Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit yang Disebabkan oleh Virus Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining
SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT YANG DISEBABKAN
OLEH VIRUS MENGGUNAKAN METODE FORWARD
CHAINING
TUGAS AKHIR
SYAHRAINI
142406042
PROGRAM STUDI D3 TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
DEPARTEMEN MATEMATIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAC
The purpose of this research is to develop a system of knowledge-based medicine in
diagnosing diseases caused by viruses, such as Chickenpox, Chickenpox,
Chikungunya Fever, Infantial Diarrhea, Japanese Encephalitas, Avian Flu, Viral
Hepatitis, Herpes Zoster, HIV / AIDS , Influenza, Measles, Epidemic Parotitis,
Poliomyelitity, Dengue. Which can be displayed in expert system-based application
software. This expert system application reasoning uses advanced chaining inference
techniques. Where in forward chaining begins with initial information (early
symptoms) and moves forward to match the next information to find information in
accordance with the rules, then will conclude in the form of conclusions of illness
suffered by the patient. The result of the research is the application software of expert
system of disease diagnosis caused by the virus has facilities that can help the
extension workers in giving counseling to the public to know the early detection of
symptoms of the disease caused by the virus, based on the type of disease caused by
the virus.
Keywords: Expert System, Forward Chaining Method, Disease caused by virus.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sebuah sistem berbasis
pengetahuan kedokteran dalam mendiagnosis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus,
seperti Cacar, Cacar Air, Demam Chikungunya, Diare Infantial, Ensefalitas Jepang,
Flu Burung, Hepatitis Viral, Herpes Simpleks, Herpes Zoster, HIV/AIDS, Influenza,
Campak, Parotitis Epedimika, Poliomielitas, Dengue yang dapat ditampilkan dalam
perangkat lunak aplikasi berbasis sistem pakar. Penalaran aplikasi sistem pakar ini
menggunakan teknik inferensi runut maju (forward chaining). Dimana pada forward
chaining ini dimulai dengan informasi awal (gejala awal) dan bergerak maju untuk
mencocokkan informasi selanjutnya sampai menemukan informasi yang sesuai
dengan kaidah, lalu akan menyimpulkan berupa kesimpulan penyakit yang diderita
oleh pasien. Hasil dari penelitian adalah perangkat lunak aplikasi sistem pakar
diagnosis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus memiliki fasilitas yang dapat
membantu tenaga penyuluh dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat untuk
mengetahui deteksi dini gejala penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus, berdasarkan atas
jenis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus.
Kata Kunci
: Sistem Pakar, Metode Forward Chaining, Penyakit yang
disebabkan oleh virus.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
Persetujuan...................................................................................................................... i
Pernyataan...................................................................................................................... ii
Penghargaan .................................................................................................................. iii
Abstrak ..................................................................................................................iiiiiiiiiv
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................v
Daftar Isi ....................................................................................................................... vi
Daftar Tabel .................................................................................................................. ix
Daftar Gambar ................................................................................................................x
Bab 1.Pendahuluan ...........................................................................................................
1.1. Latar Belakang ......................................................................................1
1.2. Perumusan Masalah ..............................................................................2
1.3. Batasan Masalah ...................................................................................2
1.4. Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................................2
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................3
1.6. Lokasi Penelitian...................................................................................3
1.7. Metodologi Penelitian ...........................................................................3
Bab 2. Tinjauan Pustaka ...................................................................................................
2.1. Pengertian Sistem .................................................................................5
2.2. Pengertian Informasi .............................................................................5
2.3. Pengertian Sistem Informasi .................................................................5
2.4. Pengertian Sistem Pakar .......................................................................6
2.5. Pengertian Metode Forward Chaining ..................................................6
2.6. Perancangan
6
2.7 Perancangan Analisis .............................................................................7
2.7.1. UML...................................................................................................7
2.8 Database ...............................................................................................10
2.9 Rancangan Database ............................................................................14
2.10 Bahasa Pemograman ..........................................................................14
2.11 DBMS (Database Management Sistem) ............................................15
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2.12. Internet ..............................................................................................16
Bab 3. Metodologi Penelitian ...........................................................................................
3.1. Diagram Alur Metodologi Penelitian ....................................................
3.2. Tahapan- tahapan Metodologi Penelitian
18
Bab 4. Analisis Dan Perancangan Sistem .........................................................................
4.1. Analisis Sistem ...................................................................................31
4.1.1 Sistem Berjalan (Current System) ....................................................32
4.1.2 Analisis Prosedur (Flow Chart) ........................................................33
4.1.3 Analisis Yang Akan Dibangun .........................................................35
4.1.4 Sistem Pakar Dan Metode Forward Chaining
4.1.4.1 Arsitektur Sistem
4.1.4.2 Baris Pengetahuan (Knowledge Base)
4.1.4.3 Penyajian Aturan
4.1.5 Kebutuhan Fungsional (functional Requirements)
4.1.6 Kebutuhan Non Fungsional
4.2. Perancangan Sistem
4.2.1 Usecase Diagram Diagnoasa penyakit yang
disebabkan oleh virus
4.2.2 Class Diagram
4.2.3 Squance Diagram
4.2.3.1 Squance Diagram Login
4.2.3.2 Squance Diagram Identifikasi
4.2.3.3 Squance Diagram Diagnosa
4.2.3.4 Squance Diagram Pengetahuan
4.2.4 Colaboration Diagram
4.2.4.1 Colaboration Diagram Identifikasi
4.2.4.2 Colaboration Diagram Diagnosa
4.2.4.3 Colaboration Diagram Pengetahuan
4.2.5 Activity Diagram
4.2.5.1 Activity Diagram Login
4.2.5.2 Activity Diagram Identifikasi
4.2.5.3 Activity Diagram Diagnosa
4.2.5.4 Activity Diagram Pengetahuan
4.2.6 Statechart Diagram
4.2.6.1 Statechart Diagram Login
4.2.6.2 Statechart Diagram Identifikasi
4.2.6.3 Statechart Diagram Diagnosa
4.2.6.4 Statechart Diagram Pengetahuan
4.2.7 Component Diagram
4.2.8 Deployment Diagram
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Universitas Sumatera Utara
17
4.2.9 Kamus Data
69
4.2.10 Conceptual Data Model (CDM)
72
4.2.11 Phyisical Data Model (PDM )
73
4.3. Perancangan Sistem ............................................................................73
4.3.1 Arsitektur Perangkat Lunak ..............................................................74
4.3.2 Struktur Diagram ..............................................................................74
4.3.3 User Interface
4.3.3.1 Tampilan User
4.3.3.2 Tampilan Login
4.3.3.3 Tampilan Index Admin
75
76
76
77
Bab 5. Kesimpulan dan Saran ...........................................................................................
5.1. Kesimpulan .........................................................................................78
5.2. Saran ...................................................................................................79
Daftar Pustaka
Lampiran
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR TABEL
Nomor ...............................................................................................................................
Tabel
3.1.
Diagnosa Penyakit Yang Disebabkan Oleh Virus yang
20
Sering Terjadi di Masyarakat dan Penyakit yang dialami ........................
4.1.
Reprentasi Pengetahuan Dari Knowledge Base Berbasis
40
Aturan/Rule Sitem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit yang Disebabkan Oleh
Virus ........................................................................................................
4.2.
Sample data penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dan
43
pertanyaan 4444434334337
4.3.
Sample data diagnosa penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus
44
4.4.
Table User
69
4.5.
Table Diagnosa
69
4.6.
Table Gejala
69
4.7.
Table Konsultasi
70
4.8.
Table Konsultasi Details
70
4.9.
Table Pengetahuan
71
L l
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Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Nomor ...............................................................................................................................
Gambar
2.1. ....................................................................................................................................
Atribut Class D
2.2. ....................................................................................................................................
Atribut Diagra
2.3. ....................................................................................................................................
Atribut Use Ca
2.4. ....................................................................................................................................
Atribut Sequan
2.5.
Atribut Colaboration Diagram
9
2.6.
Atribut Statechart Diagram
9
2.7.
Atribut Activity Diagram
9
2.8.
Atribut Component Diagram
10
2.9.
Atribut Depeloyment Diagram
10
3.1.
Srategi Metodologi Penelitian
17
3.2. ....................................................................................................................................
Forward Chain
4.1. ....................................................................................................................................
Flowchart Yan
4.2. ....................................................................................................................................
Flowcahart Us
4.3. ....................................................................................................................................
Flowcahart Ad
4.4.
Arsitektur Sistem
39
4.5.
Diagram Doagnosa Penyakit
47
4.6.
Class Diagram Diagnosa Penyakit
48
4.7.
Squance Diagram Login
49
4.8.
Squance Diagram Identifikasi
50
4.9.
Squance Diagram Diagnosa
52
4.10.
Squance Diagram Pengetahuan
54
4.11.
Colaboration Diagram Identifikasi
56
4.12.
Colaboration Diagram Diagnosa
57
4.13.
Colaboration Diagram Pengetahuan
58
4.14.
Activity Diagram Login
59
4.15.
Activity Diagram Identifikasi
60
4.16.
Activity Diagram Diagnosa
61
4.17.
Activity Diagram Pengetahuan
62
4.18.
Statechart Diagram Login
64
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4.19.
Statechart Diagram Identifikasi
65
4.20.
Statechart Diagram Diagnosa
66
4.21.
Statechart Diagram Pengetahuan
67
4.22.
Deployment Diagram
68
4.23.
CDM Diagnosa Penyakit Yang Disebabkan Oleh Virus
72
4.24.
PDM Diagnosa Penyakit Yang Disebabkan Oleh Virus
73
4.25.
Statechart Diagram User
75
4.26.
Statechart Diagram Admin
75
4.27.
Tampilan User
76
4.28.
Tampilan Login
76
4.29.
Tampilan Index Admin
77
Universitas Sumatera Utara
OLEH VIRUS MENGGUNAKAN METODE FORWARD
CHAINING
TUGAS AKHIR
SYAHRAINI
142406042
PROGRAM STUDI D3 TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
DEPARTEMEN MATEMATIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAC
The purpose of this research is to develop a system of knowledge-based medicine in
diagnosing diseases caused by viruses, such as Chickenpox, Chickenpox,
Chikungunya Fever, Infantial Diarrhea, Japanese Encephalitas, Avian Flu, Viral
Hepatitis, Herpes Zoster, HIV / AIDS , Influenza, Measles, Epidemic Parotitis,
Poliomyelitity, Dengue. Which can be displayed in expert system-based application
software. This expert system application reasoning uses advanced chaining inference
techniques. Where in forward chaining begins with initial information (early
symptoms) and moves forward to match the next information to find information in
accordance with the rules, then will conclude in the form of conclusions of illness
suffered by the patient. The result of the research is the application software of expert
system of disease diagnosis caused by the virus has facilities that can help the
extension workers in giving counseling to the public to know the early detection of
symptoms of the disease caused by the virus, based on the type of disease caused by
the virus.
Keywords: Expert System, Forward Chaining Method, Disease caused by virus.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sebuah sistem berbasis
pengetahuan kedokteran dalam mendiagnosis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus,
seperti Cacar, Cacar Air, Demam Chikungunya, Diare Infantial, Ensefalitas Jepang,
Flu Burung, Hepatitis Viral, Herpes Simpleks, Herpes Zoster, HIV/AIDS, Influenza,
Campak, Parotitis Epedimika, Poliomielitas, Dengue yang dapat ditampilkan dalam
perangkat lunak aplikasi berbasis sistem pakar. Penalaran aplikasi sistem pakar ini
menggunakan teknik inferensi runut maju (forward chaining). Dimana pada forward
chaining ini dimulai dengan informasi awal (gejala awal) dan bergerak maju untuk
mencocokkan informasi selanjutnya sampai menemukan informasi yang sesuai
dengan kaidah, lalu akan menyimpulkan berupa kesimpulan penyakit yang diderita
oleh pasien. Hasil dari penelitian adalah perangkat lunak aplikasi sistem pakar
diagnosis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus memiliki fasilitas yang dapat
membantu tenaga penyuluh dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat untuk
mengetahui deteksi dini gejala penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus, berdasarkan atas
jenis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus.
Kata Kunci
: Sistem Pakar, Metode Forward Chaining, Penyakit yang
disebabkan oleh virus.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
Persetujuan...................................................................................................................... i
Pernyataan...................................................................................................................... ii
Penghargaan .................................................................................................................. iii
Abstrak ..................................................................................................................iiiiiiiiiv
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................v
Daftar Isi ....................................................................................................................... vi
Daftar Tabel .................................................................................................................. ix
Daftar Gambar ................................................................................................................x
Bab 1.Pendahuluan ...........................................................................................................
1.1. Latar Belakang ......................................................................................1
1.2. Perumusan Masalah ..............................................................................2
1.3. Batasan Masalah ...................................................................................2
1.4. Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................................2
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................3
1.6. Lokasi Penelitian...................................................................................3
1.7. Metodologi Penelitian ...........................................................................3
Bab 2. Tinjauan Pustaka ...................................................................................................
2.1. Pengertian Sistem .................................................................................5
2.2. Pengertian Informasi .............................................................................5
2.3. Pengertian Sistem Informasi .................................................................5
2.4. Pengertian Sistem Pakar .......................................................................6
2.5. Pengertian Metode Forward Chaining ..................................................6
2.6. Perancangan
6
2.7 Perancangan Analisis .............................................................................7
2.7.1. UML...................................................................................................7
2.8 Database ...............................................................................................10
2.9 Rancangan Database ............................................................................14
2.10 Bahasa Pemograman ..........................................................................14
2.11 DBMS (Database Management Sistem) ............................................15
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2.12. Internet ..............................................................................................16
Bab 3. Metodologi Penelitian ...........................................................................................
3.1. Diagram Alur Metodologi Penelitian ....................................................
3.2. Tahapan- tahapan Metodologi Penelitian
18
Bab 4. Analisis Dan Perancangan Sistem .........................................................................
4.1. Analisis Sistem ...................................................................................31
4.1.1 Sistem Berjalan (Current System) ....................................................32
4.1.2 Analisis Prosedur (Flow Chart) ........................................................33
4.1.3 Analisis Yang Akan Dibangun .........................................................35
4.1.4 Sistem Pakar Dan Metode Forward Chaining
4.1.4.1 Arsitektur Sistem
4.1.4.2 Baris Pengetahuan (Knowledge Base)
4.1.4.3 Penyajian Aturan
4.1.5 Kebutuhan Fungsional (functional Requirements)
4.1.6 Kebutuhan Non Fungsional
4.2. Perancangan Sistem
4.2.1 Usecase Diagram Diagnoasa penyakit yang
disebabkan oleh virus
4.2.2 Class Diagram
4.2.3 Squance Diagram
4.2.3.1 Squance Diagram Login
4.2.3.2 Squance Diagram Identifikasi
4.2.3.3 Squance Diagram Diagnosa
4.2.3.4 Squance Diagram Pengetahuan
4.2.4 Colaboration Diagram
4.2.4.1 Colaboration Diagram Identifikasi
4.2.4.2 Colaboration Diagram Diagnosa
4.2.4.3 Colaboration Diagram Pengetahuan
4.2.5 Activity Diagram
4.2.5.1 Activity Diagram Login
4.2.5.2 Activity Diagram Identifikasi
4.2.5.3 Activity Diagram Diagnosa
4.2.5.4 Activity Diagram Pengetahuan
4.2.6 Statechart Diagram
4.2.6.1 Statechart Diagram Login
4.2.6.2 Statechart Diagram Identifikasi
4.2.6.3 Statechart Diagram Diagnosa
4.2.6.4 Statechart Diagram Pengetahuan
4.2.7 Component Diagram
4.2.8 Deployment Diagram
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Universitas Sumatera Utara
17
4.2.9 Kamus Data
69
4.2.10 Conceptual Data Model (CDM)
72
4.2.11 Phyisical Data Model (PDM )
73
4.3. Perancangan Sistem ............................................................................73
4.3.1 Arsitektur Perangkat Lunak ..............................................................74
4.3.2 Struktur Diagram ..............................................................................74
4.3.3 User Interface
4.3.3.1 Tampilan User
4.3.3.2 Tampilan Login
4.3.3.3 Tampilan Index Admin
75
76
76
77
Bab 5. Kesimpulan dan Saran ...........................................................................................
5.1. Kesimpulan .........................................................................................78
5.2. Saran ...................................................................................................79
Daftar Pustaka
Lampiran
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR TABEL
Nomor ...............................................................................................................................
Tabel
3.1.
Diagnosa Penyakit Yang Disebabkan Oleh Virus yang
20
Sering Terjadi di Masyarakat dan Penyakit yang dialami ........................
4.1.
Reprentasi Pengetahuan Dari Knowledge Base Berbasis
40
Aturan/Rule Sitem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit yang Disebabkan Oleh
Virus ........................................................................................................
4.2.
Sample data penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dan
43
pertanyaan 4444434334337
4.3.
Sample data diagnosa penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus
44
4.4.
Table User
69
4.5.
Table Diagnosa
69
4.6.
Table Gejala
69
4.7.
Table Konsultasi
70
4.8.
Table Konsultasi Details
70
4.9.
Table Pengetahuan
71
L l
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l
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Nomor ...............................................................................................................................
Gambar
2.1. ....................................................................................................................................
Atribut Class D
2.2. ....................................................................................................................................
Atribut Diagra
2.3. ....................................................................................................................................
Atribut Use Ca
2.4. ....................................................................................................................................
Atribut Sequan
2.5.
Atribut Colaboration Diagram
9
2.6.
Atribut Statechart Diagram
9
2.7.
Atribut Activity Diagram
9
2.8.
Atribut Component Diagram
10
2.9.
Atribut Depeloyment Diagram
10
3.1.
Srategi Metodologi Penelitian
17
3.2. ....................................................................................................................................
Forward Chain
4.1. ....................................................................................................................................
Flowchart Yan
4.2. ....................................................................................................................................
Flowcahart Us
4.3. ....................................................................................................................................
Flowcahart Ad
4.4.
Arsitektur Sistem
39
4.5.
Diagram Doagnosa Penyakit
47
4.6.
Class Diagram Diagnosa Penyakit
48
4.7.
Squance Diagram Login
49
4.8.
Squance Diagram Identifikasi
50
4.9.
Squance Diagram Diagnosa
52
4.10.
Squance Diagram Pengetahuan
54
4.11.
Colaboration Diagram Identifikasi
56
4.12.
Colaboration Diagram Diagnosa
57
4.13.
Colaboration Diagram Pengetahuan
58
4.14.
Activity Diagram Login
59
4.15.
Activity Diagram Identifikasi
60
4.16.
Activity Diagram Diagnosa
61
4.17.
Activity Diagram Pengetahuan
62
4.18.
Statechart Diagram Login
64
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4.19.
Statechart Diagram Identifikasi
65
4.20.
Statechart Diagram Diagnosa
66
4.21.
Statechart Diagram Pengetahuan
67
4.22.
Deployment Diagram
68
4.23.
CDM Diagnosa Penyakit Yang Disebabkan Oleh Virus
72
4.24.
PDM Diagnosa Penyakit Yang Disebabkan Oleh Virus
73
4.25.
Statechart Diagram User
75
4.26.
Statechart Diagram Admin
75
4.27.
Tampilan User
76
4.28.
Tampilan Login
76
4.29.
Tampilan Index Admin
77
Universitas Sumatera Utara