PROCESSES IN THE MALAY PANTUN UTTERED IN WEDDING CEREMONY.
ABSTRACT
Mukhair, Imam. Processes in the Malay Pantun Uttered in Wedding
Ceremony. A Thesis. English Applied Linguistics Study Program.
Postgraduate School. State University ofMedan. 2011.
The objectives of this research are to describe Processes in the Malay
pantun uttered in wedding ceremony. The research was designed both
quantitatively and qualitatively. The subjects of this research were represented
by the Malay experts in uttering pantun (telangkai) living in TanjWlg Pura. The
data were obtained by exploring a document of pantun uttered in wedding
ceremony. In addition., interviews were held. The researcher interviewed the
subjects by investigating the process in Malay pantun uttered in Malay wedding
ceremony. The interview was aimed at having an in-depth information on the
ce8SOns of 1-lhy such a process is mainly dominant in the palttrm. After
converting the quantitative number into percentage, the data analysis showed that
in the couplet and message part of the pantun, material processes were found
dominantly. The in-depth interviews' result shows that Malay people actively
use material process in their daily language since all contents of pantun describe
about Malay daily activities. This affects the use of pantun in wedding ceremony
by mainly using material Process in such pantuns.
>
-z
?
m
iii
ABSTRACT
I·
Mukhair, Imam. Processes in the Malay Pantun Uttered in Wedding
Ceremony (Proses dalam Panton Melayu pada Acara Perkawillan). Thesis.
Program Studi Linguistik Terapan Bahasa lnggris. Sekolah Pascasarjana
Unimed. 2011.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan Proses dalam Pantun
Melayu pada Acara Perkawinan. Penelitian ini dirancang secara kuantitatif dan
kualitatif. Subjek penelitian diwakili oleh penutur pantun (telangkai) yang
bertempat tinggal di Tanjung Pura. Data diperoleh dengan cara menelaah buku
pantun tentang upacara perkawinan. Data juga diperoleh dengan wawancara.
Peneliti mewawancarai subjek dengan mengenai proses dalam pantun Melayu
pada acara perkawinan. Wawancara dimaksudkan mendapatkan informasi
mendalam tentang alasan dorninannya proses tersebut. Setelah memindahkan
basil kuantitatif ke dalam persentase, analisi data menunjukkan bahwa dalam
sampiran dan isi panun, proses material lebih dorninan. Wawancara mendalam
menunjukkan bahwa orang Melayu secara: aktif menggunakan material proses
dalam keseharian mereka.Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan pantun pada
acara perkawinan yang didominasi proses material.
iv
MH IK PERPUSTAKAAN
~JNIMED
PROCESSES IN THE MALAY PANTUN
UTTERED IN WEDDING CEREMONY
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Applied Linguistics Study Program in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Magister Humaniora
By
IMAM MUKHAIR
Registration Number : 082188330092
ENGLISH APPLIED J.J NGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGR.ADUATE SCiiOOL
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEIJAN
2011
MH IK PERPUSTAKAAN
~ · JNIMED
PROCESSES IN THE MALAY PANTUN
UTTERED IN WEDDING CEREMONY
A THESIS
Submitted to the En.g lish Applied Linguistics Study Program in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Magister Humaniora
By
IMAM MUKHAIR
Registration Number : 082188330092
11 03>)0
ENGLISH APPLIED tiNGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2011
A THESIS
PROCESSES IN THE MALAY PANTUN
UTTERED IN WEDDING CEREMONY
By
IMAM MUKHAIR
Registration Number : 082188330092
English Applied Linguistics Study Program Postgraduate School
State University of Medan
This Thesis was examined on March 15th, 2011 by the Board of Examiners
Approved by
Adviser Commission
First Adviser
Second Adviser
Prof. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd.
NIP 19610425198601 2 001
NIP 19550113198203 1 002
rof. Dr. Amrin Saragih, Ph.D, M.A.
'
..
_.
APPROVAL
This thesis was examined on March 151b, 2011 by the Board of Examiners
Board of Examiners
Prof.. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd.
N1P 195501131982031 002
Prof. Dr. Amrin Saragih, Ph.D, M.A.
N1P 195501131982031 002
P rof.Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd.
N1P 195907131986011 001
Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed, TESP
NIP 19570412198403 1 001
Dr. Didik Santoso, M.Pd.
N1P 19660616199403 1 006
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This thesis would not have been possible brought into existence without
the help of a great many people. The researcher is grateful to them both in the
school of Postgraduate Studies of The Universitas Negeri Medan and Malay
community in Tanjung Pura, who provided him with insights, suggestions and
most of all, the impetus to write this thesis.
In particular, the researcher would like to express his gratitude to Prof. Dr.
Lince Sihombing, M.Pd., and Prof. Amrin Saragih, MA., Ph.D., his first and
second adviser, who read and commented extensively on the final draft and gave
so generously of their time and effort. Their comments helped him sharpen his
focus and clarified many ideas and he cannot thank them enough.
He would also like to thank all the experienced lectures, the head and
secretary of English Applied Linguistics Study Program, the director and vice
directors of Postgraduate School of State University of Medan for all the help in
preparing the administration during the study and conducting this thesis.
Thanks are due to his proposal reviewers and examiners Prof. Dr. Busmin
Gurning, M.Pd, Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed., TESP., and Dr. Didik Santoso, M.Pd who
provided him with the most appropriate and useful commentaries, and
constructive suggestions.
He would very much like to express his special thanks and appreciation to
the head and colleagues of Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Agama Provinsi
Sumatera Utara for his indispensable support and the ways they encouraged him
as a staff in that office.
He also would like to thank the informant of Malay speakers who have
generously given their time and supplied him with information for analysis,
especially Bapak H. T. Sofyan and H. Zulkifli as the famous telangkai- speaker
of pantun - in..lfanjung Pura. This work is also dedicated to the Malay people, for
it is their language, attitudes and views which they have attempted to faithfully
reflect.
Last but not least, on a personal level, the writer would like to extend his
love and deepest gratitude to his parents, Drs.H. Ridwan Rokan and Khadijah
Siregar, BA brothers, and sisters, Khairi Ummi, Fitra Hadrian, Haris Fadli and
Rahmad Iqbal and also for my sweety Dewi Wirdhayani, for their sincere and
most reliable comfort, encouraging attitude, and above all, their love and patience.
z
Medan,
Maret 2011
The Researcher
?
m
IMAM MUKHAIR
~9
&II
ii
~
~
m
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................... .
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................
iii
LIST OF APPENDICES.................................................................................
ix
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
-
l.l
The Background of the Study ............................... .
1.2
The Problems of the Study...................................
5
1.3
The Focus ofthe Study........................................
5
1.4
The Objectives of the Study..................................
6
1.5
The Significance of the Study ............................... .
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Process.....................................................................................
9
2.1.1 Material Process...................................................................
9
2.1.2 Mental Process.....................................................................
9
2.1.3 Relational Process................................................................
10
2.1.4 Verbal Process.....................................................................
10
2.1.5 Behavioral Process..............................................................
10
2.1.6 Existential Process..............................................................
ll
v
..
2.. 2. Participants.......... .... .... ...... ..... ... .. ... .... . ........ ........
II
2.3 Circumstances........ ...... ...... ... ... .. ... ..... ... ... ... .... ... ..
12
2.4 Pantun in Malay Language .. ... .. .... ... ... .... .... ... ... ... ... .... 14
2.4.1 The Nature ofpantun............................................................. 14
2.4.3.1.1 Pantun Keagamaan ............................................................ 19
2.4.3.1.2. Pantun Nasehat ................................................................. 20
2.4.3.1.3 Pantun Adat lstiadat .......................................................... 20
2.5 Malay Wedding Ceremony..............................................
21
2.6 The Use ofPantun in Malay Wedding Ceremony................
22
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 The Research Design.................................. ..............
28
3.2 The Subjects of the Study........................................... 28
3.3 The Place of the Study ....... '··············:······································· 29
3.4 The Instruments of Data Collection..............................
29
3.5 The Technique of Data Collection... ...... .. ... ... .............
29
3.6 The Technique of Data Analysis. ...... ..................... ....
30
3.7 The Trustworthiness of the Study.... ... .... ......................
31
vi
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSISONS
4.1 The Data Descriptiom ..................................................... ....
33
4.2 The Findings..........................................................................
39
40
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
43
REFERENCES........................................................................ ....
45
APPENDICES .............................................................................. 46
-z
?
m
.
vii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1
:Types of Processes and Participants
.. . ............ ...... ... ... . . .
12
Table 2
:Types ofCircumstances................................................
13
Table 3
:Trustworthiness ofthe Study... .......................................
31
Table 4
:Processes uttered in the couplet part ofpantun ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
33
Table 5
: Processes uttered in the message part of pantun ... ... ... ... ... ... ....
37
-z
?
m
viii
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX
PAGE
A. ANALYSISOFTHEPANTUN .•..•.••.••••••.•...•.•.•....•..••.•.•.•.............. 47
B. PICTURE OF THE GROOM AND mE BRIDE .••.•..•..•••.•.........•...•.. 48
C. PICTURE OF AKAD NIKAH ........................................................ 51
D. PICTURE OF PERSANDINGAN ........................... ................. ....... 54
E. TRANSCRIPTION OF mE PANTUN ..... ....................... ................ 57
-z
?
m
ix
CHAPTERV
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1
Conclusions
After analyzing the data, some conclusions are drawn as the following.
I.
Material process dominates the use of process in the couplet part ofpantun
in Malay wedding ceremony.
2.
Material process dominates the use of process in the message part of
pantun in Malay wedding ceremony.
3.
The use of processes of pantun in Malay wedding ceremony are mainly
-z
pantun by considering all their daily activity as the example and portrait of
?
usually nature and the religion Islam. In the message, the pantun reflects
expressed in material process. Malay people express their language through
their lives. In the couplet, the pantun reflects the moral value that Malays
tend to do first in their daily life then their action is related to everything,
the moral value that Malays tend to do first in their daily life then they
think and feel of what they have done by relating to the religious life,
Islam. By so doing, the use of process in pantun is also mainly expressed
~
using material process. There is usually a parallel pattern of meaning
between the couplet part and the message part
.
44
45
5.2
Suggestions
It is suggested that those, who concern with Malay culture and Malay
cultural maintenance should explore some aspect of the language by doing some
efforts internally and externally.
(1) Internally, there is a very little document of the Malay culture literature and
references especially Malay pantun. It is very difficult to find Malay literature
in an available resources. The multi sources documents of Malay pantun will
enrich the Malay heritage studies.
(2) Externally, further research is needed to explore as many as possible the
heritage of Malay pantun, such as the exploration of pantun in Malay daily
-z
?
life and the underlying reasons beyond the Malay adat utensils such as keris,
flowers for upah-upah, etc..
(3) The Langkat local government should have the same important role to
maintain the heritage of Langkat Malay language, especially the pantun. This
is done by including Malay language as the local curriculum and adding extra
time to teach pantun in bahasa Indonesia subject at schools.
----------- ____ ..__
1 ;·
'\
(l ••••
r ~, .. •;vn ~- fHrOSTAKAAN
!,
.
.
l
0
UNIMED
Mukhair, Imam. Processes in the Malay Pantun Uttered in Wedding
Ceremony. A Thesis. English Applied Linguistics Study Program.
Postgraduate School. State University ofMedan. 2011.
The objectives of this research are to describe Processes in the Malay
pantun uttered in wedding ceremony. The research was designed both
quantitatively and qualitatively. The subjects of this research were represented
by the Malay experts in uttering pantun (telangkai) living in TanjWlg Pura. The
data were obtained by exploring a document of pantun uttered in wedding
ceremony. In addition., interviews were held. The researcher interviewed the
subjects by investigating the process in Malay pantun uttered in Malay wedding
ceremony. The interview was aimed at having an in-depth information on the
ce8SOns of 1-lhy such a process is mainly dominant in the palttrm. After
converting the quantitative number into percentage, the data analysis showed that
in the couplet and message part of the pantun, material processes were found
dominantly. The in-depth interviews' result shows that Malay people actively
use material process in their daily language since all contents of pantun describe
about Malay daily activities. This affects the use of pantun in wedding ceremony
by mainly using material Process in such pantuns.
>
-z
?
m
iii
ABSTRACT
I·
Mukhair, Imam. Processes in the Malay Pantun Uttered in Wedding
Ceremony (Proses dalam Panton Melayu pada Acara Perkawillan). Thesis.
Program Studi Linguistik Terapan Bahasa lnggris. Sekolah Pascasarjana
Unimed. 2011.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan Proses dalam Pantun
Melayu pada Acara Perkawinan. Penelitian ini dirancang secara kuantitatif dan
kualitatif. Subjek penelitian diwakili oleh penutur pantun (telangkai) yang
bertempat tinggal di Tanjung Pura. Data diperoleh dengan cara menelaah buku
pantun tentang upacara perkawinan. Data juga diperoleh dengan wawancara.
Peneliti mewawancarai subjek dengan mengenai proses dalam pantun Melayu
pada acara perkawinan. Wawancara dimaksudkan mendapatkan informasi
mendalam tentang alasan dorninannya proses tersebut. Setelah memindahkan
basil kuantitatif ke dalam persentase, analisi data menunjukkan bahwa dalam
sampiran dan isi panun, proses material lebih dorninan. Wawancara mendalam
menunjukkan bahwa orang Melayu secara: aktif menggunakan material proses
dalam keseharian mereka.Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan pantun pada
acara perkawinan yang didominasi proses material.
iv
MH IK PERPUSTAKAAN
~JNIMED
PROCESSES IN THE MALAY PANTUN
UTTERED IN WEDDING CEREMONY
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Applied Linguistics Study Program in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Magister Humaniora
By
IMAM MUKHAIR
Registration Number : 082188330092
ENGLISH APPLIED J.J NGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGR.ADUATE SCiiOOL
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEIJAN
2011
MH IK PERPUSTAKAAN
~ · JNIMED
PROCESSES IN THE MALAY PANTUN
UTTERED IN WEDDING CEREMONY
A THESIS
Submitted to the En.g lish Applied Linguistics Study Program in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Magister Humaniora
By
IMAM MUKHAIR
Registration Number : 082188330092
11 03>)0
ENGLISH APPLIED tiNGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2011
A THESIS
PROCESSES IN THE MALAY PANTUN
UTTERED IN WEDDING CEREMONY
By
IMAM MUKHAIR
Registration Number : 082188330092
English Applied Linguistics Study Program Postgraduate School
State University of Medan
This Thesis was examined on March 15th, 2011 by the Board of Examiners
Approved by
Adviser Commission
First Adviser
Second Adviser
Prof. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd.
NIP 19610425198601 2 001
NIP 19550113198203 1 002
rof. Dr. Amrin Saragih, Ph.D, M.A.
'
..
_.
APPROVAL
This thesis was examined on March 151b, 2011 by the Board of Examiners
Board of Examiners
Prof.. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd.
N1P 195501131982031 002
Prof. Dr. Amrin Saragih, Ph.D, M.A.
N1P 195501131982031 002
P rof.Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd.
N1P 195907131986011 001
Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed, TESP
NIP 19570412198403 1 001
Dr. Didik Santoso, M.Pd.
N1P 19660616199403 1 006
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This thesis would not have been possible brought into existence without
the help of a great many people. The researcher is grateful to them both in the
school of Postgraduate Studies of The Universitas Negeri Medan and Malay
community in Tanjung Pura, who provided him with insights, suggestions and
most of all, the impetus to write this thesis.
In particular, the researcher would like to express his gratitude to Prof. Dr.
Lince Sihombing, M.Pd., and Prof. Amrin Saragih, MA., Ph.D., his first and
second adviser, who read and commented extensively on the final draft and gave
so generously of their time and effort. Their comments helped him sharpen his
focus and clarified many ideas and he cannot thank them enough.
He would also like to thank all the experienced lectures, the head and
secretary of English Applied Linguistics Study Program, the director and vice
directors of Postgraduate School of State University of Medan for all the help in
preparing the administration during the study and conducting this thesis.
Thanks are due to his proposal reviewers and examiners Prof. Dr. Busmin
Gurning, M.Pd, Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed., TESP., and Dr. Didik Santoso, M.Pd who
provided him with the most appropriate and useful commentaries, and
constructive suggestions.
He would very much like to express his special thanks and appreciation to
the head and colleagues of Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Agama Provinsi
Sumatera Utara for his indispensable support and the ways they encouraged him
as a staff in that office.
He also would like to thank the informant of Malay speakers who have
generously given their time and supplied him with information for analysis,
especially Bapak H. T. Sofyan and H. Zulkifli as the famous telangkai- speaker
of pantun - in..lfanjung Pura. This work is also dedicated to the Malay people, for
it is their language, attitudes and views which they have attempted to faithfully
reflect.
Last but not least, on a personal level, the writer would like to extend his
love and deepest gratitude to his parents, Drs.H. Ridwan Rokan and Khadijah
Siregar, BA brothers, and sisters, Khairi Ummi, Fitra Hadrian, Haris Fadli and
Rahmad Iqbal and also for my sweety Dewi Wirdhayani, for their sincere and
most reliable comfort, encouraging attitude, and above all, their love and patience.
z
Medan,
Maret 2011
The Researcher
?
m
IMAM MUKHAIR
~9
&II
ii
~
~
m
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................... .
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................
iii
LIST OF APPENDICES.................................................................................
ix
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
-
l.l
The Background of the Study ............................... .
1.2
The Problems of the Study...................................
5
1.3
The Focus ofthe Study........................................
5
1.4
The Objectives of the Study..................................
6
1.5
The Significance of the Study ............................... .
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Process.....................................................................................
9
2.1.1 Material Process...................................................................
9
2.1.2 Mental Process.....................................................................
9
2.1.3 Relational Process................................................................
10
2.1.4 Verbal Process.....................................................................
10
2.1.5 Behavioral Process..............................................................
10
2.1.6 Existential Process..............................................................
ll
v
..
2.. 2. Participants.......... .... .... ...... ..... ... .. ... .... . ........ ........
II
2.3 Circumstances........ ...... ...... ... ... .. ... ..... ... ... ... .... ... ..
12
2.4 Pantun in Malay Language .. ... .. .... ... ... .... .... ... ... ... ... .... 14
2.4.1 The Nature ofpantun............................................................. 14
2.4.3.1.1 Pantun Keagamaan ............................................................ 19
2.4.3.1.2. Pantun Nasehat ................................................................. 20
2.4.3.1.3 Pantun Adat lstiadat .......................................................... 20
2.5 Malay Wedding Ceremony..............................................
21
2.6 The Use ofPantun in Malay Wedding Ceremony................
22
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 The Research Design.................................. ..............
28
3.2 The Subjects of the Study........................................... 28
3.3 The Place of the Study ....... '··············:······································· 29
3.4 The Instruments of Data Collection..............................
29
3.5 The Technique of Data Collection... ...... .. ... ... .............
29
3.6 The Technique of Data Analysis. ...... ..................... ....
30
3.7 The Trustworthiness of the Study.... ... .... ......................
31
vi
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSISONS
4.1 The Data Descriptiom ..................................................... ....
33
4.2 The Findings..........................................................................
39
40
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
43
REFERENCES........................................................................ ....
45
APPENDICES .............................................................................. 46
-z
?
m
.
vii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1
:Types of Processes and Participants
.. . ............ ...... ... ... . . .
12
Table 2
:Types ofCircumstances................................................
13
Table 3
:Trustworthiness ofthe Study... .......................................
31
Table 4
:Processes uttered in the couplet part ofpantun ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
33
Table 5
: Processes uttered in the message part of pantun ... ... ... ... ... ... ....
37
-z
?
m
viii
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX
PAGE
A. ANALYSISOFTHEPANTUN .•..•.••.••••••.•...•.•.•....•..••.•.•.•.............. 47
B. PICTURE OF THE GROOM AND mE BRIDE .••.•..•..•••.•.........•...•.. 48
C. PICTURE OF AKAD NIKAH ........................................................ 51
D. PICTURE OF PERSANDINGAN ........................... ................. ....... 54
E. TRANSCRIPTION OF mE PANTUN ..... ....................... ................ 57
-z
?
m
ix
CHAPTERV
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1
Conclusions
After analyzing the data, some conclusions are drawn as the following.
I.
Material process dominates the use of process in the couplet part ofpantun
in Malay wedding ceremony.
2.
Material process dominates the use of process in the message part of
pantun in Malay wedding ceremony.
3.
The use of processes of pantun in Malay wedding ceremony are mainly
-z
pantun by considering all their daily activity as the example and portrait of
?
usually nature and the religion Islam. In the message, the pantun reflects
expressed in material process. Malay people express their language through
their lives. In the couplet, the pantun reflects the moral value that Malays
tend to do first in their daily life then their action is related to everything,
the moral value that Malays tend to do first in their daily life then they
think and feel of what they have done by relating to the religious life,
Islam. By so doing, the use of process in pantun is also mainly expressed
~
using material process. There is usually a parallel pattern of meaning
between the couplet part and the message part
.
44
45
5.2
Suggestions
It is suggested that those, who concern with Malay culture and Malay
cultural maintenance should explore some aspect of the language by doing some
efforts internally and externally.
(1) Internally, there is a very little document of the Malay culture literature and
references especially Malay pantun. It is very difficult to find Malay literature
in an available resources. The multi sources documents of Malay pantun will
enrich the Malay heritage studies.
(2) Externally, further research is needed to explore as many as possible the
heritage of Malay pantun, such as the exploration of pantun in Malay daily
-z
?
life and the underlying reasons beyond the Malay adat utensils such as keris,
flowers for upah-upah, etc..
(3) The Langkat local government should have the same important role to
maintain the heritage of Langkat Malay language, especially the pantun. This
is done by including Malay language as the local curriculum and adding extra
time to teach pantun in bahasa Indonesia subject at schools.
----------- ____ ..__
1 ;·
'\
(l ••••
r ~, .. •;vn ~- fHrOSTAKAAN
!,
.
.
l
0
UNIMED