes of Meaning
15
2.3.2.1 Definition of Meaning
16
2.3.2.2 Cause Meaning Changes
19
2.3.2.3 Types Change of Meaning
20
2.3.3 Process of Adaptation in Loanword
22
2.3.3.1 English Word Formation
22
2.3.3.2 Indonesian Word Formation
25
2.3.3.3 Phonological Adaptation
29
2.3.3.4 Native Substitution Element in English
30
CHAPTER III THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LOANWORDS
IN INDONESIAN POLITICAL TERMS
31
3.1 Characteristics of Loanwords and Lists of Terms
32
3.2 Analysis of Data
35
3.2.1 Borrowing Words without Change of Meaning
36
3.2.2 Borrowing Words with Change of Meaning
48
3.3 Phonological Adaptation
51
3.3.1 Changes of Vowel Sound Substitution
52
3.3.2 Changes of Consonant Sounds Substitution
54
3.3.3 Addition Process of Borrowing
56
VI
3.3.4 Deletion Process of Borrowing
56
3.3.5 Substitution of Native Element in English
57
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION
59
BIBLIOGRAPHY
60
APPENDICES
64
VII
AND THEIR ADAPTATION INTO INDONESIAN FOUND IN
KOMPAS GRAMEDIA NEWSPAPERS
I WAYAN ARIMBAWA
NIM: 1118351013
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
DENPASAR
2016
II
THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LOANWORDS IN POLITICAL ARTICLES
AND THEIR ADAPTATION INTO INDONESIAN FOUND IN
KOMPAS GRAMEDIA NEWSPAPERS
I WAYAN ARIMBAWA
NIM: 1118351013
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
DENPASAR
2016
I
II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First I would like to express my greatest to Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wasa the powerful
and the merciful for giving me the guidance, the power, the patience, and the ability to finish
this final paper by the time. I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to
Prof. Dr. Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha, M. A as the Dean of Faculty of Arts, and also to Prof. Dr. Ni
Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati, Dip.TEFL., M.A. as the former Head of the English Department
Non-Regular Program for giving all facilities and opportunities in completing this final paper.
My great thankfulness is due to Drs. I Nyoman Udayana, M. Litt., Ph.D. as my first
supervisor and Ni Made Ayu Widiastuti, S.S., M.Hum. as my second supervisor for their
willingness sharing times and patience in guiding, correcting, and supervising this thesis.
Further, I gratefully thank all of the supports given during the writing in this paper. My precious
respect is also addressed to all of the lecturers and staff members in Arts especially in English
Department. I am really indebted to all of the knowledge in my study time.
Eventually in this occasion I would like to dedicate my heartfelt thankfulness to my
parents, my family, all of my friends, who lovingly help and support my study. I hope this
paper is helpful for everyone who need the information. Any suggestion and comments will be
highly appreciated.
Denpasar, July 2016
I Wayan Arimbawa
III
ABSTRACT
This research paper is entitled The Analysis of English Loanword in Political Articles
and Their Adaptation into Indonesian Found in Kompas Gramedia Newspapers. The aim of
this study was to find out types of borrowing words and their phonologically adaptation from
English into Indonesian especially in political terminology.
The theory used in this study was proposed by a professor of linguistics named Charles
F. Hockett (1958) based on his book entitled “A Course of Modern Linguistics” stated three
types of loans or borrowing depend on phonological and semantic characteristic those are;
loanwords, loan blends and loan shifts. The data of this paper analysis used descriptive
qualitative method. The data obtained from Kompas Gramedia Newspaper published in
Februari 1, 2016 in coloum of “politik dan hukum”.
To support the analysis, there were three dictionaries used as reference, such as
Indonesian – English dictionary written by Alan M. Stevens, A. Ed. Schmidgall-Tellings,
Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) and Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary.
The study results showed that the loanwords from English were adapted in Indonesian
terminology through a phonological process and the adapted words might undergo changes of
meaning such as extension, narrowing.
Keywords: Loanwords, phonological, adaptation, meaning
IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL SHEET
i
ACKOWLEDGEMENTS
ii
ABSTRACT
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
iv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1
1.1 Background of Study
1
1.2 Problems of Study
4
1.3 Aims of Study
4
1.4 Scope of Discussion
4
1.5 Research Method
5
1.5.1 Data Source
5
1.5.2 Method and Technique of Collecting Data
6
1.5.3 Method and Technique of Analyzing Data
7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURES, CONCEPTS AND
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
10
2.1 Literatures Review
10
2.2 Concepts
12
2.2.1 Sociolinguistic
13
2.2.2 Language Contact
13
2.2.3 Borrowing Words
13
V
2.3 Theoretical Framework
14
2.3.1 Types of Loanwords
14
2.3.1.1 Loanword
15
2.3.1.2 Loan Blend
15
2.3.1.3 Loan Shift
15
2.3.2 Changes of Meaning
15
2.3.2.1 Definition of Meaning
16
2.3.2.2 Cause Meaning Changes
19
2.3.2.3 Types Change of Meaning
20
2.3.3 Process of Adaptation in Loanword
22
2.3.3.1 English Word Formation
22
2.3.3.2 Indonesian Word Formation
25
2.3.3.3 Phonological Adaptation
29
2.3.3.4 Native Substitution Element in English
30
CHAPTER III THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LOANWORDS
IN INDONESIAN POLITICAL TERMS
31
3.1 Characteristics of Loanwords and Lists of Terms
32
3.2 Analysis of Data
35
3.2.1 Borrowing Words without Change of Meaning
36
3.2.2 Borrowing Words with Change of Meaning
48
3.3 Phonological Adaptation
51
3.3.1 Changes of Vowel Sound Substitution
52
3.3.2 Changes of Consonant Sounds Substitution
54
3.3.3 Addition Process of Borrowing
56
VI
3.3.4 Deletion Process of Borrowing
56
3.3.5 Substitution of Native Element in English
57
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION
59
BIBLIOGRAPHY
60
APPENDICES
64
VII