BRAVERY AND RESILIENCE IN PITTACUS LORE’S Bravery And Resilience In Pittacus Lore’s I Am Number Four Novel (2010): An Individual Psychological Approach.
BRAVERY AND RESILIENCE IN PITTACUS LORE’S
I AM NUMBER FOUR NOVEL (2010):
AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requrements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
Yunita Fitriawati
A 320090043
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
1
ii
iii
TESTIMONY
On this occasion, the researcher states that there is no proposed work before in
this Research to get Bachelor Degree in a certain University and as long as the researcher
knows that there is also no work or idea that has ever been written or published by other
people, except referred written in this Research Paper and mentioned in the bibliography.
If it is proved that there are mistakes in the reseachers’s statements above later in
the future, so she will be wholly responsible.
Surakarta, June 2013
Yunita Fitiawati
A.320 090 043
iv
MOTTO
Don’t put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
(The Researcher)
Kemuliaan paling besar bukanlah karena kita tidak pernah terpuruk,
tetapi karena kita selalu mampu bangkit setelah terjatuh.
(Oliver Goldsmith)
Berbuat baiklah kepada orang-orang yang jahat, karena merekalah yang
paling banyak membutuhkan kebaikan.
(Ashleigh Briliant)
v
DEDICATION
This paper is dedicated to:
1. My beloved Mother and Father.
2. My beloved brother, “Badrus Vahruri”.
3. My beloved sister, “Umi Nur Rohmah, Afif Ruriyah, Fitri Anna”.
4. My beloved cousin, “Naufal, Naban, Nadia, Nadaa, Aisya”
5. The people that like this novel.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Bismillahirrohmanirrohim. Alhamdulilahirobil’alamin. The greatest praise and
grateful to Allah SWT, the merciful and compassionate, and the prophet Muhammad
SAW, the messenger, for blessing and guiding the researcher in completing the research
paper as partial fulfillment of the requirement for bachelor degree in the English
Department.
In this research paper, the researcher wants to express the deepest gratitude and
thanks to:
1. Prof. Dr. Bambang Setiaji, M.Si, as the headmaster of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
2. Dra. Nining Setyaningsih, M.Si, as the dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
3. Dr.Phil. Dewi Candraningrum as the first consultant who has guided and
advised patiently during the arrangement of this research paper.
4. Titis Setyabudi, SS., M.Hum, as second consultant who gives correction
and guidance in finishing this research papers.
5. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum, the third examiner for being a good
suggestion in correcting this research paper.
6. Her beloved mother and father who always give sincerely love, prayers
and everlasting spirit for the writer.
7. Her beloved brother and sister (Badrus, Umi, Ruri, Anna) for pray and
supports.
vii
8. Her best friends (Memet, Jauh, Tika, Andini, Khoirul, Tyas, Ayu,
Denisa, Nia, Yeni). Thanks for their support and friendship.
9. My friends in PPL SMP N 1 KARTASURA. Thanks for their
cooperation. We are family forever.
10. Summer Bee Crew in English Drama Performances and all beloved
friends in English Department 2009.
11. All librarians for giving permission and privilege to obtain the required
references.
The researcher can present nothing but the deepest thanks. The researcher
realizes that this research paper is not the most and final perfect one. However, the writer
hopes that this research paper will be useful for the readers who want to develop their
knowledge. Therefore, supportive criticism and suggestion are needed to make this
research paper better.
Surakarta, June 2013
The Writer,
Yunita Fitriawati
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ..................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................
ix
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ..................................................
1
B. Previous Studies ...............................................................
5
C. Problem Statement ...........................................................
6
D. Limitation of the Study .....................................................
6
E. Objective of the Study ......................................................
7
F. Benefit of the Study ..........................................................
7
G. Research Method ..............................................................
7
H. Research Paper Organization ............................................
9
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ..................................................
12
A. Notion of the Individual Psychology.................................
12
ix
B. Basic Concept of Individual Psychology ..........................
12
1. Inferiority Feeling and Competitions............................
12
2. Fictional Finalism .........................................................
13
3. Striving for Superiority .................................................
13
4. Social Interest ...............................................................
15
5. Style of Life ..................................................................
15
6. Creative Power of the Self ............................................
17
C. Theory of Issue ..................................................................
17
1. Notion of Bravery .........................................................
17
2. Notion of Resilience .....................................................
19
D. Structural Elements ...........................................................
20
1. Character and Characterization.....................................
21
2. Setting ...........................................................................
21
3. Plot ................................................................................
22
4. Point of View ................................................................
23
5. Theme ...........................................................................
24
6. Style ..............................................................................
24
E. Theoretical Application .....................................................
24
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE NOVEL ..............
26
A. Structural Analysis ..........................................................
26
B. Discussion .......................................................................
46
x
CHAPTER IV: INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ............
49
A. Individual Psychological Analysis ..................................
49
B. Bravery and Resilience Analysis ....................................
57
C. Discussion .......................................................................
65
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS .............................
68
A. Conclusion .........................................................................
68
B. Educational Implication ....................................................
69
C. Suggestion .........................................................................
69
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xi
ABSTRACT
YUNITA FITRIAWATI, A 320090043. BRAVERY AND RESILIENCE IN
PITTACUS LORE’S I AM NUMBER FOUR NOVEL (2010): AN
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGIGAL APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2013.
The major problem of this study is how bravery and resilience are reflected in
Pittacus Lore’s I Am Number Four novel. The objective of this study is to analyze
the novel based on its structural elements and to analyze the novel based on
individual psychological approach as major theory and bravery and resilience as
issue.
In analyzing I Am Number Four novel, the writer uses qualitative method and
individual psychological approach. The data sources consist of primary data and
secondary data sources. The primary data source is the novel I Am Number Four
itself and the secondary data sources are the other sources related to the analysis
such as the author’s biography, books of literary theory of the object and issue.
The method of the data collection is descriptive analysis.
The result of the study shows the following conclusions. First, based on the
structural analysis it is clear that in I Am Number Four novel, Pittacus Lore
delivers message that bravery and resilience are needed in everyone’s life because
they are important and can influence someone’s life to survive in their
environment, because someone who has a strength, bravery and resilience can
show who really they are and show their existance. Second, based on the
individual psychological approach, it shows that bravery and resilience can give
effect to people’s mind.
Keywords: Bravery, Resilience, Journey, Personality.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.Si. M. Hum
Dean
Dra. Nining Setyaningsih, M.Si
NIK: 403.
xii
I AM NUMBER FOUR NOVEL (2010):
AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requrements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
Yunita Fitriawati
A 320090043
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
1
ii
iii
TESTIMONY
On this occasion, the researcher states that there is no proposed work before in
this Research to get Bachelor Degree in a certain University and as long as the researcher
knows that there is also no work or idea that has ever been written or published by other
people, except referred written in this Research Paper and mentioned in the bibliography.
If it is proved that there are mistakes in the reseachers’s statements above later in
the future, so she will be wholly responsible.
Surakarta, June 2013
Yunita Fitiawati
A.320 090 043
iv
MOTTO
Don’t put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
(The Researcher)
Kemuliaan paling besar bukanlah karena kita tidak pernah terpuruk,
tetapi karena kita selalu mampu bangkit setelah terjatuh.
(Oliver Goldsmith)
Berbuat baiklah kepada orang-orang yang jahat, karena merekalah yang
paling banyak membutuhkan kebaikan.
(Ashleigh Briliant)
v
DEDICATION
This paper is dedicated to:
1. My beloved Mother and Father.
2. My beloved brother, “Badrus Vahruri”.
3. My beloved sister, “Umi Nur Rohmah, Afif Ruriyah, Fitri Anna”.
4. My beloved cousin, “Naufal, Naban, Nadia, Nadaa, Aisya”
5. The people that like this novel.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Bismillahirrohmanirrohim. Alhamdulilahirobil’alamin. The greatest praise and
grateful to Allah SWT, the merciful and compassionate, and the prophet Muhammad
SAW, the messenger, for blessing and guiding the researcher in completing the research
paper as partial fulfillment of the requirement for bachelor degree in the English
Department.
In this research paper, the researcher wants to express the deepest gratitude and
thanks to:
1. Prof. Dr. Bambang Setiaji, M.Si, as the headmaster of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
2. Dra. Nining Setyaningsih, M.Si, as the dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
3. Dr.Phil. Dewi Candraningrum as the first consultant who has guided and
advised patiently during the arrangement of this research paper.
4. Titis Setyabudi, SS., M.Hum, as second consultant who gives correction
and guidance in finishing this research papers.
5. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum, the third examiner for being a good
suggestion in correcting this research paper.
6. Her beloved mother and father who always give sincerely love, prayers
and everlasting spirit for the writer.
7. Her beloved brother and sister (Badrus, Umi, Ruri, Anna) for pray and
supports.
vii
8. Her best friends (Memet, Jauh, Tika, Andini, Khoirul, Tyas, Ayu,
Denisa, Nia, Yeni). Thanks for their support and friendship.
9. My friends in PPL SMP N 1 KARTASURA. Thanks for their
cooperation. We are family forever.
10. Summer Bee Crew in English Drama Performances and all beloved
friends in English Department 2009.
11. All librarians for giving permission and privilege to obtain the required
references.
The researcher can present nothing but the deepest thanks. The researcher
realizes that this research paper is not the most and final perfect one. However, the writer
hopes that this research paper will be useful for the readers who want to develop their
knowledge. Therefore, supportive criticism and suggestion are needed to make this
research paper better.
Surakarta, June 2013
The Writer,
Yunita Fitriawati
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ..................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................
ix
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ..................................................
1
B. Previous Studies ...............................................................
5
C. Problem Statement ...........................................................
6
D. Limitation of the Study .....................................................
6
E. Objective of the Study ......................................................
7
F. Benefit of the Study ..........................................................
7
G. Research Method ..............................................................
7
H. Research Paper Organization ............................................
9
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ..................................................
12
A. Notion of the Individual Psychology.................................
12
ix
B. Basic Concept of Individual Psychology ..........................
12
1. Inferiority Feeling and Competitions............................
12
2. Fictional Finalism .........................................................
13
3. Striving for Superiority .................................................
13
4. Social Interest ...............................................................
15
5. Style of Life ..................................................................
15
6. Creative Power of the Self ............................................
17
C. Theory of Issue ..................................................................
17
1. Notion of Bravery .........................................................
17
2. Notion of Resilience .....................................................
19
D. Structural Elements ...........................................................
20
1. Character and Characterization.....................................
21
2. Setting ...........................................................................
21
3. Plot ................................................................................
22
4. Point of View ................................................................
23
5. Theme ...........................................................................
24
6. Style ..............................................................................
24
E. Theoretical Application .....................................................
24
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE NOVEL ..............
26
A. Structural Analysis ..........................................................
26
B. Discussion .......................................................................
46
x
CHAPTER IV: INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ............
49
A. Individual Psychological Analysis ..................................
49
B. Bravery and Resilience Analysis ....................................
57
C. Discussion .......................................................................
65
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS .............................
68
A. Conclusion .........................................................................
68
B. Educational Implication ....................................................
69
C. Suggestion .........................................................................
69
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xi
ABSTRACT
YUNITA FITRIAWATI, A 320090043. BRAVERY AND RESILIENCE IN
PITTACUS LORE’S I AM NUMBER FOUR NOVEL (2010): AN
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGIGAL APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2013.
The major problem of this study is how bravery and resilience are reflected in
Pittacus Lore’s I Am Number Four novel. The objective of this study is to analyze
the novel based on its structural elements and to analyze the novel based on
individual psychological approach as major theory and bravery and resilience as
issue.
In analyzing I Am Number Four novel, the writer uses qualitative method and
individual psychological approach. The data sources consist of primary data and
secondary data sources. The primary data source is the novel I Am Number Four
itself and the secondary data sources are the other sources related to the analysis
such as the author’s biography, books of literary theory of the object and issue.
The method of the data collection is descriptive analysis.
The result of the study shows the following conclusions. First, based on the
structural analysis it is clear that in I Am Number Four novel, Pittacus Lore
delivers message that bravery and resilience are needed in everyone’s life because
they are important and can influence someone’s life to survive in their
environment, because someone who has a strength, bravery and resilience can
show who really they are and show their existance. Second, based on the
individual psychological approach, it shows that bravery and resilience can give
effect to people’s mind.
Keywords: Bravery, Resilience, Journey, Personality.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.Si. M. Hum
Dean
Dra. Nining Setyaningsih, M.Si
NIK: 403.
xii